2022年中考英语语法复习之状语从句ppt课件.pptx

1、01I get up when it is dawn.状语从句I get up at 6:00.简单句 表示动作发生的时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、方式等的句子成分叫做状语。而由句子来充当状语的，这样的句子就叫做状语从句。状语从句同副词、介词词组等做状语一样，用于修饰谓语或整个句子，说明它发生的时间、地点、方式、手段、条件、程度、比较、原因、目的、结果等，即在复合句中，作状语成分的从句叫状语从句。I will call you when I see him.If you try it,you will like it.Where there is water,there is life.

2、Because he likes the game,he works hard.He works hard so that he can win.Even though he wins,he is not happy.David tried his best,so he won.状语从句 状语从句 状语从句 状语从句 状语从句 状语从句 状语从句 时间条件地点原因目的让步结果02时间状语从句 When/while/as(当的时候),before(在之前),after(在之后),until(直到为止),as soon as(一就),since(自从).I feel very happy _ I

3、meet my friends again.We have made many dumplings _ we began to cook.He didnt go to bed _ he finished his homework.Ill call him _ he comes back.Father was cleaning the car _ I was playing computer games.when since until as soon as while 当我再次遇见我的朋友时我感到很高兴。当我再次遇见我的朋友时我感到很高兴。自从我们开始做饭，我们已经包了许多饺子了。自从我们开始

4、做饭，我们已经包了许多饺子了。他直到做完作业才睡觉。他直到做完作业才睡觉。他一回来我就给他打电话。他一回来我就给他打电话。当我正在打电子游戏时，爸爸在清洗汽车。当我正在打电子游戏时，爸爸在清洗汽车。(go to bed(go to bed表示的动作不能持续表示的动作不能持续)由由w when,whilehen,while,until,until,as as soon soon as,sinceas,since等引导的等引导的状语从句就叫做状语从句就叫做时间状语从句时间状语从句GETGET到了吗？到了吗？03until/tillsinceWhile/when/asafteras soon asb

5、efore whenwhen表示表示点时间点时间时，从句中用时，从句中用短暂性短暂性动词；表示动词；表示段时间段时间时，用时，用持续性持续性动词。动词。当当whenwhen的意思是的意思是“正当正当 时候时候”(and at that moment)(and at that moment)时，时，whenwhen只能跟只能跟在前在前 一分句之后。一分句之后。When they were still talking and laughing,the teacher came in.When I arrived home,my family were already having dinner.我

6、到家的时候，全家已经在吃晚饭。当他们还在说笑的时候，老师进来了。He was about to go to bed when the doorbell rang.They had just arrived home when it began to rain.他正要上床，忽然门铃响了。他们刚到家，天就开始下雨了。（whenwhen表示表示点点时间）时间）（whenwhen表表示示段段时时间）间）whilewhile通常表示一段时间，从句中宜用持续性动词做谓语。通常表示一段时间，从句中宜用持续性动词做谓语。Strike while the iron is hot.She fell asleep

7、while she was reading the newspaper.whilewhile有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成“然而然而”Im fond of English while he likes Maths.趁热打铁。她看报的时候睡着了。我喜欢英语而而他却喜欢数学。我们睡觉而而上尉担任警戒。We slept while the captain kept watch.While I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend.while=whenHe likes pop music

8、,while I am fond of folk music.while=butWhile I really dont like art,I find his work impressive.while=althoughWhile there is life,there is hope.while=as long aswhen/while+doingwhen+终止性、延续性动词终止性、延续性动词while+延续性动词延续性动词when(就在这时就在这时)When the teacher came in,I was sleeping.While/When I was sleeping,the t

9、eacher came in.I was sleeping,when someone knocked at the door.When/While reading,he fell asleep.在时间状语从句里，在时间状语从句里，主句主句为为将来将来时，时，从句从句用用一般现在一般现在时。时。若就时间状语从句提问，应用若就时间状语从句提问，应用whenwhen来提问。来提问。.I will ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe

10、it until he sees it with his own eyes.While we were sweeping the floor,the bell rang.When did the bell ring?When 某事一发生，另一事立即发生某事一发生，另一事立即发生As the captain passed me,I asked him whether there was any hope of saving the ship.两个动作同时发生两个动作同时发生As the day went on,the weather got worse.三者均可表示三者均可表示“当当的时候的时候

11、”,”,如果主句表示的是短暂的动作，而从句表示的是一段如果主句表示的是短暂的动作，而从句表示的是一段时间，三者可通用。时间，三者可通用。as强调主句与从句表示的动作同时发生；强调主句与从句表示的动作同时发生；while强调主句表示的动作持续于强调主句表示的动作持续于while所所指指 的的整个时间内；整个时间内；when可指主、从句所述动作同时或先后发生可指主、从句所述动作同时或先后发生。He sang as he went along.他他边走边唱。边走边唱。Please write while I read.我读的时候，请写下来。我读的时候，请写下来。When he reached hom

12、e,he had a little rest.回到家后他休息了一会儿。回到家后他休息了一会儿。as和和when都可与终止性动词连用，都可与终止性动词连用，while只能与延续性动词连用。只能与延续性动词连用。如：如：It was snowing when we got to the airport.（不能用不能用while）例句例句_ he had finished his homework,he took a short rest._ he walked along the lake,he sang happily._ she was typing the letter,the teleph

13、one rang.WhenWhileAs“时间点时间点”“一边一边一边一边”“时间段时间段”when whileas 在在 之前之前 it will be+it will be+一段时间一段时间before before 多久之后才多久之后才 It will be half a year before I come back.It will be half a year before we meet again.it wont be+it wont be+一段时间一段时间before before 过不了多久就过不了多久就 It wont be half a year before we me

14、et again.总结总结肯定句中译肯定句中译为为“才才”否定句中译否定句中译为为“就就”until/tilluntil/till引导时间状语从句用于引导时间状语从句用于肯定句肯定句时，主句的动词是时，主句的动词是延续性延续性动词，表示动作或状态一动词，表示动作或状态一直直持持续到续到until/tilluntil/till所表示的时间，意味所表示的时间，意味“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。用于用于否定句否定句时，主句谓语动词是时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始某动作直到某时间才开始”。We

15、waited until he came.我们一直等到他来。He will not go to bed till/until she returns.他要等她回来才睡觉。1._ he comes here tomorrow,I will call you.2._ he was walking in the street,he met Tim.3.She sang _ she worked.4.It wont be long _ he finishes his writing.5._ he had finished his work,he left there.6.It is two years

16、 _ he came here.7._ she told me,I had no idea of what they had said.WhenWhile/WhenasbeforeAftersinceUntil1.Its quite common in Britain to say“thank you”to the drivers _ people get off the bus.A.after B.since C.until D.when 答案 D考点分析：when 引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”2.Will you please give dictionary to Jane?Sure

17、,Ill give it to her _ she arrives here.A.before B.until C.because D.as soon as 答案 D本题考查时间状语从句，句意“她一到这儿，我就会给她”，before“在.之前”，不符合逻辑;until“直到”，不能与短暂性动词give连用；because因为,不符合逻辑；as soon as“一.就”，符合句意。3.I will send you an email as soon as I _ in Canada.A.arrive B.arrived C.am arriving D.will arrive答案 A本题考查时间状

18、语从句。当主句是一般将来时或祈使句表示将来的意义时，时间状语从句用一般现在时。答案 D本题考查时间状语从句。表示“当时”，连接两个同时进行的动作，用while。4.What was your brother doing at this time yesterday?He was reading a magazine _ I was writing an email at home.A.as soon as B.after C.until D.while01020304时间状语从句 When/while/as(当的时候),before(在之前),after(在之后),until(直到为止),as

19、 soon as(一就),since(自从).条件状语从句 if（如果）,unless（除非）,as long as（只要）由表示条件的关联词if或unless,as(so)long as,once,as far as 等引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。Well start our project _ the president agrees.You will certainly succeed _ you keep on trying._ it doesnt rain tomorrow,we will go there by bike.ifas(so)long as If如果总统同意的话，我

20、们就开始我们的项目。如果总统同意的话，我们就开始我们的项目。只要你继续尝试，你就肯定能成功。只要你继续尝试，你就肯定能成功。如果明天不下雨，我们就骑自行车去那里。如果明天不下雨，我们就骑自行车去那里。引引导条件状语从句的连词有导条件状语从句的连词有ifif（如果），（如果），unlessunless（除非）（除非）等等.Unless.Unless在意义在意义上相当于上相当于ifnot.ifnot.条件状语从句也像时间状语从句一样条件状语从句也像时间状语从句一样,如果主句用将来时，如果主句用将来时，从句要用现在时代替将来时。如：从句要用现在时代替将来时。如：You will fail _ you

21、 study hard.You will fail if you dont You will fail _ you study hard.You will fail if you dont study hard.study hard.除非你努力学习，否则你会失败除非你努力学习，否则你会失败unless it snows tomorrow,we will build a snowman.If明天如果下雪，我们就堆雪人。明天如果下雪，我们就堆雪人。Youll catch a cold you put on your coat.unless穿上大衣，不然你会感冒。穿上大衣，不然你会感冒。He wil

22、l do anything it is interesting.as long as 只要有趣，他什么都愿意干。只要有趣，他什么都愿意干。1._ you touch an English person,you should say“sorry”.2._ they are dirty,certain seas are not able to clean themselves3._ we dont lose heart,well find a way to overcome the difficulty.4._ I know you shouldnt have any problem there.

23、IfOnceAs long asAs far as5.Youll be late _ you dont get up early tomorrow morning.A.if B.when C.before D.until6.If he _ on time,we will go without him.A.doesnt come B.dont come C.didnt come7.If you _ him tomorrow,please ask him if he _ to work on the farm with us.A.see;goes B.will see;goes C.will se

24、e;will go D.see;will go如果如果是否是否总结条件状语从句考的频率比较高，主要考察if连词和if引导的从句与主句的时态。(主将从现）前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主主从句一前一后发生三从句一前一后发生三类类句型，句型，每每种句型分别对应独特的句式种句型分别对应独特的句式主从句同时发生主从句都没有发生主从句一前一后发生What were you doing when the UFO arrived?What are you doing when the UFO arr

25、ives?过去配过去现在配现在过去配过去将来配现在三 类 时 间I would leave if he came.I will leave if he comes.The train had been away when I arrived.前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主主从句一前一后发生三从句一前一后发生三类类句型，句型，每每种句型分别对应独特的句式种句型分别对应独特的句式主从句同时发生主从句都没有发生主从句一前一后发生过去类：过去进行过去类：过去进行 whenwhen 一般过去一

26、般过去现在类：现在进行现在类：现在进行 when when 一般现在一般现在过去类：过去将来过去类：过去将来 whenwhen 一般过去一般过去现现在类：一般将在类：一般将来来 whenwhen 一般现在一般现在过过去完成去完成 whenwhen 一般过去一般过去三 类 时 间“祈使句祈使句+and(or)+and(or)+陈述句陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。其中，其中，andand表示句意顺承；表示句意顺承；oror表示转折，意为表示转折，意为“否则否则”。例如：。例如：用用介词介词with,withoutwith,witho

27、ut可以把条件状语从句改写成简单句。可以把条件状语从句改写成简单句。Hurry up,or youll be late.If you dont hurry up,youll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam.If you study hard,you will pass the exam.If there is no water,the fish may die.Fish may die without water.If you help me,Ill finish my task on time.With your help,Ill

28、finish my task on time.答案 B考查if引导的条件状语从句。当主句是一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句应该用一般现在时。句意为“如果这个星期天不下雨的话，我们进行野餐。”1.Well go for a picnic if it _ this Sunday.Wish you a lovely weekend.A.rain B.doesnt rain C.wont rain答案 A本题考查条件状语从句。联系上下文可知：如果不尽力，他们会输。unless(除非)=ifnot(如果不)1.They will lose the game _ they try their bests

29、.A.unless B.once C.since D.after答案 D本题考查if引导的条件状语从句。根据句意：“如果我们不保护地球，我们将没有水喝。”1.We will have no water to drink _ we dont protect the earth.A.until B.before C.though D.if注意状语从句与时态的并行考查条件状语从句也像时间状语从句一样如果主句用将来时从句要用现在时代替将来时主将从现05时间状语从句 When/while/as(当的时候),before(在之前),after(在之后),until(直到为止),as soon as(一就),since(自从).条件状语从句 if（如果）,unless（除非）,as long as（只要）地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句结果状语从句 where（哪里）,wherever（无论哪里）because,as,since（既然）so that（以便）,in order that（为了，目的是）though（虽然）,although（虽然）,even if=even though（即使）than,asas,not so/asasso that,sothat,suchthat(以至于)