2022年中考英语语法专题-现在完成时 ppt课件.pptx

1、中考语法专题课堂导入Tom and Mary I became friends ten years ago.课堂导入Tom and Mary have been friends for ten years.知识梳理主语+have/has+动词过去分词（done）+其他（主语是单数用has，复数用have）如 I have lived in the USA for over ten years.Mr.Green has gone to China on business.知识梳理动词的过去式与过去分词的构成动词的过去式与过去分词的构成规则变化的过去分词与过去式的变化一样，在动词词尾加-ed不规则

2、变化的过去分词详见不规则动词表，需要记忆。知识梳理不规则动词的过去式与过去分词变化分类1.AAA型 hit-hit-hit read-read-read set-set-set cut-cut-cut let-let-let hurt-hurt-hurt put-put-put cost-cost-cost知识梳理2.i-a-u型 如 begin-began-begun drink-drank-drunk sing-sang-sung swim-swam-swum ring-rang-rung3.原形-过去式-过去式+（e）n 如 wear-wore-worn forget-forgot-fo

3、rgotten speak-spoke-spoken freeze-froze-frozen choose-chose-chosen知识梳理4.变其中一个元音字母如 feed-fed-fed shine-shone-shone lead-led-led meet-met-met get-got-got/gotten hold-held-held sit-sat-sat win-won-won5.变其中一个辅音字母 如 build-built-built make-made-made send-sent-sent spend-spent-spent deal-dealt-dealt hear-h

4、eard-heard知识梳理6.ow/aw-ew-own/awn 如 blow-blew-blown draw-drew-drawn grow-grew-grown fly-flew-flown知识梳理7.ABB型 (1)原形-ought-ought 如 bring-brought-brought buy-bought-bought fight-fought-fought think-thought-thought (2)原形-aught-aught 如 catch-caught-caught teach-taught-taught (3)原形-t-t 如 feel-felt-felt kee

5、p-kept-kept leave-left-left sleep-slept-slept sweep-swept-swept知识梳理8.AAB型 如 beat-beat-beaten 9.有两种形式，且意思不同 如 hang-hanged-hanged 吊死，绞刑 hang-hung-hung 悬挂 lie-lied-lied 说谎 lie-lay-lain 躺知识梳理10.有两种形式，且意思相同 如 learn-learned/learnt-learned/learnt show-showed-showed/shown burn-burned/burnt-burned/burnt ligh

6、t-lit/lighted-lit/lighted smell-smelled/smelt-smelled/smelt spell-spelt/spelled-spelt/spelled知识梳理1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或后果。常与just，already，never,before,yet,twice，many times等连用。如 He has just gone out.I have just finished my lunch.2.表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。常与for+时间段或since引导的时间状语连用。如：We have been ver

7、y busy since the new term.He has lived in China for many years.知识梳理（二）现在完成时中典型的时间状语1.现在完成时常与just，already，never，ever，before,yet,many times,so far,recently,in the past ten years等连用2.for时间段3.since+表示过去的时间点/时间段+ago/一般过去时的句子知识梳理（三）短暂性动词和持续性动词1.英语中还有一些动词的意义决定它们所表示的动作不能持续，只是一瞬间就结束的动作，这类动词叫做短暂性动词，常见的有 come，

8、go，arrive，close，open，leave，begin,start,buy,fall,join,die,become,borrow，lend等。这些动词可用于现在完成时时不能和表示一段时间的状语（how long，for，since）连用。知识梳理2.常见的相应转换 borrowkeep buyhave arrive/come/go/move/reach/get tobe in/at begin/startbe on openbe open diebe dead closebe closed leavebe away(from)fall asleepbe asleep joinbe

9、in/be a member of catch/get a coldhave a cold知识梳理（四）用法注意 have been to和have gone to的区别 have been to 强调“去过”，常与次数连用 如 He has been to the USA three times.have gone to主要强调的是“去了”，现在人不在说话的现场，常被用来回答某人去向 如：-Wheres your mother？-She has gone to the hospital.知识梳理（一）肯定句 主语+have/has+done+其他.I have had a cold for

10、two weeks.Great changes have taken place in the past ten years.（二）否定句 主语+have/has+not+done+其他.He hasnt been to Beijing three times.The Greens havent come back from the cinima.知识梳理（三）一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+doing+其他 Has he introduced himself yet？Have you got ready for the exams?一般疑问句的回答：一般用什么问就用什么来答，要注意如果问

11、句主语是指示代词或名词等，答句中要改为相对应的人称代词。如-Has Mrs.Green arrived in Beijing?-Yes,she has./No,she hasnt.-Have the twins played the piano?-Yes,they have./No,they havent.知识梳理（四）特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+done+其他?How many times have you been to foreign countries?How long have you stayed here?知识梳理例题 肯定句 I have had the n

12、ecklace for over 5 years.否定句 I havent had the necklace for over 5 years.一般疑问句 Have you had the necklace for over 5 years?特殊疑问句 对提问 What have you had for over 5 years?对提问 How long have you had the necklace?知识梳理一般过去时一般过去时VS现在完成时现在完成时一般过去时 过去发生的事情或动作现在完成时 过去发生的事情持续到现在或过去发生的事情对现在造成影响He lost his key.（过去丢

13、过钥匙，但是对现在没影响）He has lost his key.（钥匙丢了，现在进不了门）知识梳理过去完成时过去完成时VS现在完成时现在完成时 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关；过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调在过去的过去，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。如 I have learned 1000 English words so far.I had learned 1000 English words by last year.典型例题单项选择。1.Over fifty countries _ the

14、 AIIB（亚投行）so far.A.joined B.was joining C.had joined D.have joined 2.This medicine _ millions of peoples lives since it was put into use.A.is saving B.will save C.has saved D.had saved 典型例题1.【解析】答案D 试题分析句意到目前为止五十多个国家加入了亚投行。根据so far可知该用现在完成时，所以选D。2.【解析】答案C 此处since引导时间状语从句，since后接表示一个过去时间点的句子，说明从过去的时间

15、点到现在的这段时间里的动作，现在完成时的构成为has/have+过去分词，故选C。典型例题3.-_ you ever _ the new Minyuan Stadium?-No,I havent.A.Do visit B.Have;visited C.Did;visit D.Are;visiting 4.-Have you finished your homework yet?-Yes.I _ it twenty minutes ago.A.have finished B.finished C.will finish D.had finished 典型例题3.【解析】答案B 根据答句No，I

16、havent.可知问句是用have开头来问的，符合条件的只有现在完成时，故选B。4.【解析】答案B 注意答句中Yes后的句号，所以后面一句话的时间状语为twenty minutes ago，需要用一般过去时，故选B，不要被问句的现在完成时欺骗了。典型例题5.-Mr.Li will check our homework this afternoon._ you_ it?-Not yet.Im doing it right now.A.Do,finish B.Had,finished C.will,finish D.Have,finished6.I _ the book Little Woman,

17、but Ill let you read it first.A.havent read B.dont read C.wont read D.couldnt read 典型例题5.【解析】答案D 根据句意和答句Im doing it right now.可知我现在正在做作业，说明到现在为止还没有完成它，用现在完成时，故选D。6.【解析】答案A 根据句意说明“我”还没有读过这本书，but表示转折，表示“将会让你先读”说明我到现在为止还没读，用现在完成时，故选A。课堂练习一.把下列一般过去时改为现在完成时。1.He came to our village two years ago.2.He lef

18、t home three days ago.3.I bought the watch 2 weeks ago.4.The film has begun.5.Our school opened in 1960.课堂练习二.单项选择。1.-Oh,Mrs.King,your necklace looks nice.Is it new?-No,I _ it for two years.A.had B.have had C.bought D.have bought 2.His grandfather _ for over two years.A.has died B.has been dead C.ha

19、s dead D.died3.Uncle Li can speak English very well because he _ England for 5 years.A.has gone to B.has been to C.has come to D.has been in课堂练习4.-Where is Mr.Zhang?-He _ London.A.has been to B.has been C.has gone D.has gone to 5.-_ to the United States?-No,never,but I went to Canada a few years ago

20、.A.Have you been B.Have you gone C.Did you go D.Will you go l6.I havent seen you _ ast Friday.A.for B.since C.from D.on课堂练习7.-John,you _ the computer game for two hours.Its bad for your eyes.Stop,please!-OK,Mum.A.played B.have played C.were playing D.play8.I wont go to the concert because I _ my tic

21、ket.A.lost B.dont lose C.have lost D.will lost课堂练习三.用never，ever，already，yet，for，since填空1.I have _ seen him before,so I have no idea about him.2.Jack has _ finished his homework.3.Mr.Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4.-Have you _ seen the film?-No,I have _ seen it.5.-Has the bus left _?-Yes

22、,it has _ left.课堂练习四.对划线部分提问。1.I have been there for two years.2.My father has lived here since 2000.3.He left here yesterday.4.They bought a book two hours ago.课堂练习参考答案一.1.He has been in our village for two years ago.2.He has been away from home since three days ago.3.I have had the watch for 2 wee

23、ks.4.The film has been on.5.Our school has been open since 1960.二.1.B 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.C三.1.never 2.already 3.for 4.ever;never 5.yet;already 四.1.How long have you been there 2.How long has your father lived here?3.When did he leave here?4.When did they buy a book?课后检测一.用since和for填空。A.1)._ t

24、wo years 2)._ two years ago 3)._ last month 4)._ 1999 5)._ yesterday 6)._ 4 oclock 7)._ 4 hours 8)._ an hour ago 9)._ we were children 10)._ lunch time 11)._ she left here课后检测B.1.He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.2.Ive known him _ we were children.3.Our teacher has studied Japanese _ th

25、ree years.4.She has been away from the city _ about ten years.5.Its about ten years _ she left the city.6.Ive been practicing the piano _ 10:30.7.Mario has been running _ 15 minutes.8.Sarah has been sleeping _ 9:00.9.Dale has been talking on the phone _ five minutes.10.Louie has been studying Chines

26、e _ he was six years old.课后检测二.用have/has been to/in，have gone to及go的各种形式填空。1.-Where is Jack?-He _ his country.2.John _ England since he came back.3.The Smiths _ Beijing for years.4.-_ you ever _ America?-Yes,I _ there many times.5.I _ this school since three years ago.课后检测三.句型转换。1.He has already gon

27、e home.He _ _ home _.（否定句）_ he _ home _?（疑问句）2.He has lunch at home.He _ _ lunch at home.（否定句）_ he _ lunch at home?（疑问句）3.He has been there twice.（对划线部分提问）_ _ _ _ he been there?课后检测4.They have been talking for the whole three hours.（一般疑问句）_ they _ _ for the whole three hours?5.They have been playing

28、 football for two hours.（对划线部分提问）_ _ have they been playing football?6.She has studied English for two years.（同义句）_课后检测四.单项选择。1.Both his parents look sad.Maybe they _ whats happened to him.A.knew B.have known C.must know D.will know2.He has _ been to Shanghai,has he?A.already B.never C.ever D.still3

29、.Have you met Mr.Li _?A.just B.ago C.before D.a moment ago课后检测4.The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year.A.is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written5.-Our country _ a lot so far.-Yes.I hope it will be even _.A.has changed;well B.changed;good C.has changed;better D.changed;better6.Z

30、hao Lan _ already _ in this school for two years.A.was;studying B.will;study C.has;studied D.are;studying课后检测7.We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.A.know B.had known C.have known D.knew8.Harry Potter is a very nice film.I _ it twice.A.will see B.have seen C.saw D.see9.-These farmers have been t

31、o the United States.-Really?When _ there?A.will they go B.did they go C.do they go D.have they gone课后检测10.-_ you _ your homework yet -Yes.I _ it a moment ago.A.Did;do;finished B.Have;done;finished C.Have;done;have finished D.will;do;finish 11.His father _ the Party since 1978.A.joined B.has joined C

32、.was in D.has been in12.-Do you know him well?-Sure.We _ friends since ten years ago.A.were B.have been C.have become D.have made课后检测13.-How long have you _ here?-About two months.A.been B.gone C.come D.arrived14.Hurry up!The play _ for ten minutes.A.has begun B.had begun C.has been on D.began15.The

33、 students have cleaned the classroom,A.do they B.dont they C.have they D.havent they课后检测参考答案.A.1.for 2.since 3.since 4.since 5.since 6.since 7.for 8.since 9.since 10.since 11.since B.1.since 2.since 3.for 4.for 5.since 6.since 7.for 8.since 9.for 10.since 二.1.has gone to 2.has been in 3.have been in 4.Have;been to;have been 5.have been in 三.1.hasnt gone；yet 2.Has;gone;yet 3.How many times has 4.Have;been talking 5.How long 6.She has studied English since two years ago.四.15 BBCDC 610 CCBBB 1115 DBACD谢谢观看