2022年中考英语语法复习 专题过去完成时ppt课件.pptx

1、中考语法复习之中考语法复习之Past Perfect TensePresentPerfect TenseHas anyone taken my novel?有人拿走了我的小说吗？有人拿走了我的小说吗？Amy,you have got it.艾米，是你拿走的。艾米，是你拿走的。No，I havent.不，我没有。不，我没有。I have made so many resolutions and written sad notes and I have cried over my sins.我下了那么多决心，写了那些悔过的文字，我为我下了那么多决心，写了那些悔过的文字，我为我的过错而哭泣。我的过错

2、而哭泣。Definition of Present Perfect Tense 定义定义1、表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成；2、表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在的影响和产生的结果;它强调的是过去的动作同现在的联系。Definition of Past Perfect Tense 定义定义过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。Structure of Present Perfect tense 结构结构Structure of Past Perfect Tense 结构结构肯定肯定句句 主语主语+have/has+V.pp.否定句否定句 主语主语+h

3、ave/has not+V.pp.have not=havent/has not=hasnt一般一般疑问句疑问句 Have/Has+主语主语+V.pp.?Yes,主语主语+have/has.No,主语主语+havent/hasnt.hadhadhadhadnthadhadhadnt 截止到上周截止到上周PeterPeter已经看过四遍这部电影了。已经看过四遍这部电影了。Peter had seen this film for four times by the end of last week.截止到上周截止到上周PeterPeter还没看过这部电影。还没看过这部电影。Peter hadnt

4、seen this film by the end of last week.截止到上周截止到上周PeterPeter看过这部电影了吗？看过这部电影了吗？Had Peter seen this film by the end of last week?看过了看过了/没看过没看过Yes,he had./No,he hadnt.V.pp.=past participle 动词过去分词RegulargroupIrregularGroup 1ABCIrregular Group 2 ABBIrregular Group 3 AAAIrregular Group 3 ABA/AAB05 动词分类变化规则

5、e.g.一般动词-edwork-worked以不发音的“e、ue”结尾-dlive-lived以“辅音+y”结尾变y为iedcry-cried以“重读闭音节”结尾双写末尾辅音-edplan-plannedRegular Group 规则动词变形规则动词变形+ed双写双写+ed+d去去y+iedcookplanstudycleanlivestopcarrydanceIrregular Group 1 AAA 动词原形动词原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词动词原形动词原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词bet betbetcutcutcutcostcostcosthithithithurthurthur

6、tletletletputputputreadreadreadsetsetsetshutshutshytbroadcastbroadcastbroadcastburstburstburstquitquitquitshedshed shedIrregular Group 2 ABB动词原形动词原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词 动词原形动词原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词buyboughtboughtbringbrought broughtdreamdreamtdreamtlearnlearntlearntbleedbledbledcatchcaughtcaughtfeedfedfedfindfo

7、undfoundhanghunghunghavehadhadbendbentbentdigdugdugfeelfeltfeltbuildbuiltbuiltIrregular Group 3 ABC动词原形动词原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词动词原形动词原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词arisearosearisenbewas/werebeenbearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbitbitbittenblowblewblownbreakbrokebrokendodiddonedrawdrewdrawndrivedrovedriveneatateeatenflyflewflow

8、ngivegavegivenknowknewknownIrregular Group 4 ABA/AAB ABAAABcome came come become became becomeovercoem overcame overcome run ran run beat beat beaten 过过 去去 完完 成成 时时 的的 用用 法法(1)表示一动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之表示一动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成，即发生在前已经完成，即发生在“过去的过去过去的过去”。这个过。这个过去的时间可以用去的时间可以用by,before，after,when等介等介词短语或者一个词

9、短语或者一个时间状语从句时间状语从句来表示。来表示。例：上周日之前他们已经种了一百棵树。例：上周日之前他们已经种了一百棵树。They had planted 100 trees before last Sunday.关好门以后，他开了房间。关好门以后，他开了房间。After he had closed the door,he left the room.When he got to school,he realized he had left her backpack at home.过过 去去 完完 成成 时时 的的 用用 法法(2)表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已表示某一动作或状态在过去

10、某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去的时间。常经开始，一直延续到这一过去的时间。常用表延续的时间状语如用表延续的时间状语如by the end of+过过去的时间点，去的时间点，by the time+从句从句等。等。例：例：到去年年底，她已经换过四次工作了。到去年年底，她已经换过四次工作了。By the end of last year,she had changed four jobs.By the time he got outside,the bus had already left.过过 去去 完完 成成 时时 的的 用用 法法(3)表示过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续表示过去某一时间

11、之前开始，一直延续到过去的这一时间，而且还可能继续下去到过去的这一时间，而且还可能继续下去的动作。的动作。通常与通常与for,since 引导的时间状引导的时间状语连用。语连用。例：从我认识他，他交了很多新朋友例：从我认识他，他交了很多新朋友。He had made a lot new friends since last year.He had done a lot of experiments on his science research since 1988.过过 去去 完完 成成 时时 的的 用用 法法(4)含有含有宾语从句的复合句中宾语从句的复合句中：当主句为：当主句为一般过去时，

12、且从句的动作先于主句的动一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作发生时，从句要用过去完成时。如在作发生时，从句要用过去完成时。如在told，said，knew，heard，thought，realize等动词后的宾语从句中。等动词后的宾语从句中。例：例：她说她以前已看过这部电影了。她说她以前已看过这部电影了。She said that she had seen the film before.过过 去去 完完 成成 时时 的的 用用 法法(5)表示意向的动词，如表示意向的动词，如hope，wish，expect，think，intend，mean，suppose等，用过去等，用过去 完成时表示完

13、成时表示“原本原本，但未能但未能”。例例:我们本希望你能来，但你没来。我们本希望你能来，但你没来。We had hoped that you would come,but you didnt.过过 去去 完完 成成 时时 的的 用用 法法(6)过去完成时与过去完成时与 as soon as,till/until 等引导时间状语的从句连用，强调动作发等引导时间状语的从句连用，强调动作发生的时间前后。生的时间前后。例例:我完成作业了就去睡觉了。我完成作业了就去睡觉了。Last night,as soon as I had finished my work I went to sleep.我一直等到

14、他把所有玩具清理好。我一直等到他把所有玩具清理好。I waited until he had cleaned up all his toys.过过 去去 完完 成成 时时 的的 用用 法法(7)过去完成时是一个相对的时态，它所表过去完成时是一个相对的时态，它所表示的动作示的动作不仅发生在过去不仅发生在过去，更强调，更强调“过去的过去的过去过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。才用到它。John returned home very late yesterday.Where had he been?Exercise1.After he _(finish

15、)his work he went out.2.The children ran away after they _(break)the window.3.I went to Toms house but he _(go)out.had finishedhad brokenhad goneExercise4.Annie told me that his father _(go)to Paris and he _(come)back in a few days.5.My friend _(buy)the car two years ago.He _(buy)it for two years.ha

16、d gonewould comeboughthas had现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时p现在完成时强调一个动作现在完成时强调一个动作从过去到现在并可能持续从过去到现在并可能持续到将来；到将来；pI have already learned I have already learned 1000 English words so 1000 English words so far.far.p过去完成时强调一个动作过去完成时强调一个动作从过去持续到过去并可能从过去持续到过去并可能继续。继续。pI had already learned I had already learned 100

17、0 English words till 1000 English words till then.then.辨别Attention:Attention:过去完成跟现在完成时共通的地方是他们过去完成跟现在完成时共通的地方是他们都可以与都可以与already，yet，since，for连用。连用。一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时p一般过去时只强调过去某一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间一特定的时间pThey arrived at the They arrived at the station at ten station at ten yesterday.yesterday.p过去完成时

18、在时间上强调过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去过去的过去”pThey had arrived at the They had arrived at the station by ten station by ten yesterday.yesterday.辨别Attention:Attention:时间状语不同时间状语不同p在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。的则用一般过去时。pShe was ve

19、ry happy.Her whole family She was very happy.Her whole family were pleased with her,too.She had were pleased with her,too.She had just won the first in the composition just won the first in the composition petition.AttentionThe lines in Past Perfect Tense I went to get dressed and realized I had lef

20、t my best shirt in the washer!“过去的过去过去的过去”穿衣打扮之前已把穿衣打扮之前已把衬衫落在了洗衣机衬衫落在了洗衣机The lines in Past Perfect Tense After I had waited for a few minutes,I realized I had put my shirt on inside out!after时间状语从句来时间状语从句来表示表示过去已完成的事；过去已完成的事；realize后的宾语从句后的宾语从句表示过去完成时。表示过去完成时。The lines in Past Perfect Tense This ha

21、d never happened to me before last night.事件事件在过去某一时间在过去某一时间之前已经完成，之前已经完成，before时间时间介词短语介词短语强调这个过去的时间强调这个过去的时间The lines in Past Perfect Tense When I came back,a waiter had given my table to someone else.发生在发生在“过去的过去过去的过去”。这个过去的时间可以用这个过去的时间可以用when等介词短语或者一等介词短语或者一个时间状语从句来表示个时间状语从句来表示The lines in Past P

22、erfect Tense I told the server what had happened.told等动词引导，等动词引导，当主句当主句为一般过去时，且从句的为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作发生动作先于主句的动作发生时，从句要用过去完成时时，从句要用过去完成时.The lines in Past Perfect Tense Ann said that she had waited for me for over twenty minutes.said等动词引导，等动词引导，当主句当主句为一般过去时，且从句的为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作发生动作先于主句的动作发生时，从句

23、要用过去完成时时，从句要用过去完成时.Exercise1He asked me _ during the summer holidays.A.where I had been B.where I had goneC.where had I been D.where had I goneAExercise2.What _ Jane _ by the time he was sever?A.did,do B.has,done C did,did.D.had,done3.I _ 900 English words by the time I was ten.A.learned B.was learn

24、ing C.had learned D.learntDCExercise4.She _lived here for _ years.A.had,a few B.has,several C.had,a lot of D.has,a great deal of5.By the time my parents reached home yesterday,I _ the dinner already.A had cooked B.cooked C.have cooked D.was cookedBAExercise1.When I _(arrive)at the station,he _(leave

25、).2.We _ (learn)about 4000 English words by the end of last term.3.I waited until he _ (finish)his homework.4.We were surprised at what she _already _(do)arrived had left had learned (had)finished had done Exercise5.She _(not go)to Qingdao because she _(go)there before.6.He _(not tell)you the news yet.7.He said he _already_(give)the book to the teacher.8.I _(be)to Shanghai before.9.She told me she _(be)to Sanya three times.didnt go had been hasnt told had given have been had been