2022年中考英语语法专题：定语从句ppt课件.pptx

1、(定语从句定语从句)概念概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子的句子.(Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl,叫做叫做定语从句定语从句The Attributive Clause（定语从句）（定语从句）v定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。v学习定语从句的关键是如何选择关联词学习定语从句的关键是如何选择关联词。v由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，又在从由于关系代词在

2、主句与从句间既起到联系作用，又在从句中充当一个成分，因此，句中充当一个成分，因此，要正确判断关系代词在从要正确判断关系代词在从句中的功能，如作主语还是宾语等。句中的功能，如作主语还是宾语等。1.The man is a worker.2.The man is speaking at the meeting.合并句子合并句子:The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行词先行

3、词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系关系代词代词关系副词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时当先行词是物时,用用which 或或that引导引导.These are the trees which were planted last year.当先行词是人时当先行词是人时,用用who,whom,whose,that引导引导.指人指人指物指物主语主语宾语宾语that whichwhowhom关系代词的用法关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以：关系

4、代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？何时可以省略？做做宾语宾语时可以省略时可以省略who 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语或宾语主语或宾语.The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主语作主语Whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the

5、 woman.分解分解作宾语作宾语who指人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）The man who I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.whom指人指人,作宾语作宾语 (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省)The man(whom/who)I nodded to is Mr.Li.The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语.I know the

6、girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语作定语whosewhose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of whichof which互换使用。互换使用。Whose is used instead for Whose is used instead for his/her/their/its.his/her/their/its.This is the book This is the book whosewhose cover is blue.c

7、over is blue.This is the book This is the book of whichof which the cover is blue the cover is blue.that 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语和宾语主语和宾语.注意注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略省略.The woman(whom/that)they wanted to visit is a teacher.A plane is a machine.It can fly.A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man.I

8、 told you about him.He is the man(that)I told you about.which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可作宾语可省省 略略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省)These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder（which）he is using ismade in Japan.Is this the library(which)you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow

9、books?The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.如果介词提前，作宾语的关系代词不能省略如果介词提前，作宾语的关系代词不能省略v指物，只用指物，只用 whichv指人指人,只用只用whomIs this the library from which you borrow books?Is this the library(which)you borrow books from?The man(whom/who)I nodded to is Mr.Li.下列情况只能用下列情况只能用that序数词或最高级序数词或最高级adjadj修饰先行词时修饰先行词时

10、 Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.all,everything,nobody 等不定代等不定代词作先行词时词作先行词时 Everything that we saw in this film was true.1.I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.2.Yesterday Emily was w

11、earing the new dress _ I gave her.4.My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.5.The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6.Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.which/that7.Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.8.All _ we can do is to study hard.9.The

12、 first one _ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthatWhich baby is JackWhich baby is Jack?穿红裤子的baby是Jack。The baby is Jack.The baby is Jack.whose trousers are redwho is wearing red trousersJackWhich house is mineWhich house is mine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。The house is mine.whose roof is brownThe house is mine.of w

13、hich the roof is brownMy house填空填空1 The earthquake _ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2 We dont know the number of people _ lost their homes in the 1906 earthquake.3 The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.4 A house _ is built on sand may fall down in an ea

14、rthquake.5Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake.6 people _ study earthquakes thinks that there will be another big one soon.which/thatwho/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwho/whomwho1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.This is the doctor who saved the boys life.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那个人是我的叔

15、叔.The man who is running is my uncle.3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.I like the music that I can sing along with.4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.The woman who lives next door is a teacher.whenwhen在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词介词+关系代词（关系代词（whichwhich）”。Ill never forget the day Ill never forget the day w

16、henwhen I joined the league.I joined the league.on whichwherewhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词介词+关系代词（关系代词（whichwhich）”。This is the house This is the house wherewhere I lived two years ago.I lived two years ago.in which=whywhy在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词介词for+for+关系代词（关系代词（whichwhich）”。Do you know the reason Do you know the reason whywhy she was late.she was late.for which=