2022年中考英语专项复习之阅读理解解题指导ppt课件.pptx

1、Mo yanMo yan believes his success comes from a large amount of reading.题类题类 项目项目题量题量计分计分人机对话人机对话（听力（听力+口语）口语）23 30客观题客观题第一部分第一部分单项填空单项填空 15 15第二部分第二部分完形填空完形填空 15 15第三部分第三部分阅读理解阅读理解 12 24主观题主观题第四部分第四部分词汇运用词汇运用 16 16第五部分第五部分阅读填词阅读填词 10 10任务型任务型阅读阅读 5 10第七部分第七部分书面表达书面表达 1 20总计30+110140试卷结构、题型、分值、试卷结构、题

2、型、分值、得阅读者得英语中考记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文，以及记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文，以及 新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格等。新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格等。科普、社会、政治、经济等方面内容。科普、社会、政治、经济等方面内容。5DetailGuessingInferenceMain idea 1.Whats the main idea/purpose of the passage?2.What does the underlined word/phrase mean?3.From the paragraph,we can infer(推断推断)that.4.The pa

3、ssage is mainly about.5.According to the passage,when(why,how,who).6.Which can be the best title of the passage?7.We can conclude(得出结论得出结论)from the passage that.8.Which of the following is true/NOT true?9.The writer mentions(提及提及)all of the following except.52 3 1 4 6 7 8 9把握文章的事实和细节的能力把握文章的事实和细节的能力

4、【说明说明】针对文章的事实和细节，常见的提问方式有：针对文章的事实和细节，常见的提问方式有：Which of the following is right/true/wrong/isnt mentioned?The following are all right EXCEPT _.Which of the following is the right order?用用What/Which/When/Where/Why/How等提问。等提问。Tip:带题查阅速定位，提高答题针对性带题查阅速定位，提高答题针对性细节理解题例细节理解题例133What is NOT mentioned about t

5、he trip?A.Days of the trip.B.Places to visit.C.Price of the trip.D.Meals during the trip.CDISCOVER BEIJING!Why not take your children to Beijing this coming summer holiday?Your seven-day trip includes:visits to the Forbidden City,the Great Wall,Tiananmen Square,the Summer Palace and some nice museum

6、sreturn flights and transport to and from the airportsix nights in a five-star hotel breakfast,lunch and dinner visit to a shopping center CD or video souvenir Give your children the best summer holiday ever.Book early to avoid disappointment!For further information contact World Tours.Tel:629715Wee

7、kly Test1.I prefer to spend my spare time(a)with my family(b)with my friends(c)on my own.2 f have a problem,I would rather(a)talk to my parents than to my friends.(b)talk to my friends than to my family.(c)solve it on my own.3.I prefer to study(a)at home with my family around.(b)with my friends.(c)o

8、n my own.4.For my birthday I would prefer to(a)be with my family(b)have a party with lots of friends.(c)go out with just my best friend.You get 1 point for each(c),2 for each(b),and 3 for each(c)Go and find out what your score means on the right!Scores and their meanings:4-6:Your family is very impo

9、rtant to you.You enjoy being with friends but your family comes first.You are kind and always think more of others.7-9:You have lots of friends and like to have fun.You are close to your family but your friends are quite important to you,too.You are easy-going and generous.10-12:You probably have on

10、e or two close friends,but youd rather relax with a good book than go to a party.You are confident and like to do things for yourself.You can e-mail us at and tell us whether your result has described a REAL you.1.From Franks result,we may know that .A.he has many close friends and enjoys having fun

11、 with themB.his family comes first although he loves being with friendsC.both his family and his friends are of great importance to himD.he is a confident young student with only a few close friendsTip:慧眼分析同义句，句子大意藏于心。慧眼分析同义句，句子大意藏于心。细节理解题例细节理解题例22+2+3=7C 细节理解题细节理解题 Martin had just finished high sch

12、ool.He would go to college at the far end of the city.He didnt want to live there,and he didnt want to take the bus either.So his father agreed to buy him a car.His father spent all his summer teaching him how to drive,from the ABC to the XYZ.Thinking of the great feeling of driving a new car,Martin

13、 learned very quickly,and received his drivers license just before his eighteenth birthday.The second day,all the family,and their dog,went to a car shop.Martin spent almost all the morning going from one car to another.Finally he saw a red Blue Bird.He had a testing drive on the open ground,and cal

14、led out,“This is what I want,Dad!”when everything was done,they were ready to leave.Martin climbed into the front seat.He said excitedly,“Its my first day driving alone.Dad,Mom,and Poo!Enjoy it!”His dad immediately took the back seat,right behind the new driver.Martin wondered why his father chose t

15、hat seat,for his father always enjoyed looking in front.So he said,smiling,“Im sure youre back there to have a change after all those weeks of sitting in the front seat teaching me how to drive.”“No,”Dad replied,“Do you remember what you did to me all those years when I took you to and from school?I

16、 am sitting here to hit and kick the back of your seat all the way!”28.Which of the following is NOT the reason why Martins father agreed to buy him a car?A.Martin would go to college and it was far from home.B.Martin preferred living at home to living at college.C.Martin didnt want to take the publ

17、ic transport.D.Martin was able to learn how to drive very quickly.30.How would the whole family probably feel on their way home?A.Angry B.Sad C.Cheerful D.ShockedPara 1 Martin had just finished high school.He would go to college at the far end of the city.He didnt want to live there,and he didnt wan

18、t to take the bus either.So his father agreed to buy him a car.ABCD30.How would the whole family probably feel on their way home?A.Angry B.Sad C.Cheerful D.ShockedPara 7 Martin climbed into the front seat.He said excitedly,“Its my first day driving alone.Dad,Mom,and Poo!Enjoy it!”Para 9 So he said,s

19、miling,Para 10 “No,”Dad replied,“Do you remember what you did to me all those years when I took you to and from school?I am sitting here to hit and kick the back of your seat all the way!”C根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力【说明说明】要求根据上下文确定某一特定的词或要求根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义，常见提问方式有：短语的准确含义，常见提问方式有：The word“_”

20、in the passage probably means_.Whats the meaning of the underlined word“_”in the passage?1.The colour of Hawaii in summer is unforgettable.2.When the little boy finished,his father was speechless.un+forgettable难以忘记的难以忘记的speech+less 说不出话的说不出话的1.根据单词的前缀或后缀进行猜词。根据单词的前缀或后缀进行猜词。表示否定表示否定:表示重复：表示重复：表示方向：表示

21、方向：表示人：表示人：un-;im-in-;dis-;-less re-ern -er;-or;-ist2.根据合成词猜测。根据合成词猜测。school+bag schoolbag down+stairs downstairs1.rebuild2.modernize3.man-made4.unsafe 5.misunderstandingA.不安全的B.误解C.重建D.现代化E.人造的Whats the meaning of the underlined word“defensive”?A.易怒的易怒的 B.攻击性的攻击性的 C.外向的外向的 D.有戒心的有戒心的(1)You have a l

22、ow opinion of yourself and often protect yourself from being hurt,so you are very defensive.Tip:利用利用因果关系因果关系猜测词义。猜测词义。(关键词关键词:since,as,because,for,so,as a result,so that,for this reason)(2)John loves to talk,and his sisters are similarly loquacious.What does the underlined word mean?A.silent B.peace

23、ful C.talkative D.humorousTip:1.利用利用近义关系近义关系猜测词义。猜测词义。(关键词关键词:and,also,similarly,like,just as)(3)Someone liked milk,but others abhorred it.In English,the underlined word means _.hate 2.利用利用反义关系反义关系猜测词义。猜测词义。(关键词关键词:but,however,on the other hand,instead of,while,although)1.The word“lefty”means a pers

24、on who uses his or her left hand for writing,eating and other jobs.左撇子左撇子Tip:利用利用定义、解释定义、解释猜测词义。猜测词义。(关键词关键词:is,that is(to say),in other words,be called，refer to)1.China is our motherland.2.Kangaroo mothers have pouches to carry their babies.3.Its really cold outside,and my hands are both numb.(祖国祖国

25、)(育儿袋育儿袋)(冻僵了的冻僵了的,麻木的麻木的,失去知觉的失去知觉的)The Soviet Union(前苏联)sent the first space station into space in 1971.This space station was called Salyut 1.Salyut 1（礼炮1号）was designed as a place where people could live while they observed space and did experiment.The first group of astronauts lived there for 23

26、 days.The Soviet Union went on to make seven more Salyut space stations.At about the same time,the United Stations built its own space station,called Skylab.31.Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word“observed”in Paragraph 2?A.Discovered.B.Checked.C.Watched.D.Fixed.C “Is

27、nt that work?”Ben asked.“Well,no.Does a boy get the opportunity to paint a fence every day?Youve never painted a fence,have you?Auntie says I have to do it with great care!”“Please,Tom.Let me do a little,”said Ben.31.Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word“opportunity”i

28、n this passage?A.Reward.B.Interest.C.Ability.D.Chance.DHow to guess the meaning of words?词义猜测题词义猜测题【说明说明】对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，或对作者观点、对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，或对作者观点、写作意图的推理和判断。常见提问方式有：写作意图的推理和判断。常见提问方式有：1.From the paragraph,we can infer that 2.We can conclude(得出结论得出结论)from the passage that 3.What can we infer(推断推

29、断)from the passage?4.How did the writer feel when?5.The writer believes that.依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力和判断的能力31What is this?(2015,徐州市徐州市)A.A notice.B.An advertisement.C.An application.D.An interview.BDISCOVER BEIJING!Why not take your children to Beijing this coming summer holiday?Yo

30、ur seven-day trip includes:visits to the Forbidden City,the Great Wall,Tiananmen Square,the Summer Palace and some nice museumsreturn flights and transport to and from the airportsix nights in a five-star hotel breakfast,lunch and dinner visit to a shopping center CD or video souvenir Give your chil

31、dren the best summer holiday ever.Book early to avoid disappointment!For further information contact World Tours.Tel:629715推理判断题例推理判断题例1推理判断题例推理判断题例2 Imagine the situation.You are driving along a desert or on a mountain.You have no idea where you are.You passed the last house two hours ago.Then your

32、 car breaks down.It is night and it is cold.You have no mobile phone.What do you do?Well,next time take a GPS with you.This invention may be able to help you.It is a device(装置)which uses satellites(卫星)to find the users position(位置).It can find your position to within 20 metres.A GPS cannot start you

33、r car,but at least you will know where you are.GPS,which means Global Positioning System,is a small radio receiver.It looks like a mobile phone.You can hold it in your hand,or put in your pocket.It is sometimes put into a watch or a telephone.We also find GPS devices in cars,planes,or boats.Some of

34、these devices have electronic maps,so you know where you are.For example,in a city they can tell you the name of the street.There are three parts to the Global Positioning System.The first part is the receiver.You can hold it in your hand,or have it fixed into your car,plane,etc.The second part is a

35、 group of satellites orbiting the Earth.The receiver contacts at least four of the satellites and calculates(计算)its position.The third part of the system is a network of ground stations.They are all over the world.They control the satellites and make sure they are working well.Some people think that

36、 in the future the GPS will be as common as the mobile.They are becoming cheaper and more and more accurate(精确的).There are also new uses for the GPS.Perhaps they will become like watches.Everyone will have one and you will never be lost again.(2013南京中考）推理判断题例推理判断题例2 45.What can we infer(推断)from the

37、passage?A.All GPS devices have electronic maps.B.People in many countries will use the GPS for free.C.The receiver of the GPS contacts at least five of the satellites.D.The GPS will become more and more common in everyday life.Para 2 Some of these devices have electronic maps.Para 3 The receiver con

38、tacts at least four of the satellites and calculates its position.D掌握所读材料的主旨和要义的能力掌握所读材料的主旨和要义的能力 【说明说明】主要针对段落（或短文】主要针对段落（或短文)的主题，主题思想，的主题，主题思想，标题或目的，常见提问方式有：标题或目的，常见提问方式有：1)Which is the best title of the passage?2)In this passage the writer tries to tell us that_.3)This passage mainly talks about_.

39、4)Whats the main idea of the passage?主旨大意题例主旨大意题例1 The day before yesterday,when Peters family were having dinner,Father raised an interesting question,“Was there anything in our past that we feel ashamed of,guilty about,or regretted?Maybe we can find ways to say sorry,or take some action to right a

40、ny wrongdoing.”This seemed like a very private matter,but Peter thought about it carefully the whole night.Peter remembered an incident from middle school.In his school,there was a worker,Neil Stone,who none of the kids liked.One night,Peter and two of his classmates decided to play a trick on him.T

41、hey found a can of red paint,and wrote on the school main road in bright red:Neil Stone is a fool!The next day,the whole school saw these words.Within two hours,Neil had Peter and his two classmates in his office.His classmates said that they had done it but Peter lied,denying the truth.No one ever

42、talked about it.This morning,Peter went back to his middle school.Neil Stone is still working there.“Sorry,Neil.Do you still remember what happened ten years ago?I want you to know that I did it.”“I knew it!Neil laughed.They had a good laugh and a lively discussion.Neils closing words were:“Peter,I

43、always felt bad for you because your classmates got it off their mind,and I knew you were carrying it around all these years.I want to thank you for visiting me for your sake.”Peter knows that no matter how difficult the situation is,it is never too late to clear up the past and make a fresh start.3

44、8What is the best title for this passage?（2015，徐州市）徐州市）A.Peters story.B.An unforgettable lesson.C.Its never too late.D.Every dog has its day.1.Read the article first,then read the questions.2.Read the questions first,then read the article with the questions.(In common use)1.扫读/略读（skimming）:Read the

45、text quickly to get the main idea.When skimming,read the title,the main headings,the first and last paragraph,and the first sentence of each paragraph.2.细读(scanning):Read the article carefully,know the forms and main idea of the article,we look for the key information that will answer the questions.(五个五个W,who,what,when,where,why)3.查读(Check carefully):Examine carefully,and do your best to make few mistakes.1.Skills should be made full use of.2.A positive attitude should be developed.3.Practice makes perfect.