2022年中考英语阅读专题复习ppt课件.pptx

1、2022年中考阅读复习专题目录01课标阅读要求02中考考察方向03考试题型分析04中考复习策略五级阅读能力能根据上下文和构词法推断生词的涵义。能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能得结局。能读懂相应水平的常见体裁的读物。能根据不同的阅读目的，运用简单的阅读策略获取信息。能利用词典等工具书进行阅读。课外阅读量应累积达到15万词。课标对阅读的要求 课标对阅读的要求第一，应能从口头和书面材料中获取所需信息，能就熟悉的话题用英语与老师和同学进行简单的口笔头交流，能对事物进行简单的描述并作出自己的判断；第二，应对课内外英语活动具有积极的态度，能克服

2、在英语学习中产生的畏惧心理和困难，能根据自己的情况，合理安排和计划自己的学习，在学习中发挥自主意识和创新精神；第三，应具有一定的跨文化交际的意识，对异国文化采取尊重和包容的态度。学生面临中考时，他们应该具备三个方面的能力。布鲁姆的“教育目标分类法”来判断学生对一个知识点的精通程度。可以分为六个层面，记住（remember），理解（understand），应用（apply），分析（analyze），评价（evaluate）和创造（create）。high order thinkinglow order thinking近年重庆中考阅读各思维层次比例图捕捉信息占比：31%理解占比23%应用占比19

3、%分析占比18%评价占比4%创造占比5%低阶思维占比73%高阶思维占比27%近8年重庆中考英语B卷阅读选材统计表语篇文体话题词数A篇记叙文（4次）幽默故事（3次）人物故事（2015）124-180（生词02个）说明文（2次）事物介绍（2次）应用文（2次）图表型（2次）B篇应用文（5次）广告信息类（3次）学生活动（2017）英语文化现象（2016）136-200（生词13个）说明文（2次）事物介绍（2次）记叙文（2020）幽默故事（2020）C篇记叙文（2次）生活故事（2次）173-270（生词14个）说明文（5次）介绍类（5次）应用文（2018）个人成长计划（2018）D篇记叙文（2014）情

4、感故事（2014）233-285（生词34个）说明文（7次）事物介绍（4次）环保（2次）科普知识（2015）E篇记叙文（2019）人物故事（2019）261-353-（生词3-4个）说明文（2020）事物介绍（2020）篇目年份项目2020 年（5篇）2019 年（5篇）2018 年（4篇）D篇文体说明文说明文记叙文话题环境保护植物介绍机构介绍设题方式52.写作手法题53.词义猜测题54.推理判断题55.篇章结构题52.段落大意题53.细节理解题54.细节理解题55.篇章结构题57.细节理解题58.推理判断题59.文章结构题60.标题概括题E篇文体说明文记叙文话题科学技术人物介绍设题方式56.

5、细节理解题57.推理判断题58.推理判断题59.标题概括题56.细节理解题57.细节理解题58.写作意图题59.推理判断题教学分析题材广泛体裁多样语境真实贴近生活人文性强时代性强可读性强中考阅读选材趋势中考阅读常见题型分类 细节理解题 猜测词义题 主旨大意题 文章结构题 推理判断题 逻辑还原题 预测结局题 写作意图题 语气态度题 写作手法题 判断体裁及出处题把握文章的事实和细节的能力针对文章的事实和细节，常见的提问方式有：Which of the following is right/true/wrong/isnt mentioned?The following are all right E

6、XCEPT _.用What/Which/When/Where/Why/How等提问.细节理解题The fans I bought for the girls were silk fans.They were also called“roun silk fans”.Fans of this kind were made of silk with paintings of beautiful women,birds or flowers.They were very popular with women of all ages.As for the boys,I picked the foldin

7、g fans from Rongchang,a place in the west of Chongqing.The folding fans were made of paper and bamboo and there were great paintings and calligraphy(书法)on them.49.The folding fans the writer bought were made in _A.Dazu B.RongchangC.Tongliang D.Wulong2020年重庆中考B卷C篇直接带入关键词查找 细节理解题B2020年重庆中考B卷A篇42.Li Hu

8、a learned by himself _ from February to April.A.from 8：30 am.to 11：30 am.B.from 11：50 am.to 1：00 pm.C.from 2：30 pm.to 4：30 pm.D.from 7：00 pm.to 9：30 pm.C转换关键词查找答案 细节理解题Last year,I went to Italy as an exchange student.Before leaving,I asked my mother what gifts I should take to the teachers and the s

9、tudents there.Mom said that the Chinese fan was a good choice,for China is praised as“the Fan Kingdom”.I couldnt agree more,because it is more than a tool for cooling.Its also an important part of Chinese culture.2020年重庆中考B卷C篇48.The writer went to Italy for _last year.A.learning B.travelingC.teachin

10、g D.shoppingASuch systems are going through tests in a small number of stores.One facial detection system can judge a persons“happiness”or“fear”level.That helps businesses see how people feel as they look at products or advertisements in the store.Another system can detect whether someone is wearing

11、 eyeglasses.If so,stores can send advertisements for new glasses to him.56.Facial detection technology can tell peoples _,according to the passage.A.weight B.feelings C.height D.jobsB2020年重庆中考B卷E篇Last year,I went to Italy as an exchange student.Before leaving,I asked my mother what gifts I should ta

12、ke to the teachers and the students there.Mom said that the Chinese fan was a good choice,for China is praised as“the Fan Kingdom”.I couldnt agree more,because it is more than a tool for cooling.Its also an important part of Chinese culture.48.The writer went to Italy for _last year.A.learning B.tra

13、velingC.teaching D.shopping 细节理解题转换关键词查找答案Something wet my eyes when he joked about his training years in Korea.He doubled his practice,pushing himself so hard as to be called“the trainee（练习生）like god”.He said it probably meant“the trainee like mad”.57.Zhang Yixing was called“the trainee like god”be

14、cause _.A.he kept his promise to his mumB.he pushed everything away from himC.he was really good at telling jokesD.he spent so much time in practicingD2019年重庆中考B卷E篇篇章细节理解后得出答案 细节理解题It began in the 1930s when an American farmer,Dan West,went to Spain to help people in need.He tried to feed the people

15、 with milk.But it seemed that there would never be enough milk.It made him think that what they needed was“not a cup,but a cow”.Dan West returned to America.He worked together with some friends to find ways to end hunger.He believed giving animals and providing training would stop world hunger.With

16、his help,Heifer International was set up.2018年重庆中考B卷D篇（）57.According to the passage,we know that Dan West_.A.set up a team in SpainB.helped people with enough fishC.was a Spanish farmerD.helped set up Heifer International.D 细节理解题篇章细节理解后得出答案 细节理解题细节理解题To find the detail,you should compare the choices

17、 with the original sentences.细节理解题 解题技巧解题技巧 根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力要求根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义，常见提问方式有：The word“_”in the passage probably means_.The underlined word“_”in the passage refers to_.Whats the meaning of the underlined word“_”in the passage?词义猜测题生词含生词含义的推断义的推断熟词生义熟词生义或在特定或在特定场合的意场合的意思思代词的代代词的代替涵义考替涵义考

18、察察词义猜测并不难词义猜测并不难 把握语境是关键把握语境是关键文中信息细分析文中信息细分析 反复斟酌定答案反复斟酌定答案 词义猜测题In order to help rural students grow taller and stronger.Chinas Nutrition（营养）Improvement Program started in 2011.According to the program,a lot more money was spent improving students meals.More than 36 million students from 134,000 p

19、rimary and junior high schools in poor rural areas have benefited from the program.They are provided with healthy food like eggs and milk from Monday to Friday at school.And the result of a survey shows that the students in those areas are much taller and stronger than before.（）61.The underlined wor

20、d“benefited”in Paragraph 2 means_in Chinese.A.逃离 B.获益C.受害D.赚钱此题属于超纲词涵义的推断。根据文章后学生在校能得到鸡蛋和牛奶，以及调查表明这个区域的学生比原来更高更强壮可知：学生从项目中“获益”B2017年重庆中考B卷D篇 词义猜测题超纲词汇推断超纲词汇推断Firstly,study yourself.Understand what you like,what you value and what you want to be.In studying yourself,you check your strengths(长处)and we

21、aknesses.Find out what you need to prepare for your dream job.Secondly,.Thirdly,.（）53.The underlined word“study”in Paragraph 3 probably means“_”in Chinese.A.学习 B.审视C.帮助D.调查此题属于熟词生意的考察。需猜测的词在主旨句，根据后文解释李华要了解自己喜欢的、自己珍视的、自己想成为什么等。故判断study意为“审视”。B2018年重庆中考B卷C篇 词义猜测题 熟词生义或在特定场合的意思熟词生义或在特定场合的意思 词义猜测题代词的代替涵

22、义考察代词的代替涵义考察 My father explained that if I looked for the best in people,I would get the best in return.From then on,Ive always tried to follow it in running my company.1.The word it refers to_ A.Do your best.B.Believe in yourself C.Look for the good in others instead of the weakness.D.Hold on to th

23、e last and never give up.今年第一次允许不加注解出现在题干中C1.Kangaroo(袋鼠)mothers have to carry their babies.2.Its really cold outside,and my hands are both .3.I could see nothing because the light was so .(育儿袋育儿袋)(冻僵了的冻僵了的,麻木的麻木的,失去知觉的失去知觉的)(昏暗的昏暗的)根据上下文提示猜测根据上下文提示猜测4.Though Karls face has been washed many times,hi

24、s ears still remain .(脏的脏的)pouchesnumbfaintgrubby 词义猜测题 解题技巧解题技巧1.1.根据单词的前缀根据单词的前缀(prefix)(prefix)与后缀与后缀(suffix)(suffix)进行猜词。进行猜词。如如 care careful carefully;im-;un-;dis-;-less 不、无 mis-错误 re-再、重复、重新 -ern 表方向 -er;-or;-ist 表示人 anti-反对2.根据根据“合成词合成词”（compound word）猜测。）猜测。如如under+ground underground down+st

25、airs downstairse.g.reappear anti-governmente.g.honeymoon nonsmoker 根据构词法判断根据构词法判断 词义猜测题 解题技巧解题技巧There are two kinds of tea:black tea and green tea.Black tea is fermented(发酵).In the process,the black tea loses almost all of its healthy qualities.But green tea retains its healthy qualities because its

26、 steamed(蒸炒)right after the leaves are picked.()What does the underlined word“retains”mean?A.Keeps.B.Makes.C.Produces.D.Loses.根据关键词推理根据关键词推理 词义猜测题 解题技巧解题技巧A依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力文中没有直接答案，需要在理解上下文甚至全文的基础上，结合常识进行合理的推断。常见提问方式有：1)We can guess the writer of the letter may be a _.2)We can infer from the

27、 text that_.3)What would be happy if?推理判断题58.We can infer from the passage that facial detection technology _A.can detect buyers names and record themB.is put inside some large advertising boardsC.may be used to sell cheaper goods in all storesD.may need some time before being widely used.Such syste

28、ms are going through tests in a small number of stores.One facial detection system can judge a persons“happiness”or“fear”level.That helps businesses see how people feel as they look at products or advertisements in the store.Another system can detect whether someone is wearing eyeglasses.If so,store

29、s can send advertisements for new glasses to him.Facial detection technology is also placed inside some large advertising boards.Cameras in those boards can detect information like peoples ages and five levels of feelings from “very happy”to“very unhappy”Supporters of the technology say it could imp

30、rove buyers experience by showing products they might like or by offering them products at lower prices.However,one store testing the technology explained they wouldnt store peoples information like names or ages.And the advertising board system maker said it didnt keep any personal information or r

31、ecord any videos.与文章观点相反，无法推断属于文章内容，不属于推理与文章观点不一致，无法推断D魏（未）：文章未提及；蜀（属）：属于问斩内容；吴（无）:无法推断出相关观点。推理判断题推理判断题 切忌主观乱猜测切忌主观乱猜测 回归原文动脑筋回归原文动脑筋To infer something,you should choose the reasonable information based on the given fact.推理判断题 解题技巧解题技巧 掌握所读材料的主旨和要义的能力 主要针对段落（或短文)的主题，主题思想，标题或目的，常见提问方式有：1)Which is the

32、 best title of the passage?2)In this passage the writer tries to tell us that_.3)This passage mainly talks about_.主旨大意题开门见山式（A卷 8 年3 考;B卷 2013B.65）（2020 重庆 A 卷阅读 D）Such robots could be especially useful for patients with Alzheimers disease（老年痴呆症）.They can help with everyday activities from preparing

33、 food to reminding（提醒）the patients of taking their medicine.They can also play games with patients to keep them active.54.The main idea of Paragraph 3 is_.A.what the robots can doB.what serious problems the robots cause C.what the old people can doD.what the old people think of the robots主题句出现在文首。开门

34、见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、论证或发展主题思想。根据本段后两句关键信息和 They can.和They can also.可知主要介绍了机器人的用途。故选A。A 主旨大意题藏头露尾式（A卷 2017A.63，2015A.61;B 卷 2016B.61）2015 重庆 A 卷阅读CIn April this year，lots of bags full of small change（零钱）were seen at bus stops Tianjin.They were made for passengers to turn their notes into small change.An

35、d such an idea came from four students from Zhongbei Middle School,Tianjin.The four boys feel very happy because they have done something good for the passengers.Their warm hearts are moving.More and more people are beginning to join in the activity.61.Whats the main idea of this passage?A.Making ch

36、ange bags is difcult.B.Pocket money can be helpful.C.Giving help brings us happiness.D.Every coin has two sides.主题句出现在文末。文章先阐述细节，然后归纳要点，得出结论，概括主题，即归纳写作法。此类文章的主题句往往位于末段，如本题。这篇短文主要讲述了四个学生做零钱包帮助乘客的事迹，也正是由于帮助了别人，他们获得了真正的快乐，综合全文，可知选C。C 主旨大意题首尾呼应式（B 卷 2018B.54，2017B.59）2017 重庆 B卷阅读 C节选China has been famou

37、s around the world since ancient times.In the past,we had the Four Great Inventions.Nowadays,more inventions and creations have made China stronger and greater in the world.China has made great progress in both science and technology.And it makes a great contribution（贡献）to humans,too.All of these ar

38、e changing the daily life of Chinese people,even of the people around the world.59.The passage mainly wants to tell us_.A.the Chinese scientists are better at science and technology than before B.the Four Great Inventions makes China strong and great in the world C.China has increased the internatio

39、nal influence with its development D.China has produced the new high-speed trains with the speed of 400km/h在有些文章中，为了突出主题，文章开头提出主题，接着进行阐述或论证，在结尾时再次点明主题，进一步深化主题。本题根据第一段划线的两个句子，再联系全文可知，文章介绍了中国从过去的四大发明到现在在科学技术领域的发展，展示了中国的发展对世界产生了巨大的影响力。C 主旨大意题 主题句主题句(topic sentence)常在一段的开头，也有可能在常在一段的开头，也有可能在段中或段末段中或段末,有

40、时候也贯穿在全文中，需要总结。有时候也贯穿在全文中，需要总结。To get the main idea,you should catch the key sentence and make a summary.主旨大意题解题技巧解题技巧2020重庆A卷阅读E“Humans can develop certain abilities we arent born with by practicing animals movements，”the traditional Chinese Wushu lovers believed in the pastand still do today.Chine

41、se Five Animal Exercises,also known as Wuqinxi,are the first complete set of qigong exercises following the movements of animals.The Five Animal Exercises are well designed to help blood circulation(循环).“The bear movements are good for the stomach.The tiger movements can reduce the pain in the back.

42、For those new learners,the first few exercises might not go well.You may find it hard to focus(集中注意力).Wear comfortable clothes，keep peaceful in your mind,try to move slowly.These exercises need no tools and they are easy to learn.Exercises are becoming more and more popular in recent years,not only

43、in China,but also in many other places of the world.文章结构题(A 卷：8年4考；B卷：8年5考)16.The structure of the passage may be _(Paragraph 1Paragraph 2Paragraph 3Paragraph 4Paragraph 5Paragraph 6)“分总”或“总分总”的结构方式解题的三个方面：一是段落的主题句；二是和段落主题密切相关的细节句；三是段落或句子之间的过渡句/段A有些文章或段落无明显的主题句有些文章或段落无明显的主题句,只是只是暗示性暗示性地地体现主题体现主题.这就要

44、求考生在阅读过程中根据文中这就要求考生在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的所叙述的事实事实或提供的或提供的线索线索来概括总结主旨大意来概括总结主旨大意难点难点：从段落中归纳要点抓大意，理清线索从段落中归纳要点抓大意，理清线索 文章结构题解题技巧 中考阅读复习策略1.稳定，准确是前提。2.两考合一要求基础部分占较大比例。3.核心素养要求思维品质和语言综合能力的提升4.阅读理解的题目设置不固化命题，任务型阅读的问题可能不仅仅局限于Why or why not,还可以让学生根据自己对文章的理解，猜测其结尾，续写文章。中考试题走向阅读理解是中考试卷中的重点，分值共35分。加上任务型阅读、完型填空、短文填空一起，所有篇章题考察占试卷分数的50%“读”的能力体现在读语言的字里行间。“读”的能力建立在词汇、语法的基础上 中考阅读复习策略理解词汇理解词汇理解词汇THANK YOU FOR YOUR LISTENING