2021年中考英语复习ppt课件之被动语态.ppt

1、专题七专题七 verbverb（动词）（动词）中考英语语法专题本专题内容适用于79年级学生本专题一般共需10课时第八课时 动词的语态之被动语态 passive voice 一、被动语态的构成和时态变化 二、主动语态变被动语态 三、主动表被动的动词 四、巩固练习1.八种时态的基本结构一般现在时 v原或第三人称单数;am/is/are一般过去时 动词过去式；was/were一般将来时 will be/do;am/is/are going to do;shall be过去将来时 would be/do现在进行时 am/is/are doing过去进行时 was/were doing现在完成时 hav

2、e/has done过去完成时 had done一、被动语态构成和时态变化2.被动语态概述：英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。例子主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。:Many people speak Chinese.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象Chinese is spoken by many people.一般现在时 一般将来时情态动词结构am/is/arewill be/am,is,are going to be can/could/might/may/must be一般过去时 现在完成时was/werehave/has been3.被动语态的构成被动语态的构成：基

3、本结构是：基本结构是“助动词助动词be+过去分词过去分词”be 动词各种时态的结构4.被动语态的谓语动词有各种时态变化，被动语态被动语态的谓语动词有各种时态变化，被动语态常见时态的动词形式常见时态的动词形式:一般现在时一般将来时含情态动词的被动语态am/is/are+vedwill be/am,is,are going to be+vedcan/could/might/may/must be+ved一般过去时现在完成时was/were+vedhave/has+been+vedQuiz 即学即练1，The Olympic Games _every four years.A are held B

4、were held Care holding Dwill ho1d2，We _into five groups to go to the old peoples home.We did many things to cheer them up.A.divided B.are divided C.were divided3，Some famous paintings _in the hall next week.A.will show B.were shown C.is shown D.will be shown4，-Great changes have taken place in this

5、city.-Right.Many modern tall buildings have been _ these days.A.turned up B.put up C.shown up D.fixed upQuiz 即学即练1，The Olympic Games A every four years.A are held B were held Care holding Dwill ho1d2，We C into five groups to go to the old peoples home.We did many things to cheer them up.A.divided B.

6、are divided C.were divided3，Some famous paintings D in the hall next week.A.will show B.were shown C.is shown D.will be shown4，-Great changes have taken place in this city.-Right.Many modern tall buildings have been _B_ these days.A.turned up B.put up C.shown up D.fixed up二、主动语态变被动语态的方法1.把主动语态的宾语变成被

7、动语态的主语。2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be+过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in+地点名词作状语。1）My aunt invited me to her dinner party.主语 谓语 宾语 I was invited (by my aunt)to her dinner party.主语 谓语 宾语2）The school set up a special class to help poor readers.主语 谓语 宾语 A special cl

8、ass to help poor readers was set up in the school.主语 谓语 宾语Quiz：把下列主动语态改为被动语态:1.We often use a recorder in our English class.2.Have they posted the letter yet?.3.The cinema will show a new film next week.4.My father told me an interesting story yesterday.Quiz：把下列主动语态改为被动语态:1.We often use a recorder i

9、n our English class.A recorder is often used(by us)in our English class.2.Have they posted the letter yet?Has the letter been posted(by them)yet?3.The cinema will show a new film next week.A new film will be shown in the cinema next week.4.My father told me an interesting story yesterday.An interest

10、ing story was told to me by my father yesterday.I was told an interesting story by my father yesterday.语态转换时要注意的问题例子把主动语态变为被动语态：谓语动词时态时态要与原句时态保持一与原句时态保持一致致谓语动词的数数要与新主语保持一致与新主语保持一致 We have bought a new computer.A new computer has been bought.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句：可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。My uncle

11、gave me a present on my birthday.I was given a present on my birthday.如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词A present was given to me yesterday.注意：一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如：bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,pay,promise,sell,show,take,teach,tell 等。My bike was lent to her.3，含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+动词过去分词He should

12、finish the job tonight.The job should be finished tonight.被动语态的基本用法例子要用被动语态：当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者需要强调动作的承受者The cotton is grown in that farm.2、我们关心动作的承受者但也关心动作的执行者，要用被动语态。Nahan was written by Lu Xun.3、表示科学性及客观性，在新闻报道和科技文章中用得较多。Many of the stars cannot be seen because they are too far away.常见的句

13、型结构如下：It is（was）agreed（believed/decided/hoped/thought.）that.大家同意（相信、决定、希望、认为）.It is（was）well known that.众所周知It is（was）said（reported，heard，told，suggested）that.据说（报道、听说、告知、建议.）主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况例子1、一些表示感觉、感官的连系动词如：feel，sound，taste，look等后面接形容词作表语，形式上是主动的，意思上表示被动。She sounds nice.She has a beautiful voice.她

14、唱得很好，她有一副好嗓子。Your father looks very angry.Whats the matter?你爸爸看起来很生气，怎么了？三、主动形式表示被动意义三、主动形式表示被动意义 英语中有主动和被动之分，并都以特定的形式出现。而非所有的主动句式都表示主动意义，有些句子形式是主动的，而意义却是被动的。就其在英语中的具体运用，从以下几个方面加以归纳。2、一些表达事物行为、方式的动词如：wash,sell,write,say,open等，习惯以主动形式表示被动的含义。因这样用更简洁更符合英美人的习惯尤其在口语中。The shop was quite new,for it had op

15、ened only the week before.This kind of cloth washes very well.The door opened and in came Mr.White.The book sells well.3、表示“发生，进行”之类不及物动词如：happen，last，take place，break out，go on，go by，move on等，以主动式表示被动含义。Youd better wait and see what happens to him.Over 500 people were working in the building when t

16、he fire broke out on the 11th floor.Quiz 小试牛刀小试牛刀1，Books of this kind _ well.A.sell B.sells C.are sold D.is sold2,One of his stories _very interesting.A.is sounded B.are sounded C.sounds D.sound3,The cloth_ well and _ long.A.washes,lasts B.is washed,lasted C.washes,is lasted D.is washing,lastingQuiz

17、 小试牛刀小试牛刀1，Books of this kind _A_ well.A.sell B.sells C.are sold D.is sold2,One of his stories _C_very interesting.A.is sounded B.are sounded C.sounds D.sound3,The cloth_A_ well and _ long.A.washes,lasts B.is washed,lasted C.washes,is lasted D.is washing,lasting用适当时态和语态的动词填空:1.Can he _(speak)English

18、?2.What language _(speak)in that country?3.The film _(show)many times since last Sunday.4.These TV sets _(make)in Si Chuan.5.It has got so dark.Would you please _(turn)on the light?6.A new hospital _(build)in this area now.7._ the book _(return)?8.Rice _(grow)in the south.9.The window _(not break)by

19、 the boy.10.I _(tell)he _(not come)just now.四、巩固练习用适当时态和语态的动词填空:1.Can he speak(speak)English?2.What language is spoken(speak)in that country?3.The film has been shown(show)many times since last Sunday.4.These TV sets were made(make)in Si Chuan.5.It has got so dark.Would you please turn(turn)on the l

20、ight?6.A new hospital is being built (build)in this area now.7.Has the book been returned (return)?8.Rice grows(grow)in the south.9.The window wasnt broken(not break)by the boy.10.I was told(tell)he would not come(not come)just now.四、巩固练习中考真题中考真题1.（2021湖南湘潭）Asisknowntoall,the2022WinterOlympics_inChi

21、na.AisheldBwillholdCwillbeheld2.（2021湖南怀化）InthebigearthquakeofGansu,people_tothesafeplacesbythearmy.AtakeBtookCweretaken3.（2021江苏南京）Ourschoollibrary_withplants,lovelydesksandchairs,soIfeelrelaxedwhilestudyingorreadingthere.AdecoratesBdecoratedCisdecoratedDwasdecorating4.（2021河北）Thetrip_reallyexcitin

22、gtome.HowIwishtogo!AsoundsBsmellsCtastesDfeels5.（2021湖北武汉）Didyounoticethestudents_afewwhyquestionsinMr.Zhangsclass?Yes,Ithinkhewantedtotraintheirabilitiesofdeepthinking.AareaskedBmustbeaskedChavebeenaskedDwereasked6.（2021天津）TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecartoonhero.Today,he_bypeopleofallages.AwillloveBwaslovedCislovedDwillbelovedCCCADC时态结构一般现在时am/is/are+done 一般过去时was/were+done一般将来时will be/is/are going to be done一般过去将来时would be/was/were going to be done现在完成时have/has been done过去完成时 had been done含情态动词的被动语态的结构can/could/shall/should/must be done课题总结主动变被动注意时态、人称和数，常用系动词等可主动表被动，有些动词或词组无被动。