2021年中考英语语法复习ppt课件之介词.pptx

1、NHN绝缘纸http:/ 词PREPOSITION01 介词定义及分类02时间介词03方位介词其他用途介词目 录04Part 1介词定义及分类介词定义介词是英语中最活跃的词，连接单词或短语到句中介词连词连接一个句子到句中1.I met you_the shop2._dinner,I took a walk.inAfter1.I met you_I was shopping.2._I had eaten dinner,I took a walk.whenAfter介词短语连词成句介词分类1.从结构上分，可分为简单介词（in、on、at、for等）、合成介词（within、without、insi

2、de、outside）、短语介词（because of、instead of）等。2.从含义上分，可分为表示时间（at、in、on、before等）、地点（at、in、on、under等）、趋向（to、toward、across等）、原因（for、with等）等介词。Part 2时间介词1._ the morning 2._ the afternoon3._ the evening 4._ August 5._spring 6._ 1999inonat1._ Monday 2._ Sunday morning3._ the morning of April 1st 4._ May 2nd 5.

3、_Childrens Day 1._ 6:00 2._ 6:15 3._ 7 oclock4._ 8 aminininininin泛指一段时间ononononon具体某一天atatatat精确的时间1.in、on、atin加上下午晚月季年on加具体某一天at要加时间点黎明午夜at填午晚夜前有修饰介词用on放在前“这个、那、上下、每个”前in、at、on都不填at要加时间点黎明午夜at填at six oclock 在在6点钟点钟 At half past eleven 在在11点半点半 at dawn,at daybreak 在黎明时候在黎明时候at dusk 在黄昏在黄昏 at noon 在中

4、午在中午 at night 在夜间在夜间 at midnight 在午夜在午夜 at the weekend 在周末在周末I get up at six oclock in the morning.(泛指)我在早上六点起床。He arrived here on the morning of December 1st.(特指)他在12月1日的上午到达这儿。注意“这个、那、上下、每个”前 in、at、on都不填在时间词（morning,afternoon,evening;Sunday）前有last,next,this,that时，不再用介词.tomorrow,tonight前也不用介词。eg.I

5、will go to the cinema this evening.Exercise1._ night 2._ a cold night 3._ the morning 4._the morning of April 10th 5._ a quarter to seven 6._ a hot noon7._ a fine afternoon 8._ 2012 9._ fine afternoons 每逢10._ Sundays11._Sunday evening 12._ a rainy afternoon 13._ rainy afternoons14._ last Sunday aton

6、inonatononinononononon2.for、since、in1.for+段时间，表示持续了多久，提问how long I have been a teacher for 10 years.2.since+过去的某个点时间，表示自从.时候起 I have been a teacher since 2010.I have been a teacher since he left Zhuzhou.3.in 后加时间段表示“在后”，一般用于将来时,提问how soon We will meet again in two weeks.how often.?多久一次？Once a weekho

7、w many times?多少次？Twice1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in this factory _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 10 minutes.4.He will come back _half an hour.5.Mr.Smith has worked here _he came to China.6.His grandpa has been dead _ several years.forsinceforinsincefor（1）

8、before表示“在之前”eg.He takes a shower before bed.（2）after表示“在之后”。eg.I play football after school 3.before&afterExercise1.He went home _ the meeting.2.I watch TV _ I go to bed.3.He brushes teeth _ breakfast.afterbeforebefore(1)by表示表示“在在前前(时间时间)；不迟于；不迟于.;到到.为止为止 eg.I will finish my homework by 5:00pm.(2)u

9、ntil/till用于否定句中，用于否定句中，not until意为意为“直到直到才才”eg.I worked until 7:00pm4.by&utill/tillExercise1.I will stay at the party_ midnight.2.I will start this project _ this Sunday.untilby(1)during在期间(后决不能跟表数字的名词)Theyaregoingtohaveagoodrestduringthe summerholidays.暑假中他们打算好好休息一下。(2)through一直（从开始到结束）Theyplayedth

10、ecardsthroughthenight.他们打了一整夜的牌。HestayedinLondonthroughthewinter.他整个冬天都待在伦敦。5.during&throughduring在期间后加事件 during my dinner during my trip within 在.之内 后接时间段（数字+时间单位）within 3 days 6.during&withinfrom.to.从.到.相当于between.and.from dawn to dusk 从早到晚 from 2：00 to 4:00 from May to October 7.from.to.Exercise1

11、.Over 10，000 runners joined a half and a mini marathons in Nanjing _ May 7,2017.Ain Bon Cat Dby2.We all like watching the TV programme Readers _ Saturday evening.Ain Bon Cat Dfor3.More and more young people go skating _ winter.Aat Bin Con Dto4.When will the graduation ceremony be held?Oh.It will be

12、held _ 9 am.next Friday.Dont be late.Aon Bat CinExercise5.He has been a teacher _ six years ago and he has been here _ 3 years.Afor;for Bsince;for Cfor;since Dsince;since6.He was born _ October,2002.Aat Bfor Cin Dafter7.Does your brother usually get up _ half past six _ the morning?Ain;in Bat;at Cat

13、;in Din;at8.When is Jays concert?Its _ three oclock _ the afternoon of July 18th.Aat;in Bat;on Con;in Din;on9._ the past years,he has worked hard at English.A.Before B.After C.During10.He wont come back _ five.A.atB.afterC.until11.The work must be finished _ Friday.A.atB.byC.after12.Youd better chec

14、k your bag again _ you leave.A.inB.beforeC.by ExercisePart 3方位介词1.at the village,at home,at the corner of the street.2.in Shanghai,in the country,in Asia,in the world,in space 3.in the box,on the chair,under the desk,next to Kate,on the right of Lucy,in front of the house,behindthe door 表示小地方用at表示大地

15、方用in表示不同地方用具体不同的介词 1.in、at、on辨析 in+大地区（国、省、城）in Englandat the bookstoreon the farm at+小场所（具体功能）on+平面左右边经常用到的词组stay/live/arrive in+大地区at+小场所易混淆的词组in the library 在图书馆里面at the library 在图书馆Exercise1.He arrived _Shanghai yesterday.Ain Bon Cat Dfor2.They arrived _the hotel before dark.Aon Bat Cin3.My uncl

16、e live _ F12 _the fifth floor.A.at,on B.in,on C.on,at4.They arrived _Beijing at 12:00 and waited for a bus _ the station to the hotel.A.at,in B.in,on C.in,attheat the school 在学校at school 在上学有the是本意，无the是功能theat the church在教堂at church 做礼拜有the是本意，无the是功能theby the sea在海边 by sea 乘船有the是本意，无the是功能theby t

17、he hand在手边 by hand 手工有the是本意，无the是功能另in the tree在树上（外来物）on the tree 在树上（长在）in VS on另in the wall在墙上（镶嵌）on the wall 在墙上（挂在表面）in VS on另in the newspaper在报纸上（内容）on the newspaper 在报纸上（位置）in VS on另in the sun阳光下under the sun 普天之下in VS onExercise1.There is an interesting article _ the newspaper.2.You are the

18、 best mother _the sun.3.Dont read _the sun.4.The bird is sining_the tree.5.Lets pick apples_the tree.6.Please put up the map_the wall.7.You can look in through the hole_the wall.inunderininononin2.in、on、to辨析in-表示一个地方在另一个地方的范围内eg.Shanghai is in the east of China.on-表示两地接壤相邻eg.Russia is on the north o

19、f China.to-表示两地相隔eg.Japan is to the east of China.内in外连on，to外不接壤介词与方向NorthSouthWestEast东 南 西 北一 生 为 你 E S W N注意in the east 在东部in the East 在英国本土东部北南东西NortheastSoutheastNorthwestSouthwest东北东南西南西北方位图示in 在.里面on在.上面over在.正上方above在.上方off脱离across穿过表面through穿透（内）into进入out of 出来along 沿着around 围绕Exercise1.The

20、 boy is running _the street to get to the other side.2.Its 8:00am,students are coming_the classroom.3.I enter the room_the window.acrossintothroughunder在.正下方below在.下方3.on、over、under、above、belowon 在.上面，表面互相接触 eg.There is an apple on the tableover 在.正上方 eg.There is a bridge over the Changjiang river.u

21、nder 在.正下方 eg.They sat under a big apple tree,drinking.above 在.上方或位置高出.eg.A bird flew above our heads.below在.下方；低于.eg.The ship disappeared below the horizon.Exercise1.Our plane flew _ the clouds.2.Be careful,there is a heavy box_ your head.3.The sun is_ the mountain in the east.4.There are some stam

22、ps_the desk.5.The position he pointed to was _ the sea level.6.The little mouse is _ the table,so it is not easy to find it.overaboveoverbeneathbelowunderonoveraboveonabove/belowunder4.near、by、beside、next tonear 在.附近 eg.A bank was built near our school.by/beside 在.旁边 eg.We both looked down at the ne

23、wspaper beside him.next to 在.旁边 eg.Who is the boy standing next to you?Exercise1.The new building _ the bookstore is a cinema.2.Dont play _ the road.3.She stood_ the window.next tonearby5.between、among、around、outside、inside、beyondbetween 在.之间（两者之间）eg.This sheep went between China and Japan.among 在.之

24、间（指三者以上）eg.He identified his baggage among hundreds of others.around 在.周围，围绕 eg.The are many trees and flowers around the house.5.between、among、around、outside、inside、beyondoutside 在.范围之外 eg.It feels cold outside.inside 在.内 eg.Go inside the house.beyond 超过；越过 eg.What Jack had done was beyond my compr

25、ehension.Exercise1.A big crowd of people were waiting for Li Lida on the beach._ them were his parents.2.Tom sits _Lucy and Lily.3.There was a fight_the two boys.4.I saw him_the crowd.5.Im standing_a house and a big tree.6.There is a small village_these mountains.7.His salary in this month is _ 10,0

26、00 dollars.Amongbetweenbetweenamongbetweenamongbeyond6.in front of,in the front of,behindin front of 在.前面（范围外）eg.A river flows in front of the house.in the front of 在.前面（范围内）eg.There is a computer in the front of the classroom.behind 在.后面 eg.He sat behind me.7.along、across、throughalong 沿着、顺着 eg.I sa

27、w them running together along the road yesterday.across 横穿，强调从表面、外部穿过 eg.Its so much safer to get across the road with traffic lights.through 穿过，强调从内部穿过 eg.The moonlight poured in through the window.Exercise1.It took them 6 weeks to walk _ the great desert.2.I walked _ the forest/the crowd.3.The moo

28、nlight went _ the window.4.He studied the sky _ the telescope.5.He swam _ the river within 5 minutes.throughacrossthroughthroughacrossPart 4其他介词besides:除除以外，（还有）。作副词时意思是以外，（还有）。作副词时意思是“而且，更何况而且，更何况”。except:除去，除除去，除之外（不再有）。之外（不再有）。except for:除了除了（对句子主题进行细节校正或附加说明）（对句子主题进行细节校正或附加说明）后接名词、代词或后接名词、代词或wha

29、t从句从句except+从句从句:除了除了一点以外。一点以外。1.besides、except、except for、except thatExercise1.It was too late to see a film,and _,I was tired.2.We all went _ John.3.He was very clever _ carelessness.4.He has not changed _ he is wearing dark glasses.besidesexceptexcept forexcept that1.I can speak Japanese,_ Englis

30、h and Chinese.2.What did you want _ these?3.I go to school every day_ Sunday.4.Nobody came_ me.5.Your picture is good _ some of the colours.6.Smith is a good man,_ his bad temper.7.The movie was good _ the ending.除了这些东西外，你还要什么？（包括these）除了英语和中文，我还会说日语。besidesbesidesexceptexceptexcept forexcept forexc

31、ept forExerciseIn:使用语言、材料、声音使用语言、材料、声音;具体的确交通工具等具体的确交通工具等With:表示用具体的工具表示用具体的工具,或用身体的某部位或用身体的某部位By:表泛指的交通工具方式、或其它手段表泛指的交通工具方式、或其它手段;通过做通过做(by doing)on：多用于固定词组多用于固定词组_ telephone(radio),但但_ the phone/the radio/_ TV(电讯器材电讯器材)，_ hand 但但 _ ones hands_ bus(road)/car/by bike但但_ the red bus,_ my car,_ his bi

32、ke,_foot_ a pen/pencil但但 _ ink/pencilHe killed the dog _ a stone _ hitting it.The novel was written _ easy English.另外：另外：by means of 用用方法，方法，by way of 经由，取道于经由，取道于byononbywithbyininonwithinwithby2.in、with、by、ononineg.We talk in English.(使)用某种语言eg.You can solve this problem in this way.in this way用这种

33、方式in different ways 用不同的方式 用的方式in+颜色表示穿衣/带帽 With+具体衣服/眼镜等 The girl in green looks very beautiful.The girl with green skirt looks very beautiful.in的用法eg.We see with our eyes and hear with our ears.使用人体器官做某事eg.Chinese usually eat with chopsticks.使用某一工具eg.With the money,they built some schools in the p

34、oor area.使用(利用)某材料(金钱等)with的用法3.be made of&be made frombe made of 由.制成,可看出原材料 The kite is made of paper The desks are made of wood.be made from由.制成，看不出原材料 The paper is made from wood Bread is made from wheat 1.The desk is made _ wood.2.Paper is made_ wood.3.This kind of watch is made _Shanghai.4.The

35、 old bridge is made_stone.5.This kind of drink is made_ apple.ofExercisefrominoffrom4.for、from、of、withfor：因为.词组：be famous for Wuhan is famous for its delicious food.from由于.(外在的原因)The problem simply resulted from a difference of opinions of 由于.(内在的原因)The old woman laughed into tears of happiness.with

36、表示“由外在影响到肉体或心理”的原因 He shouted loudly with anger.5.like&aslike 像.一样，如同 He looks like Father Christmas.as 作为，以.的身份 We selected him as our monitor.6.against&foragainst 反对 for 赞同，支持 Are you for or against the plan?Exercise1.I cant see Lucy because she is _the tree.Ain front of Bbehind Cnext to2.Nora ope

37、ned the box.To her surprise,_it was a gold watch.Aoutside Binside Cbeside Dbehind3.A woman stood _the window,watching the children playing games in the garden.Apast Bthrough Cacross Dby 4Music has become a bridge _the East and the West.Ain Bat Camong Dbetween5.Shirley is still waiting for her flight

38、 to New York City _the airport.Aat Bunder Con Dwith6.How can I get to the Slender West Lake Park?You can drive _the Da Hongqiao Bridge and its on your right.Apast Bover Cacross Dbeyond7.US people like to have a barbecue in a park,_ a lake or in their backyard.Abeside Bbelow Cin Dover 8.How do you study for a test?I study listening to tapes.Aat Bby Cto Din9.Your best friend is really talented _learning foreign languages.Yes,he is also good _ other subjects.Ain;with Bat;for Cin;at Dat;to10.This is a private letter _ Tom.Nobody else can open it.Afor Bwith Cfrom DaboutTHANKS