2022年人教版中考英语分题型复习：情境交际ppt课件.pptx

1、情境交际2022中考英语分题型复习中考英语分题型复习命题特点情景交际主要考查新课标规定的情景交际主要考查新课标规定的交际功能项目交际功能项目和和交际语言的交际语言的灵活运用能力灵活运用能力,充分反映出语言的交际功能。充分反映出语言的交际功能。情景交际话题广泛情景交际话题广泛,常考话题包括常考话题包括:请求允许、寻求或提供帮助、请求允许、寻求或提供帮助、问路与指路、打电话、赞扬、购物、就餐、祝愿与祝贺、表示道问路与指路、打电话、赞扬、购物、就餐、祝愿与祝贺、表示道歉、遗憾与同情以及日常问候等话题。学生可结合不同话题、不歉、遗憾与同情以及日常问候等话题。学生可结合不同话题、不同情景做好相应复习。同

2、情景做好相应复习。常见的情境交际1.1.问路及应答的交际用语。问路及应答的交际用语。(1)问路时,首先说 Excuse me,意思是“请原谅”“请问”“劳驾”,表示因为打扰而道歉,然后再问路。常见的问路方式有以下几种:Excuse me.Can you tell me the w ay to.?劳驾,请告诉我去(地方)怎么走?Excuse me.How can I get to.?劳驾,请问怎样去(地方)?Excuse me,please,where is.?劳驾,请问去的路怎么走?(2)应答时可根据实际情况作答。常用的应答方式有以下几种应答时可根据实际情况作答。常用的应答方式有以下几种:It

3、s about.meters from here.它离这里大约米远。Its about.yards/meters down this street.沿着这条街走约码/米就到了。Go straight ahead till you see.一直向前走直到你看到(地方)为止。Go down along this street.沿着这条街一直走。Take this street/road.走这条街/大路。Go through the gate and youll find the entrance to.穿过大门,你就会看到的入口处。Go down/along this street till yo

4、u get to.沿着这条街走到(地方)为止。Turn right/left at the first/second crossing.在第一/二个十字路口向右/左转。Youd better take a taxi/a mini bus/the N o.5 bus.你最好坐出租车/乘小公共汽车/乘 5 路公共汽车。常见的情境交际2.2.看病时的交际用语。看病时的交际用语。(1)医生询问病情时的常用语。医生询问病情时的常用语。What can I do for you?你看什么病?Whats wrong/the matter/the trouble with you?你有什么不舒服?Is the

5、re anything wrong with you?有什么不舒服吗?(2)病人诉说病情时的常用语。病人诉说病情时的常用语。I feel terrible/bad/ill/sick.我感到很不舒服。I dont feel well./Im not feeling well.我感到不舒服。Im not in good health.我身体不好。There is something wrong with.我的有毛病。常见的情境交际I have/have got.我有。My back/nose hurts/aches.我的背/鼻子痛。(3)医生看完病后对病人提出医嘱时的常用语。医生看完病后对病人提出

6、医嘱时的常用语。Its nothing serious.病不重/不要紧。Youd better have a good rest.你最好好好休息。Take this medicine three times a day.这药每天吃三次。Drink plenty of water and have a good rest.多喝水,好好休息。You have a high temperature.你发烧了/你体温过高。Youd better go to bed.Dont get up until you feel better.你最好睡一觉,感觉好一点再起床。常见的情境交际3.3.打电话时的交际用

7、语。打电话时的交际用语。(1)当电话拨不通时。当电话拨不通时。The line is busy.I cant get through.电话占线,我打不通。(其中 line 指电话线路,get through 指接通电话)(2)电话拨通后相互打招呼。电话拨通后相互打招呼。Hello.(name or telephone number)你好。(告知本人的姓名或电话号码)Hello,is that.speaking?你好,你(您)是吗?Who is that speaking/calling?你是谁?Who is speaking/calling,please?请问你是谁?应答时常说应答时常说:Ye

8、s,(this is).speaking.是的,我是Yes,its.here.是的,我是常见的情境交际2(3)打电话请对方找人或留言。打电话请对方找人或留言。Is.at home?在家吗?Can/May/Could I speak to.,please?请接电话好吗?Will/Would you give a message to.,please?请给捎个口信好吗?Would you tell him my telephone number,please?请你把我的电话号码告诉他好吗?Can/Could you ask.to ring me back,please?请叫给我回个电话好吗?应答时

9、常说应答时常说:Hold on/Wait a minute/One moment,please.请稍等。Im sorry,.is not at home now.对不起,现在不在。Can I take a message for you?需要我帮你留言吗?Ill ask him to call you back.我叫他给你回电话。常见的情境交际4.4.表示劝告和建议的交际用语。表示劝告和建议的交际用语。(1)Youd better(not)do.你最好(不要)做You should do.你应该做 You need to do.你需要做(2)Why dont you do.?为什么不做呢?Wh

10、y not do.?为什么不做呢?注意:这是以反问的方式提出劝告或建议,含有建议对方去做某事的意思,而不是询问对方不去做某事的原因。(3)What/How about+名词/代词/动名词?这种句型表达随便的建议,有征求对方意见的意思,多数情况下是建议和对方一起做某事。常见的情境交际2(4)Shall we.?这种句型用于建议对方与自己一起做,是一种普通的表示建议的方法。它和“Lets.”或“Shall we.?”句型可以互换,在回答时,如果赞成这个建议,常用“Yes,lets.”或“OK,lets.”。(5)用 Lets开头的祈使句。这是最普通的表达建议的方法,建议对方和自己一起做什么,Let

11、s后接动词原形。句尾可加上“shall w e?”“O K?”等用于征求对方意见的语句,从而使语气委婉得多。常见的情境交际对对方的建议表示同意时常用的答语:Great!太好了!Thats a good idea.真是个好主意。对对方的建议表示不同意,或根本不能满足对方的要求而表示歉意时的常用答语答语:Im afraid that.我担心/恐怕Im afraid not.恐怕不行。常见的情境交际25.谈论天气情况的交际用语。谈论天气情况的交际用语。西方人谈论天气是日常话题,所以无论是熟人还是陌生人,在一起交谈时常以谈论天气导入。It is raining/blowing/snowing,isnt

12、 it?下雨了/刮风了/下雪了,对吗?Itis+adj./n.(today).今天的天气以上这类句子都是用来发表对天气的看法的。“Itis+adj./n.(today).”中间用表示天气情况的形容词或名词,应答时可以说“Y es,it is.”。询问天气情况时可说:Whats the weather like today?/How is the weather today?今天天气怎样?Whats the weather going to be like.?天气将怎样?应答时可说:Its fine/w arm/cold/hot.天气很暖和/冷/热Its going to be fine/war

13、m/cold/hot.天气将会很晴朗/暖和/冷/热常见的情境交际6.6.请求允许和应答的交际用语。请求允许和应答的交际用语。(1)Can I/Could I/M ay I.?我可不可以?这个是请求对方允许自己做某事的最普通的交际用语,其中“Could I.?”语气最婉转;“M ay I.?”常用在比较正式的场合;“Can I.?”用得最广泛。对于所提出的请求表示允许或同意时,可说:Yes./Sure./Certainly.当然可以。Of course,you m ay.当然可以。Yes,do please.请吧。Go ahead,please.请吧。Thats O K./All right.好

14、的。常见的情境交际对于所提出的请求表示不允许或不同意时对于所提出的请求表示不允许或不同意时,可说可说:No,please dont.请不要。Im sorry you cant.对不起,你不可以。Im sorry,but.对不起,Youd better not.你最好别(2)Do you mind if I do.?这是用来表示请求许可的交际用语。句中的 mind 作“介意”“反对”解。整句的意思是“如果我做某事,你反对/介意吗?”或“我做某事,好吗?”。常见的情境交际注意:当我们用“Do you mind if.?”时,if 从句中的谓语动词一般用现在时;当我们用“Would you mind

15、 if.?”时,if 从句中的谓语动词一般用过去时,这时语气更加婉转。应答时应答时,如果表示如果表示“允许允许/不介意不介意”,常说常说:No,I dont mind.我不介意/我允许。Certainly not./Of course not.当然不介意。No,go ahead.不介意,你做吧。Not at all.一点也不介意。如果表示如果表示“不允许不允许/介意介意”时时,常说常说:Im sorry you cant.很抱歉,你不能Im afraid.恐怕Im afraid its not allowed.恐怕这是不允许的。常见的情境交际7.7.表示邀请与应答的交际用语。表示邀请与应答的交

16、际用语。(1)用一般疑问句形式。用一般疑问句形式。“Will/Would/Can/Could you com e to.?”此句型用于被邀请人接受的可能性较大时,表示“请您来好吗?”。如:Will you com e to take part in my party?你来参加我的聚会好吗?“Would you like+名词(代词)/不定式/sb.+不定式?”此句型表示“你愿意?”或“你是否愿意?”,此时邀请人不知对方是否接受邀请,是商量、询问及试探性的邀请、请求或表示个人的想法、看法。如:Would you like to go there with him?你愿意与他一道去那儿吗?常见的情

17、境交际回答时可说回答时可说:Yes,Id like/love to.好的,我愿意。Yes,Id be happy to.好的,我很乐意。Yes,its very kind/nice of you to invite me.好的,能邀请我,你真是太好了。Yes,its very kind of you.你真是太好了,谢谢。(2)用陈述句形式。用陈述句形式。“Id like(sb.)to do.”是向某人发出邀请的常见句式,表示“希望/想叫(某人)做某事”,常与 would 连用,是一种客气的邀请。如:Id like to invite you to see a film with me.我想请你

18、和我一起去看电影。Id like/love to,but Im very busy.我很想去,但我很忙。常见的情境交际类似委婉拒绝的表达法类似委婉拒绝的表达法:Id love to,but Im afraid.我想去,但恐怕Thank you for inviting me./Its very kind of you to invite me,but Im busy.谢谢你邀请我。/能邀请我,你真是太好了,但我很忙。常见的情境交际8.8.表示感谢与应答的交际用语。表示感谢与应答的交际用语。Thank you./Thanks.谢谢。Thank you very much.非常感谢。Thank y

19、ou so much./Thanks a lot.多谢。Thats most kind of you.你真好。Youre kind!你真好!如果别人想为你办事,可你觉得不必麻烦他人或者别人替你办事没有办成但你还要表达感谢,这时你可以说:Thank you just the same.同样感谢您的好意。Thank you all the same.还是要感谢您。常见的情境交际在回答别人的感谢时,常说:Youre welcome.不客气。Not at all.没事儿。Dont mention it.不用谢。Its my pleasure.我很乐意效劳。No trouble at all.一点也不麻

20、烦。It was the least I could do.这是我应该做的。Im glad I could do it.我很高兴能这么做。Thats all right.没关系/不用谢。常见的情境交际9.9.表示祝愿、祝贺及应答的交际用语。表示祝愿、祝贺及应答的交际用语。(1)当某人取得成功时的用语。Congratulations(to you)!祝贺你!(2)当某人外出旅行时的用语。Good luck with your trip!祝你(们)旅途平安!Have a good trip/journey.=I wish you a good trip/journey.祝你旅途愉快。/祝你一路顺风

21、。Have a nice/pleasant/wonderful time!祝你玩得开心!(3)当某人过生日时的用语。Happy birthday to you!生日快乐!Thank you!谢谢!常见的情境交际(4)当某人即将做某事时的用语。I will take the exam tomorrow.我明天将参加考试。Good luck(to you)!/I wish you success!祝你好运!/祝你成功!注:上述几点中祝愿(贺)的回答可用:Thanks./Thank you./Thanks a lot./Its kind of you to say so.谢谢/谢谢您/多谢/谢谢你这

22、么说。(5)在公共节日里的用语。Happy New Year(to you)!新年快乐!Thanks.The same to you!/Happy New Year to you,too!谢谢!你也一样!/也祝你新年快乐!常见的情境交际210.10.购物时的交际用语。购物时的交际用语。(1)招呼顾客的用法。Can I help you?/What can I do for you?你想要点什么?Good morning.Do you want something?早上好。你想要点什么?(2)顾客告诉店员想买什么时的用语。Id like to buy a bike.我想要一辆自行车。Can I

23、see some of your shoes?我看一下鞋子好吗?Can you show me a mans shirt?你可以给我看一下男式衬衣吗?Do you have any bananas?你有香蕉吗?I need a pair of shoes.我需要一双鞋子。常见的情境交际(3)店员询问顾客想买什么时的用语。Can I get you anything else?您还要点儿什么吗?What would you like to see?你想看看什么呢?What size/color do you want?你想要多大/什么颜色的?(4)询问、说明价格的用语。How much does

24、 it cost?/How much shall I pay for it?多少钱?It costs 5 dollars./Thatll be 30 pounds.5 美元。/30 英镑。常见的情境交际11.11.表示同意和不同意的交际用语。表示同意和不同意的交际用语。Certainly./Sure./Of course.当然了。Yes,I think so.是的,我也这样认为。No,I dont think so.不,我认为不是这样。Thats a good idea.这真是一个好主意。I agree with you.我同意你。I dont agree with you.我不同意。Im a

25、fraid not.恐怕不行。Im afraid so.恐怕如此。I really cant agree.我不同意。常见的情境交际12.12.就餐的交际用语。就餐的交际用语。What would you like to have?你想要吃什么?Would you like something to eat/drink?你想要吃的/喝的东西吗?Id like.我要Would you like some more?再来点吗?Help yourself to some.随便吃些Thank you.I have had enough./Im full.谢谢,我吃饱了。Just a little,ple

26、ase.请来一点儿。常见的情境交际真题剖析1.“1.“单项选择单项选择”考交际。考交际。现在,“对话式”单项选择题已经成为考查的重点题型。题干虽然提供了一个小语境,但常存在省略现象,所以,考生要通过上下文来揣测某些时态、词义等。例 1 Youve done a good job._.A.Dont mention it B.Not very goodC.Its very kind of you to say so D.Thats not true【解析】要根据英美人的风俗习惯来考虑问题。对于别人的赞美之词,英美人比较自信,常用“Thank you.”或“Its kind of you to sa

27、y so.”。故选C。C32.“2.“对话应用对话应用”考交际。考交际。做这种题目,首先跳过空格,通览全文,领会大意,把握对话的主题,对整个对话内容做到心中有数,然后根据语境,逐句细读,依句填词或选择答案。例 2(Two girls are hanging out in a shopping mall.)L=Laura,A=Ann,S=shop assistantL:My mothers birthday is coming.What could I do for her?A:(1)_?L:A big party?No,she likes to be quiet.She doesnt like

28、 to be noisy.A:Oh.Look at this nice black skirt.Maybe(2)_.Why not/dont you hold/have a big party for her/What/How about having a big partyshe will like it真题剖析L:Yes,I also think she will like it.Because black is her favorite color.Lets have a look.(To the shop assistant)L:Excuse me.(3)_?S:Eighty-five

29、 yuan.Weve got none but this one at the moment.Its the smallest size.L:Oh.The price and the color are both all right for my mother.But its too small for her!(4)_!Anyway,thank you.S:(5)_.How much is it/the black skirt/Whats the price of it/the black skirtWhat a pityYoure welcome/Thats all right真题剖析1（

30、2021青海中考真题）I was all wet when I went to the zoo yesterday._ASounds terrible.BIm sorry to hear that.CYoure so lucky.2（2021湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州中考真题）I have never been to Tenglong Cave._ANeither do I.BSo have I.CNeither have I.3（2021湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州中考真题）Congratulations!You won the first prize at the speech contest.

31、_AThank you very much.BYoure welcome.CWith pleasure.BCA4（2021四川乐山市中考真题）Do you want to try some wild rabbit?_.We should protect wild animals.ANo wayBNo problemCNo idea5（2021甘肃天水市中考真题）Your hometown is beautiful,and the air is really fresh._.AThanks.Im happy you like itBDont say thatCIts just so-soDDon

32、t mention itAA6（2021甘肃天水市中考真题）Would you mind telling me how to start this machine?_.Its very easy.Do it like this.AYes,of courseBNo,not at allCNo,thanksDYes,you are right7（2021山东菏泽市中考真题）Id like to thank you for your invitation to Heze Peony Garden._.AWith pleasureBIts my pleasureCFor pleasureBB一、补全对

33、话一、补全对话7选选5（2021青海中考真题）A:Do you know China Brand Day?B:1 Whats the Day for?A:2 In the past,“made in China”just made people think of cheap,low-quality products.3_ B:I agree.Chinese brands are going global and being widely accepted.A:Exactly.4_ B:Yes.I often buy some shoes and clothes of these brands,

34、they are at good prices,but really nice and of high quality.A:5 I believe more Chinese will support our own brands like you.ACool!BFor making people know about Chinese brands all over the world.CBecause they are affordable.DSome sports brands like Huili and Li-Ning have got global attention.E.What?I

35、ve never heard of it.F.TikTok is another big technology brand.G.But it has changed now.EBGDA一、填写适当的句子补全对话一、填写适当的句子补全对话（2021陕西中考真题）A:Morning,Wang Juan.B:1_ A:I heard that you won the first prize in the speech competition of your school.Congratulations!B:Thank you.You know July 1 this year is our Part

36、ys 100th birthday.We had the speech competition for celebrating it.A:2?B:Yes.I talked about the history of our great Party and the great changes in our country in my speech.A:Oh,we are also preparing some activities for it these days.B:3?A:An art show and a big singing competition.B:A singing compet

37、ition?4?A:It will be held on the afternoon of June 25.B:I like singing.Can I watch it?A:5 .You can come to my school at 2:00 that day and well meet at the school gate.B:OK.See you then.A:See you.Good morningDid you talk about the development process of our PartyWhich activity are you preparing forWhen will your singing competition/it be heldSure/No problem/Of course