2022年牛津深圳版中考英语复习专题--被动语态ppt课件.pptx

1、 1.英语动词有两种语态，英语动词有两种语态，主动语态主动语态和和被动语态被动语态。一一.主动语态表示主动语态表示:主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者.二二.被动语态表示被动语态表示:主语主语是动作的是动作的承受者承受者He cleans the living room every day.动作的执行者动作的执行者+动作动作 +动作的承受者动作的承受者_ _ 主主谓谓宾宾谓语动词的主动形式谓语动词的主动形式主动语态主动语态The living room is cleaned by him every day.动作的承受者动作的承受者+动作动作 +动作的发出者动作的发出者_ _ _ 主主谓谓宾

2、宾谓语动词的被动形式谓语动词的被动形式被动语态被动语态2.2.被动语态的基本构成：被动语态的基本构成：bebe（am,is,are)+am,is,are)+动词的动词的过过去去分分词词-（be+done)be+done)过去分词过去分词的用法也有两个特点：一一是表示完成是表示完成.二二是表示被动是表示被动.规则动词的过去分词规则动词的过去分词在动词原形后加在动词原形后加“”构成构成三三.过去分词只强调被动意思，表过去分词只强调被动意思，表明动作已经完成明动作已经完成.1.1.规则动词的过去分词：规则动词的过去分词：1)1)一般情况在动词原形后一般情况在动词原形后加加-ed-edwatch-wa

3、tched2)2)以不发音以不发音e e结尾的加结尾的加-d-dpractice-practiced3)3)以辅音加以辅音加y y结尾的，去结尾的，去y y变变i i加加-ed-ed4)4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed-ed2.2.不规则动词的过去分词不规则动词的过去分词：amis arebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone如何判定句子是主动如何判定句子是主动 or 被动？被动？主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态变被动语态的方法 （主语）（主语）（宾语）（

4、宾语）主动语态：动作的执行者主动语态：动作的执行者+谓语动词的主动形式谓语动词的主动形式+动作的承受者动作的承受者被动语态：动作的承受者被动语态：动作的承受者+谓语动词的被动形式谓语动词的被动形式+动作的执行者动作的执行者 （主语）（主语）（宾语）（宾语）说明：说明：（1 1）要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的）要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。（2 2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并由由byby引导。引导。（3)3)谓语动

5、词变成相应的被动形式。谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。目前我们学过哪些时态目前我们学过哪些时态?各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成1.一般现在时：一般现在时：2.一般过去时：一般过去时：3.情态动词：情态动词：4.一般将来时：一般将来时：5.现在进行时：现在进行时：6.现在完成时：现在完成时：7.过去进行时过去进行时：主语主语+am/is/are+过去分词过去分词主语主语+was/were+过去分词过去分词主语主语+can/may/must/should+be+过过去分词去分词主语主语+will+be+过去分词过去分词主语主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词.主语主语+

6、have/has+been+过去分词过去分词S+was/were+being+过去分词过去分词1.1.一般现在时 结构：am/is/are+done am/is/are+done 1.We 1.We cleanclean the classroom every the classroom every day.day.2.The classroom2.The classroom is cleaned is cleaned by us by us every dayevery day.His brother washes his bikes every day.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)His

7、bikes are washedby his brother every day.She plants trees in spring.主谓宾(受动者)Treesare plantedbyher改为被动语态in spring.They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homework in the evening.They often use computers in class.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Compu

8、ters are often used by them in class.2.2.一般过去时结构：was/were+donewas/were+doneHe He put onput on a coat.a coat.A coat A coat was put onwas put on by him.by him.He made the kite.The kite was made by him.2.They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them)last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/

9、were+过去分词过去分词They built the tall building last year.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.We cleaned our classroom just now.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.3.3.一般将来时 结构：shall

10、/will/be going to+be doneshall/will/be going to+be done 1.They 1.They will plantwill plant trees tomorrow.trees tomorrow.一一.Trees.Trees will be plantedwill be planted by them by them tomorrowtomorrow2.He 2.He is going to writeis going to write a letter to his a letter to his mother.mother.二二.A lette

11、r.A letter is going to be writtenis going to be written to to his mother by him.his mother by him.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleanedby Tom tomorrow.We will hold a sports meeting next week.Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.The headmaster wi

12、ll give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be held by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.4.4.现在完成时结构：has/have+been donehas/have+been doneJim Jim has finishedhas finished the work.the work.The work T

13、he work has been finishedhas been finished by Jim.by Jim.6.We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词过去分词5.现在进行时：现在进行时：Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.S+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词1.不知道动作的执行者

14、是谁。不知道动作的执行者是谁。这块手表是中国制造的。This watch is made in China.2.没有必要指出动作的执行者没有必要指出动作的执行者每年都应该种更多的树。Many trees should be planted every year.何时使用何时使用被动语态呢？被动语态呢？3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。需要强调或突出动作的承受者。世界上越来越多的人说汉语。世界上越来越多的人说汉语。Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.4.句子的主语是动作的承受者句子的主语是动作的承受者。许多房屋被冲走了。许多

15、房屋被冲走了。Many houses were washed away by the flood.时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般现在一般现在时时V(原形原形)/V(e)sam/is/are+Vpp一般过去一般过去时时V-ed/madewas/were+Vpp一般将来一般将来时时will+V(原形原形)will+be+Vpp含情态动含情态动词词情态动词情态动词+V(原形原形)情态动词情态动词+be+Vpp各种时态的被动结构练习各种时态的被动结构练习 1、The Chinese food _ to be the healthiest in the world.A.considers

16、B.is considering C.is considered D.has considered 2、John _,for he went swimming yesterday without permission.would punished B.had punished C.punished D.was punished3、-Have you moved into the new house?-Not yet.Rooms _.A.are painting B.are painted C.are being painting D.are being painted 一般时态：一般时态：am

17、/is/are+过去分词过去分词现在进行时态：现在进行时态：am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词过去时态：过去时态：was/were+过去分词过去分词4、Mr.Wu was in hospital.when we went to see him,he _on.A.operated B.was operated C.was operating D.was being operated 5、The new school _ when the new term begins.A.finishes B.will finish C.will be finished D.would finis

18、h过去进行时态：过去进行时态：was/were+being+过去分词过去分词一般将来时态：一般将来时态：will+be+过去分词过去分词6、With the help of the Hope Project,more and more new schools _ in the poor area.A.built B.have built C.have been built D.have been building7、The programmes _ easily if you use a short wave radio.A.can pick up B.pick up C.picked up D.can be picked up 现在完成时态现在完成时态：have/has+been+过去分词过去分词情态动词：情态动词：情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词P34 一，二一，二