2022年中考专题定语从句ppt课件.ppt

1、定语从句定语从句用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。引导定语从句的有关系名（代）词叫作先行词。引导定语从句的有关系代词代词(which,who,whom,that,whose)和关系副词和关系副词(when/where/why)定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后面。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后面。1.The students(who dont study hard)will not 先行词先行词 定语从句定语从句pass the exam.主句主句:The students will not pass the exam.2.The w

2、oman(whom/who you saw in the park)is our 先行词先行词 定语从句定语从句English teacher.主句主句:The woman is our English teacher.从句的主语：从句的主语：you从句的宾语：从句的宾语：Whom3.A shoe shop is a shop(which sells shoes).主句：主句：A shoe shop is a shop.从句的主语从句的主语:which4.The book(that you want)is on the desk.主句主句从句的主语从句的主语:从句的宾语：从句的宾语：The b

3、ook is on the desk.youthat引导定语从句的引导定语从句的关系代词关系代词常见的有常见的有that,which,whowhom,whose等。等。关系代词关系代词放在放在先行词和定语从句先行词和定语从句之间之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。The man(that/who told us a funny story)is in the next room.主语主语I lost the book(that/which)you gave me).宾语宾语归纳：归纳：that既可指人又可指物，作主语或宾语。既可指人又可指物，作主

4、语或宾语。which指物，作主语或宾语。指物，作主语或宾语。who,whom指人指人,who作主语作主语,whom作宾语。作宾语。whose指人或物的所有格指人或物的所有格,作定语作定语.(=of which/whom)that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。1)A plane is a machine _ can fly.2)The car _ my uncle bought last week was stolen.3)The students _ dont study hardwill not pass the exam.4)The wo

5、man _ you saw inthe park is our English teacher.5)He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school.which/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhom/thatthatThe man _wallet was stolen _yesterday is Jims uncle.The house _ windows face _the south belongs to us.whosewhosethe wallet of who

6、mthe windows of which1.The young lady _ we met yesterday is our maths teacher.what B.whose C.who D.which2.The bus ran over a student and his dog _ just crossing the road.that was B.which were C.that were3、Do you know the man _ is talking with your father?A.whose B.who C.which4、The boys _ the teacher

7、 talked to are from Class One.A.when B.which C.whoCCBC用合适的关系词填空：用合适的关系词填空：1.The man _ is talking with my mother is my uncle.2.I love music _I can sing along with.3.He is the man _ lives in Qingdao.4.They talked of the things and persons _ they remembered.5.Do you know the song _ is called“heart stri

8、ngs”Who/thatthat/which that/whothatthat/whichJoin two sentences into one:The boy is my brother.He helped me.1.The boy who helped me is my brother.The film is interesting.They saw it last night.2.The film they saw last night is interesting.The students will not pass the exam.They dont work hard.3.The

9、 students who dont work hard will not pass the exam.1.That book that you want it is on the desk.2.Is this factory that we visited last week?the oneThis factory is the one that we visited last week?3.He is the person for whom you are looking.for4.The person to whom you talked is Lily.The person whom

10、you talked to is Lily.归纳：归纳：1定语从句要避免成分重复定语从句要避免成分重复 2定语从句要避免漏用先行词定语从句要避免漏用先行词 3含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开Fill in the blanks.1.I still remember the day _ we spent in the forest.2.I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing.3.The factory _ we will visit is large.4.The factory _ his father wor

11、ks is large.5.Ill never forget the time _ we work on the farm.6.This is the house _ we lived last year.(that/which)when/on which(that/which)where/in whichwhen/during whichwhere/in which归纳归纳:关系副词关系副词when指时间指时间,where指地点指地点,why指原因指原因在定语从句中作在定语从句中作状语状语。即使先行词是时间地点。即使先行词是时间地点,若若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词作从句中的宾语，只能用关

12、系代词that,which.7.That is the reason_she didnt come to work.why/for which关系副词：关系副词：where,when,why作状语作状语(=介词介词+which)以下情况只能用以下情况只能用that1.先行词既指先行词既指人人又指又指物物时。时。2.当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，或有当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，或有the only(唯一的唯一的,最好的最好的,独一无二的独一无二的),the very(正是那个，恰好的正是那个，恰好的)the last等修饰时。等修饰时。eg.He is the only perso

13、n that can help you out.You are the very man(that)Im looking for.3.先行词是先行词是 all,much,none,some,any,little,the one,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时。等不定代词时。4.主句是以主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时。开头的特殊疑问句时。5.当引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中作表语时。当引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中作表语时。6.主句是主句是There be 结构，定语从句用结构，定语从句用that作关系作关系代词。代词。关系词

14、只用关系词只用which/who/whom不用不用that的情况：的情况：1.先行词为先行词为that,those时，表物用时，表物用which,表人用表人用who/whom.eg.Whats that which is under the desk?Those who have made contributions to developing China will be praised.2.关系代词前有介词时只用关系代词前有介词时只用which/whom,且不能省略。且不能省略。eg.That is the village in which I spent my childhood.This

15、 is the man from whom I learnt the news.3.引导非限制性定语从句时。引导非限制性定语从句时。eg.Tom came back,which made us happy.4.当先行词为当先行词为anyone,everyone,those,he,she,all,any只人时只人时用用who/whom不用不用that.eg.I will shoot anyone who moves.It is he who saved me.Fill in the gaps:1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle_

16、 were in the fields.2.The wind blew down the tallest tree _ is in front of our school gate.3.This is the very thing _ I was looking for.4.This is the second novel _ I have ever read.5.There is nothing in the world _ can frightenme.6.Who is the man _ is reading under the tree?7.My hometown is not the

17、 same one _ it usedto be twenty years ago.thatthatthatthatthatthatthatCorrections:1.The man just said hello to me is my chemistry teacher.who2.Who is the comrade you just shook hands with him.3.Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.(where which)4.This is the best dictionary which I hav

18、e ever used.(which that)5.The house where we live in is not very large.(where which/that)6.The house that it was built in 1970 stayed up inthe earthquake.“介词关系代词介词关系代词”即即“介词介词whom/which”引引导定语从句应注意：导定语从句应注意：1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.与先行词的搭配关系与先行词的搭配关系1）I will never forget the day _ I joine

19、d the army.2)I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school.3)I will never forget the year _ my sonwent to college.4)I got home at 7:00 p.m.yesterday,_ most people had had supper.on whichduring whichin whichby whichB.与谓语动词的搭配习惯与谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Have you found the book _ I paid29 US dollars?2)Have y

20、ou found the book _ I spent29 US dollars?3)Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot?4)Have you found the book _ she often talks?for whichon whichfrom whichabout which4.表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介词词of,有时可用有时可用whose转换。转换。1)There are 100 teachers in our school,_60 are women teachers.2)He

21、has three children,two _ work asteachers.3)That table has four legs,all _ arevery short.4)Im painting a house,the roof _ isround.Im painting a house whose roof is round 5)They live in a house,_ windows facesouth.They live in a house,the windows_ face south.of whomof whomof whichof whichwhoseof which

22、2.“介词介词whom/which”与与“whom/which/that/介词介词”的转换。的转换。1）The chair on which she is sitting is made of wood.The chair(which/that)she is sitting on is madeof wood.2)Is this the book which you are looking for?介词介词for不能与不能与 look分开。分开。3.way作先行词作先行词1)The way(in which/that)he looks at the problems is wrong.用介词关

23、系代词填空用介词关系代词填空1 The boy was staying in the room _window he could climb down.2.Hes the man _ I learnt the news.3.Whos the comrade _ you just shookhands.4.There are 52 students in our class,_nearly 40 are League members.5.I know a lady the husband _ is a Nobel Prize winner.6.Do you know the driver who

24、 caused the traffic accident _ a man was killed.7.This is the way _ she studies English.through whosefrom whomwith whomof whomof whomin whichin which 8.The 5 yuan_ he bought the book was given by his friend.9.The story about Shakespeare,_ this is one example,is well written.10.The old man always wea

25、rs his glasses _ _ he cant see anything.11.The key_ she was opening the door broke.12.The library _ we often go on Sundays is not far from our school.13.No one know the reason _ she is leaving so early.14.At last they came to a river _ a new bridge is being built.for whichof whichwithoutwhichwith wh

26、ichto whichfor whichover which关系代词引导的定语从句：关系代词引导的定语从句：Complete the following sentences:1.Is this the school _ you visited last year?Is this school _ _ you visited last year?2.He is one of the students who _ good at maths.He is the only one of the students who _ goodat maths.3.The girl _ I think was

27、honest lied to me.The girl _ I think to be honest lied to me.4.China is no longer _ she was 10 years ago.China is no longer the country _ she was 10years ago.(that/which)the oneareiswhowhomwhatthat5.The radio I bought yesterday is quite different from_ _ you bought last month.The radio I bought yest

28、erday is quite different from_ you bought last month.6.Do you still remember the hotel _ _ welived last summer holiday?Do you still remember the park _we visited last summer holiday?7.This is the room _ my grandmother used to lived in.This is the room _ _ my grandmother used to lived.the onewhat in

29、which(that/which)(which/that)in which8.He has two sons,and both of _ work as actors.He has two sons,both of _ work as actors.9.China has hundreds of islands,_ _ Taiwanis the largest.China has hundreds of islands,the largest_ is Taiwan.10.This is the house _ _ the window wasbroken yesterday.This is the house _ window was broken yesterday.11.He is the teacher _ _ help we havemade great progress.themwhomof whichofwhichof whichwhosewith whose