2022年中考英语：定语从句 ppt课件.pptx

1、定语从句定语从句(attributive clause)在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定定语从句语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导从句的引导从句的关系代词有关系代词有who(人人-主格主格),whom(人人-宾客宾客),whose(人人-所有格所有格),which(物物),that(人人/物物)。引导从句的引导从句的关系副词有关系副词有where(地点地点),when(时间时间),why(原因原因)。The man who lives next to

2、us is a teacher.You must do everything that I do.We will never forget the day when we visited our headmaster.先行词先行词()定定 语语 从从 句句先行词先行词()定语从句定语从句先行词先行词 ()定语从句定语从句人人物物时间时间1.定语从句引导词的选择。定语从句引导词的选择。从所指来看，从所指来看，which只能用于先行词为只能用于先行词为 物的情况，物的情况，who和和whom只能用于先行只能用于先行 词为人的情况，其中词为人的情况，其中whom用于引导词用于引导词 在定语从句中作宾

3、语的情况，在口语在定语从句中作宾语的情况，在口语 中可用中可用who代替代替,出现介词也只能用出现介词也只能用whom,即：介词即：介词+whom；而；而that既可指人，既可指人，又可指物。作定语只能用又可指物。作定语只能用whose,例如：例如：Everyone that/who goes to Shenzhen says it is a modern city.每个去深圳的人都说它是一座现代化城市。每个去深圳的人都说它是一座现代化城市。This is the song which/that has been extremely popular for the last few month

4、s.这就是那首近几个月十分流行的歌。这就是那首近几个月十分流行的歌。1.Do you know the man _ is talking to Miss Wu?A.whom B.who C.which2.I really like the photo of my family _ my sister took in the city park last year.A.which B.who C.whomBA3.People _ overweight need more water than thin people.A.who is B.that is C.who are4.Do you kno

5、w the man _ saved five people in the fire?A.who B.when C.whom CA5.Its interesting that there are many people _ speak French in Canada.A.which B.where C.who6.I can never forget the stories _ my grandma told me.A.what B.who C.thatCCthat 为定语从句的引导词为定语从句的引导词,放在先行词及放在先行词及定于从句之间起连接作用定于从句之间起连接作用,同时在定语从同时在定语

6、从句中充当句子成分。句中充当句子成分。that 引导的定语从引导的定语从句既可以修饰无生命的事物句既可以修饰无生命的事物,也可以修饰也可以修饰有生命的动物或人有生命的动物或人,that 在从句中作主语在从句中作主语或宾语或宾语(作宾语时可以省略作宾语时可以省略)关系代词只能用关系代词只能用that的情况：的情况：(1)如果先行词是如果先行词是 all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none 等不定代词等不定代词,关系代词一般只用关系代词一般只用that,不用不用which。例如：例如：All the people that

7、are present burst into tears.Is there anything that I can do for you(2)如果先行词被如果先行词被 the only,the very,the same,the last,the best 等词修饰等词修饰,关系代词关系代词常用常用that(指人时指人时,可以用可以用who)。例如：例如：This is the very book that I want to find.That is the best film that we have seen.I was the only person in my office that

8、/who was invited.which 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句which 引导的定语从句修饰的是无生命引导的定语从句修饰的是无生命物体物体,which 在从句中可以作主语在从句中可以作主语,也可也可以作宾语。以作宾语。只能用只能用which的情况的情况:a.关系代词前有介词。关系代词前有介词。This is the house in which we lived last year.b.先行词本身是先行词本身是that。The clock is that which I bought yesterday.c.非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句。His English,which u

9、sed to be very poor,is now excellent.who引导的定语从句引导的定语从句如果先行词指人那么定语从句的引导词如果先行词指人那么定语从句的引导词就可以用就可以用who。如果先行词指人。如果先行词指人,引导词引导词在从句中充当在从句中充当宾语宾语,那么那么引导词就要用引导词就要用who的宾格形式的宾格形式whom,口语中也可以用口语中也可以用who代替。代替。She has two brothers who are both doctors.The man whom I saw is called Smith.定语从句中引导词的省略定语从句中引导词的省略不管定语从

10、句修饰的是人还是物不管定语从句修饰的是人还是物,如果引导如果引导词在从句中词在从句中作宾语作宾语,通常就可以省略通常就可以省略。e.g.Did you go to the talk(that/which)the famous scientist gave at your school?你去听那位著名科学家在你们学校做你去听那位著名科学家在你们学校做 的演讲了吗？的演讲了吗？Is that the car(that/which)you bought last month?那是你上个月买的车吗？那是你上个月买的车吗？A friend is a person(who/whom)you know ve

11、ry well and like.朋友是你十分了解并且喜欢的人。朋友是你十分了解并且喜欢的人。1.“What do you think of the school uniforms?”“Very good.I like clothes _ make me feel comfortable.”A.that B.what C.whoA【解析解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句考查定语从句引导词的用法。定语从句的的先行词先行词clothes是是“物物”,所以所以,定语从定语从句的引导词用句的引导词用which或或that引导引导。根据。根据句意：你觉得校服怎么样呀句意：你觉得校服怎么样呀?很好很

12、好,我我喜欢让我穿着舒服的衣服。喜欢让我穿着舒服的衣服。1.There are many people _ speak English in India.A.which B.where C.whoC 2.Its the only pen_ my father bought for me.A.what B.who C.thatC3.Please pass me the thickest cartoon book _ has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.A.whom B.whose C.thatC关系副词关系副词when，where，why的运用的运用1，when表示时

13、间，在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词是表示时间的名词（year,season,day等）eg,I still remember the days when we worked together.我仍然记得我们在一起工作的日子。2，where 表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词是表示地点的名词（place,school,room等）This is the school where we once studied.这就是我们曾经学习过的学校。3，why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词只有表示原因的reason 一词Can you tell me the reason why he

14、 hasnt come here？你能告诉我他不来这儿的原因吗？()1.What kind of music do you like?_ I like music _ I can dance to.A.when B.who C.that()2.Old people _ weak need to do more exercise every day.A.who is B.which are C.who are()3.Im looking for the book _ you lent me yesterday.A.what B.who C.thatCCC()4.The stories _ wer

15、e written by Mark Twain are humorous.A.which B.whose C.who ()5.The man _ you talked to at the school gate is Mr li.A.what B.whom C.whose()6.Which is your new friend,Liu Hua?-The man _ T-shirt is red.A.which B.who C.whoseABC!()7.I still remember the day _ our new school was built.A.which B.when C.who()8.This is the place _ I studied last year.A.where B.that C.which()9.Books are everywhere,but its not easy to find one_ is really interesting.A.that B.who C.what()10.Everyone was surprised at the photos _ were taken by Mr.Thomas in the sea.A.who B.what C.whichBAAC