2022年中考英语副词精讲ppt课件.pptx

1、副词Adverb（adv.）主讲人：XXX副词的用法副词可以用来修饰动词、短语、形容词、其它副词或整个句子。指出下列副词修饰的部分。The little boy can jump high.This is a very beautiful picture.He drove too fast so that he knocked down an old man.Can you read the text loudly?Luckily,he arrived home safely.副词的种类时间副词时间副词soonsoon、alreadyalready、nownow、yesterdayyester

2、day、beforebefore、finallyfinally、recentlyrecently地点副词地点副词herehere、therethere、homehome、abroadabroad、aroundaround、nearnear、downdown、outout方式副词方式副词slowlyslowly、hardhard、carefullycarefully、fastfast、quietlyquietly、angrilyangrily程度副词程度副词muchmuch、ratherrather、tootoo、quitequite、veryvery、almostalmost、prettypr

3、etty副词的种类频度副词频度副词alwaysalways、usuallyusually、sometimessometimes、oftenoften、seldomseldom、hardlyhardly、nevernever疑问副词疑问副词howhow、wherewhere、whenwhen、whywhy连接副词连接副词（引导名词性从句）（引导名词性从句）howhow、whenwhen、wherewhere、whywhy、howeverhowever、meanwhilemeanwhile关系副词关系副词（引导定语从句）（引导定语从句）whywhy、wherewhere、whenwhen副词的句法

4、功能副词在句中常作表语（多为一些表示位置的副词，如：out、in、down等）、状语、定语、宾语补足语等。1.I must be off now.(作表语）2.The chair is just under the desk.（作状语）3.Dont eat too much.（作状语）4.I saw you out with your mom yesterday.（作宾语补足语）5.The people here are very nice.（作定语）副词的位置1.地点副词、时间副词和方式副词，一般位于句末。同时出现时间副词和地点副词时，地点副词在前，时间副词在后。I met him at t

5、he airport yesterday.我昨天在机场碰见他了。He is doing his homework in the room at the moment.他此刻正在房间里做作业。2.频度副词通常位于实义动词前，助动词、be动词或情态动词之后。偶尔也可位于句首。I usually go to school at seven oclock.我通常7点钟去上学。He is always late for class.他总是上课迟到。Sometimes,we can play games in the playground.有时候我们可以在操场上做游戏。副词的位置3.程度副词修饰动词时，与

6、频度副词类似（实义动词之前，助动词、be动词或情态动词之后）；修饰形容词或副词时，放在被修饰词的前面。I dont quite hate him.我不是很恨他。I rather like your new bike.我非常喜欢你的新自行车。She speaks English quite fluently.她英语说得相当流利。注意：副词enough“足够”修饰形容词或副词时，需后置。rich enough 足够富有 fast enough 足够快形容词变副词规则通常形容词变为副词时，遵循以下规则：1.1.一般直接在形容词词尾加一般直接在形容词词尾加-ly-lycarefulcarefullyc

7、arefulcarefullybeautifulbeautifullybeautifulbeautifullyquietquietly quietquietly recentrecentlyrecentrecentlyconfidentconfidentlyconfidentconfidentlycarelesscarelesslycarelesscarelessly形容词变副词规则通常形容词变为副词时，遵循以下规则：2.2.以以-le-le结尾的形容词去词尾的结尾的形容词去词尾的-e-e，再加，再加-y-yterribleterriblyterribleterriblypossiblepos

8、siblypossiblepossiblycomfortablecomfortablycomfortablecomfortablygentlegentlygentlegentlysimplesimplysimplesimplyprobableprobablyprobableprobably形容词变副词规则通常形容词变为副词时，遵循以下规则：3.3.少数以元音字母少数以元音字母+e+e结尾的形容词，去结尾的形容词，去-e-e加加-ly-lytruetrulytruetrulyduedulydueduly4.4.辅音字母辅音字母+y+y结尾的形容词，将结尾的形容词，将-y-y改为改为-i-i，再加

9、，再加-ly-lyeasyeasilyeasyeasilyhappyhappilyhappyhappily形容词变副词规则通常形容词变为副词时，遵循以下规则：5.5.以以-ll-ll结尾的形容词，只加结尾的形容词，只加-y-yfullfullyfullfully dulldullydulldully6.6.以以-ic-ic结尾的形容词，在词尾加结尾的形容词，在词尾加-ally-allybasicbasicallybasicbasicallyscientificscientificscientificallyscientifically形容词变副词规则特殊情况：1.1.本身即是形容词也是副词本身

10、即是形容词也是副词fastfastfastfasthighhighhighhighearlyearlyearlyearlyhardhardhardhardlatelatelatelatefar-farfar-far（hardhard作形容词，意为作形容词，意为“困难的；坚硬的困难的；坚硬的”，作副词意为，作副词意为“努力地努力地”。）。）2.2.虽然以虽然以-ly-ly结尾，但却是形容词结尾，但却是形容词friendly friendly 友好的友好的 lively lively 活泼的活泼的 lovely lovely 可爱可爱的的likely likely 可能发生的可能发生的 lonel

11、y lonely 孤独的孤独的 ugly ugly 丑陋的丑陋的注意：中考常考系动词后面跟形容词作表语。注意：中考常考系动词后面跟形容词作表语。副词的原级比较原级比较句型：as+adv.原级+as 像一样翻译下列句子。1.这条狗狗和那条狗跑得一样快。2.她的英文写得和她哥哥一样好。This dog runs as fast as that one.She writes English as well as her brother.否定形式：not as/so+adv.原级+asThis dog doesnt run as/so fast as that one.This dog doesnt

12、run as/so fast as that one.同义句同义句:This dog runs less fast than that one.:This dog runs less fast than that one.（lessthanlessthan不如不如）比）比较级句型较级句型Adj./Adv.的比较级最高级变化规则规则变化：1.单音节的词直接在词尾加-er/-est，hardharderhardesthardharderhardest；fast faster fastestfast faster fastest2.以字母-e结尾的单音节词在其后面直接加-r/-st bravebra

13、verbravest bravebraverbravest；3.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母再加-er/-est bigbiggerbiggest bigbiggerbiggest；hothotterhottesthothotterhottestAdj./Adv.的比较级最高级变化规则规则变化：4.以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，先把-y改为-i，再加-er/-est。happyhappierhappiesthappyhappierhappiest；heavyheavierheaviestheavyheavierheaviest；earlyearlierearliestea

14、rlyearlierearliest5.其它双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more和mostBeautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulBeautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful；slowlymore slowlymost slowlyslowlymore slowlymost slowlyAdj./Adv.的比较级最高级变化规则不规则变化：good/wellbetterbest bad/ill/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremost littlelessleastfarfartherfarthestAdj.

15、/Adv.副词的比较级表示两者之间进行比较，标志词than。He studies much harder than I(do).他比我努力地多。My car can runs faster than yours.我的小汽车比你的跑得快。注意：比较需是同类事物之间进行。常用修饰比较级的副词：much；rather；even、far、a little、a bit、still等。副词的比较级特殊结构：1.比较级+and+比较级 表示“越来越”The car runs faster and faster.小汽车跑得越来越快。The balloons fly higher and higher.风筝飞得

16、越来越高。She will certainly skate more and more beautifully.她一定会滑得越来越漂亮。2.the+比较级,the+比较级表示“越就越”The more carefully you listen,the better you understand.你听得越仔细，你理解得就越好。The more you know,the better you work.你知道的越多，工作就越好。副词的最高级表示表示三者及以上范围内之最三者及以上范围内之最：(the)+the)+副词最高级副词最高级+范围范围(in/of/among)(in/of/among)(副词

17、最高级前的定冠词副词最高级前的定冠词thethe可省略可省略）He swam(the)fastest in his class.他是班里游得最快的。She likes English best of all.她最喜欢英语。副词的最高级比较级句型与最高级进行同义句替换：Tom is the tallest student in our class.(Tom is the tallest student in our class.(同义句替换）同义句替换）Tom is taller than _ _ _ in our Tom is taller than _ _ _ in our class.cl

18、ass.Tom is taller than _ _ _ in our Tom is taller than _ _ _ in our class.class.any other studentthe other students比较级句型表示最高级意义：比较级+than any other+单数名词比较级+than the other+名词复数=the+最高级+范围注意：注意：当不在同一个范围时，用比较级当不在同一个范围时，用比较级+than+than any+any+单数名词单数名词The girl in her class comes to school earlier than The

19、 girl in her class comes to school earlier than any students any students in in our class.our class.她班上的那个女孩比我们班上任何一个学生到校都早。她班上的那个女孩比我们班上任何一个学生到校都早。易混辨析1.high与highly high兼形容词和副词的词性，表示“高（的）”；highly是副词，意为“极其，非常；高度地”，表示程度。Our teacher always speaks _ of him.That little girl can jump very _.highly2.wide与

20、widely wide兼形容词与副词词性，表示“宽（的）”；widely是副词，意为“广泛地”。Shehadleftthedoor_open.Heis_acknowledgedasthebestplayerintheworld.highwidewidely易混辨析3.deep与deeply deep兼形容词和副词词性，意为“深（的）”；deeply是副词，表示程度“很，非常，深刻地”。Herstorytouchedus _.Dig the hole _.deeplydeep4.close与closely close兼形容词和副词词性，意为“近（的）”；closely是副词，意为“仔细地；严密地

21、”。A few cars passed _ by me.The two events are _ connected.closeclosely易混辨析5.hard与hardly hard作形容词，意为“困难的；硬的”；作副词意为“努力地”。hardly意为“几乎不”，表示否定意义。If you dont work _,you may fail in the exam.The air was so cold we could _ breathe.hardhardly 6.late与lately late兼形容词与副词词性，意为“晚/迟（的）”；副词lately意为“最近”。The train a

22、rrived _ last Friday.Have you received from him _.latelately易混辨析7.too、also与either also、too和either都可表示“也”，用法不同：also常用于句中，在实义动词前，be动词、助动词或情态动词之后；too用于肯定句句末，可用逗号与句子隔开；either用于否定句句末，与句子用逗号隔开。He is a good student,_.We _ a party at the end of this month.He doesnt like eating something sour,_.tooalsoeither

23、易混辨析8.so与such so是副词，修饰形容词或副词；such是形容词，修饰名词（短语）或代词。so adj.+a/an+n.=such a/an+adj.+n.She is _ kind-hearted that everyone in her class likes her.She is _ a good girl that everyone in her class likes her.sosuch名词前有many/much/few/little等表示数量多少的形容词时。用so而不用such。Hell forget it if he misses _ many lessons.如果他

24、耽误这么多课程他会忘掉的。so易混辨析9.too much、too many、much too too much“太多”具有副词、名词、形容词的作用，常用于“动词+宾语+too much”、“动词+too much”、“too much+不可数名词”；too many“太多”是形容词词组，修饰可数名词复数；much too“太；非常”是副词，修饰形容词或副词的原级。Dont eat _.I have _ homework to do every day.They ate _ strawberries yesterday.too muchtoo muchtoo many易混辨析10.someti

25、mes、sometime、some time与some times 频度副词sometimes意为“有时候”，表示频率，可位于实义动词之前，be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，或句首。副词sometime意为“在（将来或过去）的某个时候”。some time是名词短语，此处time是不可数名词“时间”，意为“一些时间”。some times是名词短语，此处time是可数名词“次数”，意为“几次”。I _ go to visit my grandparents on weekends.Its three oclock,so can you give me _ to finish this task?

26、We have already tried _,but we still cannot make it.I believe we will arrive there _ in the future.sometimessome timesome timessometime副词思维导图副词分类时间副词地点副词方式副词程度副词频度副词疑问副词连接副词关系副词位置表语句法功能状语定语宾语补足语形容词变副词规则（6个）以-ly结尾的形容词即是形容词又是副词三级原级比较级最高级规则变化（5个）不规则变化易混辨析专项练习1.Three years _,he became a driver.A.lateB.l

27、aterC.latelyD.more lately2.-What was the weather like yesterday?-It was terrible.It rained so _ that people could _ go out.A.hardly-hardB.hardlyhardlyC.hardhardlyD.hardhardBC专项练习3.This car runs _ faster than that one.A.more B.much moreC.muchD.more much4.-_ has this food store been in business?-Since

28、 2001.A.How longB.How oftenC.How oldD.How soonCA专项练习5.She was very happy.She ran _ of all the runners.A.fasterB.the quickestC.slowestD.quickly6.Keep quiet,please.Its _ noisy here.A.many tooB.too manyC.much tooD.too muchBC专项练习7.He is taller than _ in his class.A.any boyB.anyC.any other boyD.the other

29、 boy8.Ill go and visit you _ next week.A.sometime B.sometimesC.some timesD.some timeCA专项练习9.The car is running _.It seems to be flying.A.more and fasterB.more and fastC.fast and fastD.faster and faster10.Weve never heard of _ story before.A.such a strangeB.such strangeC.so a strangeD.so strangeDA专项练习11.She played the piano _ than we had thought.A.successfulB.successfullyC.more successfulD.more successfully12.The little girl looks _,and we all love her.A.friendlyB.beautifullyC.politelyD.confidentlyDA