2022年中考英语语法复习ppt课件 现在完成时.pptx

1、现在完成时火眼金睛火眼金睛1.She works in a factory.2.I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.3.We are going to have a picnic this Sunday.4.They held a sports meeting last week.5.Are you helping your mother?6.I havent thought so much.一般现在时一般现在时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成时present(now)f

2、uturepast 现在完成时现在完成时(present perfect tense)目标目标1.现在完成时的基本结构。2.理解现在完成时的2种用法。3.掌握现在完成时的标志词（already，since，for等）。4.突破难点have gone to,have been to,have been in 的区别+短暂性动词变延续性动词。一现在完成时基本句型 圣诞老人的驯鹿们站错位置了，帮它们找到自己的位置吧！圣诞老人的驯鹿们站错位置了，帮它们找到自己的位置吧！助动词助动词 Have/Has+主语主语+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词?Have you done your homework?主语主

3、语 +助动词助动词 have/has+not+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词。He hasnt done his homework.时时 态态 构构 成成主语主语 +助动词助动词 have/has+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词。I have done my homework.过去分词过去分词规则变化规则变化动词的过去分词 规则变化动词分类动词分类变化规则变化规则e.g.一般动词+edlistened以不发音的“e”结尾+dinvited以“辅音+y”结尾变y为i，+edcarried以“辅元辅”结尾双写后辅，+eddroppedworkvisitplayuselikestudylivecrysh

4、opplanstoptry-ed-dy-i,+ed双写双写-ed 快来帮圣诞老人整理圣诞礼物吧！快来帮圣诞老人整理圣诞礼物吧！过去分词变化游戏过去分词变化游戏wonderful！动词的过去分词 常见不规则变化原型原型过去式过去式过去分词过去分词原型原型过去式过去式过去分词过去分词costcostbringbroughtbuildbuiltcatchcaughtsmellsmeltsaysaidmeetmetfindfoundbeginbeganleaveleftblowblewbreakbrokeforgetforgottaketook我背诵，我快乐！我背诵，我快乐！过去分词不规则变化cost

5、builtsmeltmetbegunblownforgottenbroughtcaughtsaidfoundleftbrokentaken二现在完成时的含义1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的结果。表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的结果。-Its so dark.-Someone has turned off the light.-Are you free?-I have finished my homework.I am free.(有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑)(我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)在表示在表示此用法此用法时，时，现在完成时常和副词现在完成时常

6、和副词just,already,yet,never,ever,before等连用。等连用。确认过眼神确认过眼神 “一秒识别一秒识别”just表示表示刚刚刚刚”He has just come back.他刚刚回来。他刚刚回来。They have just finished the work.他们刚刚完成那项工作。他们刚刚完成那项工作。already 往往用于肯定句，往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气。用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气。He has already left here.他已经离开这里了他已经离开这里了。Has he already left here?他（真的）已经离开

7、这里了吗？（表示加强语气）他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）yet 用于否定句和疑问句用于否定句和疑问句My teachers havent had breakfast yet.我的老师们还没有吃早饭。我的老师们还没有吃早饭。（Yet在否定句中放句末，意为在否定句中放句末，意为 还还(没没)）Have you written to your parents yet?你已经给你父母写过信了吗？你已经给你父母写过信了吗？（Yet在疑问句中放句末意为在疑问句中放句末意为 己经己经”）never 是否定词，表示是否定词，表示从来没有从来没有”而而ever 表示表示曾经曾经”We have n

8、ever been to the Great Wall.我们我们从来没有从来没有去过长城。去过长城。Have you ever been to Canada?你们你们曾经曾经去过加拿大吗？去过加拿大吗？before,用于句末，表示用于句末，表示“以前以前”Ive seen it before.之前，我已经看过了。Has she ridden a bike before?她以前骑过自行车吗?2.表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在 BeforeNowFutureFive years ago,I became an English Teacher.I am still

9、an English teacher.Maybe.since:(自自以来以来)1)since+时间点时间点Hehasstayedheresince5oclock.2)since+时间段时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+从句（句中的谓语动词为从句（句中的谓语动词为过去式过去式）ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.for:(长达）长达）for+时间段时间段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.对for或since引导的时间状语提问必须用how long,决不能用when.1.I h

10、ave lived here for 10 years.How long have you lived here?2.She has stood here since 2 hour ago.How long has she stood here?选用选用 for和和 since填空填空1.We haven t seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _

11、 he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6.It s five years _ we met last time.forsinceforsinceforsince7.Ive taken driving lessons _last month.8.My sister has had her cell phone _a month.9.My friends havent visited me _my birthday.10.We havent used our car _ a long time.11.

12、She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _ two years.12.Tom has worn glasses _he was 7 years old.since forsinceforforsince现在完成时的标志词现在完成时的标志词A.already yet never ever justB.for since 现在完成时现在完成时二、含义（用法）：1，过去做的事，对现在的影响和结果（现在没做了）。2，表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在（现在还在做）。现在完成时和一般过去时区别1.两个句子都表示过去发生的事；2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间

13、状语连用；3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态,没有说明与现在的关系，它与表示过去的具体时间连用。（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）presentpastI have lived here for two years.I lived there 2 years ago.现在完成时:一般过去时:他已学英语五年了。He has studied English for five years.他曾学过五年英语。He studied English for five years.（说明他还会继续学下去）（只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。）现在完成时和一般过去时区别强调这一动作产生

14、的结果对现在的影响或结果，与现在有关。仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与现在无关。现在完成时和一般过去时区别vIve lived here for ten years.我在我在这里这里住了住了10年。年。vI lived here for ten years.我在这里住过我在这里住过10年年。vHe has bought a house.他买了一栋房子。他买了一栋房子。vHe bought a house ten years ago.他他10年前买了一栋房子。年前买了一栋房子。(现在是否仍拥有这房子不清楚现在是否仍拥有这房子不清楚)(现在已拥有这房子现在已拥有这房子)(现在不住这儿了现在

15、不住这儿了)(现在仍住这儿现在仍住这儿)现在完成时和一般过去时区别yesterday,Last year,in May,in+过去某一年，过去某一年，two days ago,the other day,just now等等 就用一般过去时就用一般过去时(表过去的时间表过去的时间)so far,in/during/over the past/last few days (在过去在过去/最近的几年里最近的几年里)，since接过去时间状语或接过去时间状语或 过去时的句子过去时的句子等常用现在完成时等常用现在完成时(不能与确定的时间不能与确定的时间)1.A:火车已经开走了.B:什么时候开走的?A:

16、半个小时之前开走的.2.A:这本书我已经买了两年了.B:你在哪儿买的?A:在我老家买的.3.A:你看过这部电影吗?B:看过.A:什么时候看的.B:上周星期天看的.A:The train has left.B:When did it leave.A:It left half an hour ago.A:Have you seen the film?B:Yes,I have.A:When did you see it?B:I saw it last Sunday.A:Ive had the book for two years.B:Where did you buy it?A:I bought i

17、t in my hometown.三现在完成时短暂性动词变延续性动词 快来帮快来帮Mr.Snowman装饰圣诞树吧！装饰圣诞树吧！延续性动词延续性动词短暂性动词短暂性动词knowopenwantclosebuykeephavelivereadsleepstaystudybegingobecomeleaveGame congratulation！e(to)leavegobeginstartfinishendjoinborrowlend瞬间动词瞬间动词不能和时间段连用Please point out any mistakes and correctShe has bought the comput

18、er for two years.hadbuy-have/has badShe has had the computer for two years.Please point out any mistakes and correctHow long have you come to the United States?been income to-have/has been inHow long have you been in the United States?Please point out any mistakes and correctMy brother has joined th

19、e army for five years.been in/been a soldierI have left Shanghai for 3 days.have been awayI have been away Shanghai for 3 days.Please point out any mistakes and correctI have borrowed the book for 3 years.have keptI have kept the book for3 years.Please point out any mistakes and correctThe film has

20、begun for 10 minutes.has been onThe film has been on for 10 minutes.Please point out any mistakes and correctThe concert has finished for half an hour.has been overThe concert has been over for half an hour.Please point out any mistakes and correctHis dog has died for two years.has been deadHis dog

21、has been dead for two years.Please point out any mistakes and correctShe has married for six years.has been marriedShe has been married for six years.短暂性动词变延续性动词短暂性动词变延续性动词短暂性动词延续性动词短暂性动词延续性动词arrive/come/go toput onborrowcomebuyfall illbecome abegin/startfinish/endjoinfall asleepwake upopencloseleav

22、ediebe inkeephave be abe overbe asleepbe openbe awaywearbe herebe illbe onbe inbe awakebe closedbe deadvHis father has died.(for 2 years)vThe football match has begun.(since9:00a.m)vThe twins have joined the army.(since they are 18years old)vMy teacher has just left Nanjing.(for 3 days)His father ha

23、s been dead for 2 years.The football match has been on since 9:00 a.m.The twins have been soldiers/been in the army since they are 18years old.My teacher has been away from Nanjing for 3 days.注：注：非延续性动词非延续性动词可以可以于现在完成时于现在完成时,表示动作已经完成，表示动作已经完成，它它不能跟段时间不能跟段时间。但它的但它的否定式否定式可以跟段时间状语连用可以跟段时间状语连用.vTom has

24、left Beijing.vTom hasnt left Beijing since he came to this city in 2004.vHe has borrowed a pen from me.v He hasnt borrowed a pen from me since we argued.四现在完成时have gone to，have been to与have been in区别现在完成时三种结构的区别现在完成时三种结构的区别have gone to,have been to 与与have been in Black Panther has been to Wakanda ma

25、ny times.Black Panther has been in Wakanda for 2 years.Black Panther has gone to Wakanda.Please point out any mistakes and correctAnn has gone to China since three months ago.been inhas gone to-have/has been inAnn has been in China since three months ago.Please point out any mistakes and correctI ha

26、ve got to Paris for one week.been inhas gone to-have/has been inI have been in Paris for one week.用用have been to,have gone to,have been in 填空填空1.Mike and his parents_the northfor half a year.2.Mum is not at home now.she _the shop.3._ you ever _ to kunming?Never.4.Where _ you _ these days?6.Where is Peter?I dont know where he _.have been inhas gone tohave beenHave beenhas goneSUMMARY1.现在完成时的基本结构。现在完成时的基本结构。2.理解现在完成时的理解现在完成时的2种用法。种用法。3.掌握现在完成时的标志词（掌握现在完成时的标志词（already，since，for等）。等）。4.突破难点突破难点have gone to,have been to,have been in 的区别的区别 短暂性动词变延续性动词。短暂性动词变延续性动词。光说不练假把式光说不练假把式