2023年中考英语二轮复习词法：名词ppt课件.pptx

1、专题1 词法：名词、冠词、代词、数词演讲人名词、名词普通名词可数名词不可数名词专有名词人名和某国人：Einstein,Mr.Broun;Americans,Chinese地名和月、星期及节日：Asia,the Great Wall;May,Sunday,Easter个体名词集体名词单数：desk,dictionary 复数：desks,dictionary 单数：class,famiy复数：classes,families物质名词：bread,paper,oil抽象名词：beauty,love,truth名词的分类命题解析【名词的命题导向】名词的“可数”与“不可数”是命题的热点之一。1.不可数

2、名词前不能与不定冠词连用，之后不能s。2.有些抽象名词却有复数形式，但意义与原来的不同。3.有些可数名词复数有两个意思，一个与单数意义相同，另一个和单数含义不同，考试中这些含义很可能成为考查的内容。词语的固定搭配及名词作定语也是命题的注意点。线型上下导航版单击此处添加文本具体内容，简明扼要的阐述您的观点。单击此处添加正文，文字是您思想的提炼，为了演示发布的良好效果，请言简意赅的阐述您的观点。您的内容已经简明扼要，字字珠玑，但信息却千丝万缕、错综复杂，需要用更多的文字来表述；但请您尽可能提炼思想的精髓，否则容易造成观者的阅读压力，适得其反。正如我们都希望改变世界，希望给别人带去光明，但更多时候我

3、们只需要播下一颗种子，自然有微风吹拂，雨露滋养。恰如其分的表达观点，往往事半功倍。当您的内容到达这个限度时，或许已经不纯粹作用于演示，极大可能运用于阅读领域；无论是传播观点、知识分享还是汇报工作，内容的详尽固然重要，但请一定注意信息框架的清晰，这样才能使内容层次分明，页面简洁易读。如果您的内容确实非常重要又难以精简，也请使用分段处理，对内容进行简单的梳理和提炼，这样会使逻辑框架相对清晰。为了能让您有更直观的字数感受，并进一步方便使用，我们设置了文本的最大限度，当您输入的文字到这里时，已濒临页面容纳内容的上限，若还有更多内容，请酌情缩小字号，但我们不建议您的文本字号小于14磅，请您务必注意。单击

4、此处添加正文，文字是您思想的提炼，为了演示发布的良好效果，请言简意赅的阐述您的观点。您的内容已经简明扼要，字字珠玑，但信息却千丝万缕、错综复杂。分类情 况举 例规则变化一般词后+-sdays,boys,Americanss,x,sh,ch结尾+-esbuses,dishes;(stomachs除外)辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i+-esbabies,factories以f或fe结尾，变f/fe为v+-esleaves,halves,wives;(roofs,safes除外)以o结尾，有生命+-es，无生命+sheroes,potatoes,tomatoes,negroes;pianos,radio

5、s(bamboos除外）不规则变化改变词中元音字母man men,woman women foot feet,goose geese,tooth teeth形式复数，意义单数news,maths,politics单复同形means,deer,sheep,fish,Chinese/Japanese;jin/yuan/mu/li/fen4其它child children,ox oxen（牛）mouse mice（老鼠）名词的复数变化形式巧记小贴士1.单数变复数记忆口诀：单数变为复数式，后加-s 统言之。有些名词须注意，要加-s先加-e。尾音s,z,和t，还有辅音加o时。辅音加y 变ie，f 结尾改

6、 ve。少数名词不规则，男女脚牙鹅孩子，日本绵羊中国鱼，特殊变化要硬记。2.巧记各国人的单、复数变化口诀：“中日不变，英法a、e变，其他-s加后边。”(Chinese,Japanese;Englishman Englishmen,Frenchman Frenchmen;Americans,Canadians)表示名词数量、单位的词语通常，可数名词前可加a/an 或数词表示数、量，而不可数名词则不能。因为数词或不定冠词不能直接修饰不可数名词；不可数名词前必须用一定的“单位词”才行。但是，英语中也有不少词或短语能与可数名词或不可数名词搭配，表示其数、量注意：1单 位 词词组举例(数词/冠词+单位词

7、+of)常与不可数名词搭配piece（块、张）,glass/cup（杯）,drop（滴）block（块）,瓶)a piece of paper/meat/newsa drop of ink;two drops of watera block of ice;six bottles of milk常接复数可数名词row（排）,pair（双、副）group（组）,（队）rows of houses（几排房屋）a pair of trousers（一条裤子）注意：.1.只能用于修饰可数名词的词或短语：many/a number of/a few/few2.只能用于修饰不可数名词的词或短语：much/a

8、 deal of/a little/little3.用于修饰可数/不可数名词两者均可的短语：some/lots of/a lot of /plenty of名词所有格1.表示有生命的名词的所有格(1)一般在名词后加“s”。如:my mothers birthday,Jims pen(2)以 s 结尾的名词所有格，一般只在名词右上角加“”。如:the teachers office,the workers club,boys100-metre race(3)如果两个人共同拥有一样东西，则只在最后一个名词后加上“s”;如果是各自拥有，两个名词后面都要加上“s”。如:Damao and Xiaoma

9、os room(共同拥有)Damaos and Xiaomaos bags(各自拥有)【特别提示】若名词所有格后修饰表示“家、店铺、办公室”等地点的名词,地点名词通常可以省略。如:at Mr.Whites 在怀特先生家 at the doctors 在诊所 at the tailors 在裁缝店2.表示无生命的名词的所有格(1)通常采用“of+名词结构来表示无生命东西的名词所有关系，放在被修饰名词的后面。如:the door of the house 房子的门 the gate of the school 学校的大门口the name of the film 电影的名字 the cover o

10、f the book 书的封面(2)有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命东西的名词，也可以加上“s”来构成所有格。名词所有格3.双重所有格双重所有格是将 of 所有格和“s”所有格结合在一起表示所有关系，一般是在所修饰的名词前有一个表示数量的词或指示代词。如:his,that,a,two,some,any,several,few,no,many 等，但不能用定冠词 the。双重所有格两种形式：名词 A+of+名词 Bs。如:a friend of my sisters 我姐姐的一个朋友 two sons of my brothers 我哥哥的两个儿子名词 A+of+名词性物主代词

11、。如：a book of mine 我的一本书 a classmate of his 他的一位同学【注意】a photo of Kates 凯特的一张照片(照片有很多张,这只是其中之一，照片上拍的不一定是凯特),a photo of Kate 一张凯特的照片(照片上拍的人是凯特)单项选择1Never take any risks.Remember,_ is the most important.AcourageBhealthCwealthDsafety2 I go swimming every day.Wow!Thats a good _.It keeps you healthy.Amatch

12、BtaskChabitDdream3Dr.Zhong gave us much _ on how to protect ourselves from the virus.AideaBsuggestion CadviceDtip4Nice weather,why not go on a trip to Hengshui Lake?That is a good _.Asuggestion BsayingCdecisionDquestion5Helen,how does my new sweater look on me?To tell you the _,its a bit long for yo

13、u.AtruthBtreatCtrustDtrade单项选择6We should care more about the full _ of our children.Aagreement BdevelopmentCrequirementDgovernment7The boy has been missing for five days and his parents were worried about his _.AattentionBactionCsafetyDgrowth8It is not a good _ to read in the sun.It is harmful to yo

14、ur eyes.AtimeBreasonChobbyDhabit9No one is not afraid of difficulties.We say our medical workers are great because they have been fighting with _.AmedicineBwealthCluckDcourage10Your father is always full of _.Yes,he takes a lot of exercise every day.AactionBcourageCknowledge Denergy单项选择11 Where is t

15、he post office,please?I want to buy some _.Its over there,across from the bank.AstampsBtextbooks CgrapesDscarves12How can I get some _ about the XXIV Olympic Winter Games?Why not search the Internet?AprogramBexperienceCpracticeDinformation13I dont know how to use this APP.You can ask Eric.He has a l

16、ot of _ in doing it.AexperienceBcourageCspirit14Stop touching that cat,Tina.Dont you see its owners angry _?AsignBexpressionCfeelingDpreparation15The scientists gave us much _ on how to protect ourselves from the disease.ApeaceBcultureCadviceDmedicine单项选择16The house is near the subway entrance,so th

17、e _ is very convenient.AtraditionBpositionCinstructionDtransportation17There are 56 _ in our country.ApeopleBthe peopleCpeoplesDpersons18The sun is important to us.It provides us with light and _.Youre quite right.Without the sun,there will be no life on the earth.AbeautyBpeaceCheatDfood19What was t

18、he life like in your town 40 years ago,Mr.Li?The living _ were bad and many people didnt have good medical care.AorganizationBpreparationsCinstructionsDconditions20During the Spring Festival,I always help grandma make paper cuttings with _.AsteelBscissorsCspoonsDsense用所给单词的正确形式填空21Qiyang has attract

19、ed many _(visit)in recent years,people are deeply impressed by the local food and scenery.22Although something difficult happened to me,I am not afraid of _(difficult).23He wants to be an _(act)when he grows up.24The girl shows a great _(interested)in cutting paper.25Western people like to use _ and

20、 forks while they are eating.（knife）26This kind of relaxing _(active)is popular with people of all ages.27In two years,_(library)or reading corners will be built in the Hope Primary School.28The computer is really a great _(invent).29How do you improve your _(pronounce)?30I dont know how to deal wit

21、h _(shy).用所给单词的正确形式填空31A number of _(German)like Chinese food.32To Toms surprise and relief,his teammates all nodded in _(agree).33The atmosphere is a mixture of _,including oxygen,water vapor,etc.(gas)34Sorry,I forgot to bring my copy of the report,could I look at _?(you)35Over time,the two boys fo

22、rmed a deep and lasting _.(friend)36The baby has only two _(tooth)now.37With the help of the policeman,the lost wallet has been returned to its _(own).38We must accept the _(possible)that we might be in a wrong direction,so we should change our plan right away.39Wow!So many beautiful women clothes.W

23、ho do they belong to?All of them are for that _(tour).40So many fish have died because of the dirty water.Something must be done to prevent our river _(pollute).用所给单词的正确形式填空41Mary made _(speech)on how to be a good volunteer and we were deeply moved by it.42She didnt tell her parents she was going ho

24、me and wanted to gave them a _(surprising).43I am excited to get my _(hero)poster.I admire him for his hard work.44The twins are proud to be _(member)of the school basketball team.45Another new highway will be in _ in my hometown next month.(serve)46The boy is surprised to know that the camel has tw

25、o _.(stomach)47Dont doubt the _(possible)that a small potato can grow into a big wheel through hard work.48Most of us believe that an eye finds more _ than two ears.(true)49The station is expected to be in _(serve)in 6 months.50At the _(begin)of February,Russia was one of the first countries to send

26、 medical help to China.参考答案 1-5 D C C A A 6-10 B C D A D 11-15 A D A B C 16-20 D C C D B 21visitors 22difficulties 23actor 24interest 25knives 26activity 27libraries 28invention 29pronunciation 30shyness 31.Germans 32agreement 33gases 34yours 35friendship 36teeth 37owner 38possibility 39tourist 40pollution#being polluted 41speeches 42surprise 43heros 44members 45service 46stomachs 47possibility 48truth 49service 50beginning