广西梧州市2022年英语中考阅读理解题型分类解题方法ppt课件.pptx

1、考查事实细节考查事实细节：猜测生词含义猜测生词含义：推理判断推理判断：归纳主旨大意：归纳主旨大意：推测作者的态度、意图和目的推测作者的态度、意图和目的：阅读理解考查题型阅读理解考查题型（一）事实性细节题对时间、地点、特征、方式、数字等的寻找对原因、结果、事实的正确理解常用提问方式：1.According to the passage,who(what,why,where,when，how many/much,how long).?2.According to the passage,which of the following statements is(not)true?通常是特殊疑问句或判

2、断句子正误通常是特殊疑问句或判断句子正误1.He/she should have an interest in making pizza.More importantly,he/she should have work experience in a restaurant.The ad tells us that_A.The assistant must be a man.B.The assistant must have once worked in a restaurant.C.Pucci pizza has branches all over China.D.Every one shou

3、ld be interested in making pizzaB事实理解题解题技巧：事实细节题一般在事实细节题一般在:1文中有文中有原句原句；2找相关信息进行找相关信息进行比对比对;3找找近义词或同义句近义词或同义句;4进行简单数学进行简单数学计算计算;在读文章时把这些信息划下来在读文章时把这些信息划下来（二）猜测词义词汇题是询问文章中出现的某个词、词组或句子含义的题型。常见的提问方式有：1)The word.refers to _2)The underlined.probably means _1、根据定义、释义、举例或复述猜词常用的：be,be called,mean，破折号或定语从句等

4、来表示。Well,Ive relearned it.I hope I have time left to enjoy the successes of others and to take pleasure in the day.Thats the heart of the watermelon.“the heart of the watermelon”refers to_.A.the best part of the watermelon.B.the writers busy life C.the writers decision of making money.D.the writers

5、hope of enjoying life.D2、根据上下文情景和逻辑进行判断 As they go around town,they help people.When they find lost children,they take the children home.If they see a fight,they put an end to it right away.They know all the streets and roads well.Often people ask them how to get to a place in town.In the text,“put

6、an end to”means _A.stop B.cut C.kill D.flyAThere is a place on our earth where hot water and steam come up under the ground.It is on a large island in the Pacific Ocean.The island is North Island in New Zealand.What does the word“steam”mean in Chinese?_A.自来水 B.大气 C.冰川 D.蒸汽Dand3、根据关联词来猜测、根据关联词来猜测3、根据

7、关联词来猜测表示因果关系的：表示同义关系的：表示反义关系的：because,as,since,for,so,as a resultand,like,just asthe same as.but,however,though,although,yet,instead(of)演练1A bag is useful and the word“bag”is useful.It gives us some interesting phrases.One is“to let the cat out of the bag.”It is the same as“to tell a secret”Now when

8、 someone lets out a secret,he“lets the cat out of the bag.”Q:John lets the cat out of the bag”means heA.makes everyone know a secret.B.the woman bout a cat.C.buys a cat in the bag.D.sells the cat in the bag.A If you want to be a musician,you usually have to move to an area that has a lot of jobs,suc

9、h as New York City.The cost of living in these areas is usually very high.The third disadvantage is that you cant have a stable family life.Different jobs will take a musician to different places,so most musicians are unable to have a regular family.What does the underlined word“stable”mean in Chine

10、se?_ A.幸福的 B.稳定的 C.健康的 D.和谐的B（三）推理判断考查逻辑推理能力、语言分析能力和综合归纳能力。下面哪些方式属于推理判断题？1)We can infer(推断)from the story that_2)Whats the passage mainly about?3)It can be inferred from the passage that _4)According to the story,what would happen next?5)The first paragraph tells us that _6)What can we learn from th

11、e passage?1、事实推理：先在文章中找出据以推断的文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。Secondly,a news story has to be interesting and unusual.People dont want to read stories about everyday life.As a result,many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be“bad”news.According to the passage,which of the following can you most

12、 possibly watch on TV?_A.You often play football with your friends after school.B.Your teacher has got a cold.C.A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasnt been caught.D.The bike in front of your house is lost.CdangerbadWhen you cough or sneeze,please turn your head awayfrom others and cover your

13、mouth with the full part of yourhand.Afterwards,you should say,“Excuse me.”This is a rule I set for my students.It is so simple,but many kidshave never been told to do this.What does the underlined word“this”mean?_A.Dont cough or sneeze in front of peopleB.Dont stand beside someone who coughs or sne

14、ezes.C.Many people cough or sneeze on the underground train.D.Cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing and say sorry.D解题技巧：推断题在文章无法直接找到答案，须在正确理解文章字面意思的基础上，运用逻辑推理的方法，综合主旨句、主题句和上下文信息以及作者的措辞，作出总结性的判断。同时要特别注意代词所指代的对象（四）归纳主旨大意:主要包括主题思想、写作意图、文章的题目等常见的提问方式有：蜜桃派 带有 main title、topic purpose的句子Can you find

15、the topic sentence?All living things on the earth need other living things to live.Nothing lives alone.Most animals must live in a group,and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind.Sometimes one living thing kills another,one eats andthe other is eaten.Each kind of life eats a

16、nother kind of lifein order to live,and together they form a food chain.Somefood chains become broken up if one of the links disappears.2.Reading is a good habit,but the problem is,theres too much to read these days,and too little time to read every word of it.There are hundreds of skills to help yo

17、u read more in less time.Here are two skills that I think are especially good._解题技巧：此类题目多出现于议论文和说明文。解题技巧：此类题目多出现于议论文和说明文。要确定文章的主题思想，最重要的是要找到主题要确定文章的主题思想，最重要的是要找到主题句。主题句一般在段首或段尾，有时也在中间。句。主题句一般在段首或段尾，有时也在中间。The Palace Museum，also known as the Forbidden City，is shaping a new image for itself with techn

18、ology，it brings 600 years of history and culture closer to visitors The museum opened websites in Chinese and English Visitors could check the latest information and book tickets on there before their trip Interestingly，to attract more young visitors，there is also a website for children It shows inf

19、ormation and notices in short sentences with colorful cartoons5）Whats the best title of the passage？A A Successful Technology B With TechnologyC A New Image of the Palace Museum D History and Traditional Culture1.找头 Any introduction to Peking Opera would not be complete without telling of Mei Lanfan

20、gs contributions.During his stage life,he combined(a)the traditions of the past and his own creations,creating a style of his own and giving birth toThe Mei Lanfang choo.He was also the first artist to introduce Peking Opera to foreigners,winning international fame()in the world.For half a century,M

21、ei Lanfang was a household name in ChinaOpera.(3)What is the main idea of the passage?A Mei Lanfangs great contributions to Peking Opera B.The creations of soap opera C.The history of Chinatown D.A household name in China_ The balalaika,also calledRussian guitar,is a traditional Russian musical inst

22、rument.It has a long neck,a woodehtriangle shaped body and strings.It is usually used to play Russian music by plucking the strings with fingers or a pick Russians like the balalaika.The music played with it can be cheerful,as if the farmers were dancing happily to celebrate their harvest.It can als

23、o be energetic,as if the workers were working hard to make their country richer and stronger.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A.Balalaika:TheRussian Guitarfor the PoorB.Russia:The Home of Famous Balalaika MusiciansC.Balalaika:A Traditional Russian Musical InstrumentD.Russ

24、ia:The International Hand-made Balalaika Factory_Whare does your food come from?How is it made?These days,many people worry about food.As we all know,food is closely connected to our daily life.We should take actions to make food.Whats the best title of the passage?A Food B.Food safety C.Food proble

25、ms D Testing food2.自问自答是答案 Have you ever paid for educational podcasts or live videos?Ask some people and most of them will say yes.pay-for-knowledgehas been more and more fashionable these years.The contents of these pay-for-knowledgeproducts are from language learning to gardening or baby-caring.E

26、verything you think of can be found online at this moment.pay-for-knowledgeis on the rise but you have to choose wisely.(4)The main purpose of this passage is to A recommend thepay-for-knowledgeproducts to people B.advise everyone to learn knowledge by themselves online C remind people to choosepay-

27、for-knowledgeproducts wisely D.teach parents how to buy some online courses for their children_ Is there a connection between music and language According to recent studies？The answer is yes:Music helps develop certain language abilities in the brain.A study from Northwestern University shows that p

28、laying a musical instrument can improve a persons hearing ability.As a part of the study,two groups of people listened to a person talking in a noisy room.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To introduce different ways of playing music B.To give some advice about making our brain active C.To s

29、how the relationship between music and language abilities D.To share the results of recent studies on treating stroke patients3.转折：好意外吧however,yet,while,but Consider your emotions.you might think that emotions are the enemy of decision making.but in fact they are a part of it.Whenever you make up yo

30、ur mind,your brains emotional centre is active.University of Southern California scientist,Antonio amasia,has studied people with damage to only the emotional parts of their brainsWhats the passage mainly about?A Emotions are a part of decision-making B.Sad people always make worse choices C.No emot

31、ion seems to help us make good choices D.Only sad feeling affect our thinking and motivation you might not think much about where your garbage goes.But now you might want to know how to sort garbage.On July1，Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy(垃圾分类政策)People there need to put different k

32、inds of garbage into different bins.Other cities in China will do the same soon Garbage sorting is a big problem because there is too much garbage these days.It is bad for our environment.In fact,we can make use of some garbage again(5)Which is the best title for the passage?A.Sort Garbage,Save Eart

33、h B.Less Garbage,Cleaner Environment C.Clean Shanghai,Beautiful China D.Different Countries,Different Policies中文附近是考点To err is human.To blame(责备)the other guy is even more human.Common sense is not al that common.These three popular misquotes(戏谑的引语)are meant to be jokes，and yet they tell us a lot ab

34、out human nature To err,or to make mistakes,is indeed a part of being human,but it seems that most people dont want to accept the responsibility for the pro original quote about human nature went like this:3.What would be the best title for this passage?A.A Mirror of Human Nature B.To Blame or to Fo

35、rgive C.A Mark of Maturity D.Truth or Excuse还是找不到？每段的开头第一句/最后一段Lets try（五）作者的意图、态度和目的题 1、作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及修饰手段中体会出来。常见的提问方式有：(1)What is the writers purpose in writing the passage?(2)The writer probably feels that _(3)What is the writers main point?(4)What is the writers attitude to

36、wards?(5)In the passage the writer tries to tell us that _(6)The writer suggest(暗示)that _(7)The writer wants to prove that _题目都是围绕作者的意题目都是围绕作者的意图、目的和态度图、目的和态度解题技巧:想作者所想，忘记你所想 Today I can iron pretty well.I know where to start on a shirt and the right way to do the trousers.Now when I think about it,

37、I dont think she is an old lady.I think she might have been about my age now.Anyway,when I iron,I think of her and silently thank her for all the things I learned.Now the writer _ A.is still afraid of the lady B.hates the strict lady.C.admires the disabled lady.D.is very grateful to the lady.D()1.So

38、me people who hold a high position in the government think they can _.()2.The underlined word“wealthy”means_ in the article.()3.We can infer（推断）that Many people find it happy to _.()4.The passage mainly tells us _.()5.The writer thinks the secret of happiness is that people _考查事实细节考查事实细节归纳主旨大意归纳主旨大意

39、推理判断推理判断猜测生词猜测生词推测作者的意图、态度、目的推测作者的意图、态度、目的2.Doctors believe that smoking is detrimental to your health.4.The boy had a happy family before.However,after the war,he became homeless.1.Wealthy means having lots of money.5.You must stop dreaming and face reality.(富裕的，有钱的）(有害的)(现实)3.My mother-in-law,my h

40、usbands mother,was a teacher.(婆婆)(无家可归的）2.逻辑推理型逻辑推理型2)根据计算判断根据计算判断 If everyone sets their air conditioning(空调)at 26,Beijing will save 400 million kilowatt-hours(千瓦时)of electricity in one summer.Thats one-third of all the usage of the city in the season,”said a TV advertisement.Beijing will use_ mill

41、ion kilowatt-hours electricity in one summer.A.1200 B.800 C.400一一.阅读理解题目的设置方式：阅读理解题目的设置方式：A2.逻辑推理型1）根据常识判断 One day we invited some friends to dinner.When it was about six oclock,my wife found that we had little bread.So she asked our five-year-old daughter,Kathy,to buy some.One day,Kathys parents in

42、vited some friends to_.A.have breakfast B.have lunch C.have supper D.have a party.C一一.阅读理解题目的设置方式：阅读理解题目的设置方式：4.理解词句含义型 Now there are many houses around the lake.people often use chemicals in their gardens.They use other chemicals inside their houses for cleaning or killing insects(昆虫).There are als

43、o many businessmen.Businessmen use chemicals in their machines or shops.“Chemical”in the story means_.A.化学家 B 污染品 C 药品D.化学制品D一一.阅读理解题目的设置方式：阅读理解题目的设置方式：The ways of guessing the new words in context:A.利用构词法进行猜测1.根据单词的前缀与后缀进行猜词。如，care(小心)careful(小心的)carefully(小心地);write(写)rewrite(改写)。un-;dis-;-less:;m

44、is-:;re-:;-ern:-er,-or,-ist:;2.根据根据“合成词合成词”猜测。猜测。如如school+bag schoolbag down+stairs downstairs不无错误再,重复,重新表方向表示人1.rebuild2.modernize3.misleading4.understandable 5.misunderstan-dingA.合理的B.误解C.重建D.现代化E.误导人的 1.A lot of the worlds natural resources like oil come from poor countries.A.环境环境 B.资源资源 C.汽油汽油2.

45、The old man put on his spectacles and began to read.A.cap cap B.rainshoesrainshoes C.glasses.glasses3.My mom was a little heavy.And I was almost as plump as my mom.A.fat fat B.slimslim C.medium built.medium built4.Children have schoolbags with two straps to carry them.A.pockets pockets B.shoulder girdle C.bags.bags