北京市海淀区2021届高三下学期二模英语试卷.docx

1、北京市海淀区2021届高三下学期二模英语试卷学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、完形填空Jeremy can no longer read, drive a car or even recognize faces. But the 20-year-old, who lost his central vision two years ago, can _1_ hit a small white ball into a slightly larger hole from a considerable distance.Jeremy was diagnosed with an extremely r

2、are disease called LHON. Faced with the onset of blindness, Jeremy admits he _2_ into depression for a couple of months and feared hed never play golf again.One day on TV he saw a guy crying bitterly who had just lost his family when a plane crashed down on his house. Jeremy thought, “If this guy ca

3、n make it through this, then I can _3_ having no central vision.” That became his motto: “Things could be _4_.”So six months after losing his sight, Jeremy decided to _5_ his golf club again. He had played every Sunday since the age of twelve with his Dad Lionel. Blind golf brought them even closer

4、because, unlike the regular version of the sport, its a _6_ game.Lionel acts as his sons sighted coach on the course. He _7_ the hole and hazards（障碍）. Then he points in the direction, while Jeremy places his chin on his dads shoulder to get a _8_ of the correct position.They played together and won

5、the World Blind Golf Championship. Besides, Jeremy has been collecting money and raising _9_ of LHON with sponsored bike rides, half-marathons and even sky dives. “Thats the greater _10_ of my doing anything,” he told CNN.1AcasuallyBseriouslyCsuccessfullyDaccidentally2AranBlookedCslippedDburst3Aavoi

6、dBsufferCescapeDsurvive4AfunnierBworseCsimplerDcrazier5Alook forBshow offCpick upDdeal with6AteamBclassCmindDstrength7AclearsBmeasuresCdiscoversDdescribes8AsenseBsignCviewDmark9AlevelsBawarenessCstandardsDspirit10AchallengeBopportunityCpotentialDpurpose二、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。B

7、eijing residents woke up to yellow sky on Sunday morning as northern China_11_ (hit) by the largest sandstorm of the decade.Air pollution readings rose to the upper limit of 500 at 8 a.m., according to data from the citys environmental monitory center, as visibility was reduced to _12_ (little) than

8、 1,000 meters in parts of the city.The citys weather bureau advised residents to stay indoors as much as possible, while experts are working to find out _13_ the sandstorm came into being.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Speaking of map apps, some users have found that they are useful for more than j

9、ust _14_(find) ones way. One man, San Franciscos Lenny Maughan, uses them to make works of art.Lenny runs everywhere he can. _15_ he goes, he tracks his progress by using an app, such as Map MyRun or Strava. As he runs, the app traces a line along the path he follows. So, to make his runs more fun,

10、Lenny decided to run _16_ patterns that would create amazing images. To date, he has shared runs that have turned into images of a heart, a portrait of artist Frida Kahlo, and more.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In 2016, I unpacked my luggage at a newly constructed New York hotel only to realize th

11、at I _17_(forget) my toothpaste. I called room service, and an _18_ (energy) voice responded, Someone will bring it right up. Two minutes later, I opened my door only to discover an object resembling a trash can on wheels, _19_ (equip) with a lid, a large button and a small digital screen. I cautiou

12、sly pushed the button and the lid opened, revealing a toothpaste tube. The digital display flashed Thank you. The robotic visitor then turned around and rolled away. Before it disappeared, I snapped a photo, sending it to a friend, _20_ later responded, Wow, so cool!三、阅读理解Aubrey is a FedEx driver wh

13、o has made regular delivery stops in a rural neighborhood in Indiana. During her stops there, she would see an 11-year-old boy, Elijah, playing basketball with an old and rusty bent hoop.It was crazy to me how happy he was with the broken hoop. Every time I saw him, he was so joyful playing basketba

14、ll. Seeing him so happy stuck with me, said Aubrey.The FedEx driver thought about Elijah many times over the months, and decided that she wanted to bless him in a special way. I just wouldnt stop thinking about it. I really wanted to get him a hoop. He deserves it.Aubrey went out and bought a new ba

15、sketball hoop and installed it when the family wasnt home. She left a note that read: Just wanted you and your son to have the best hoop thatll grow with him and all his friends. She signed herself just one of the FedEx drivers in the area.I read the note, and the moment I realized who it was from,

16、I started to cry, said Coledo, Elijahs mom. When Elijah came home and I showed it to him, he got really emotional. He got teary-eyed but hes an 11-year-old boy, so he really didnt want to admit he was crying, laughed Coledo. He just sat there for 10 minutes staring at the hoop until it really touche

17、d him that she went out of her way to do something just for him.Aubrey had no idea how much her surprise gift had impacted Elijah and his family. They all had gone through a difficult year with Coledos husband suffering a serious injury, and Coledo crashing her car. Its just been a hard year. Were s

18、o humbled and grateful she would do this for us. This has been a huge thing for us, said Coledo.When Aubrey made another FedEx delivery to their neighborhood, Elijah saw her, ran to her and hugged her. Elijah also gave Aubrey a card he made for her. And he invited her to play a game of basketball wi

19、th him and his younger brother.It was almost like wed always known each other. I really bonded with the boys, said Aubrey. Im just really happy they know that someone is out there for them.21Aubrey bought Elijah a new basketball hoop because _.Ashe wanted to make a friend using a surprise giftBshe w

20、as eager to donate to children in the rural areaCshe was impressed by Elijahs passion for basketballDshe thought Elijah was unhappy with the broken hoop22How did the family feel when they saw the new hoop?ATouched.BSatisfied.CRelaxed.DHonored.23What influence did Aubreys gift have on Elijah and his

21、family?AIt helped Elijah achieve his dream.BIt reduced the familys financial burden.CIt gave the family warmth at a difficult time.DIt encouraged Elijah to bond with the other boys.(WAIKING WATER EXPERIMENT)Walking Water Science Experiment for KidsLets get set up for walking water with a few quick a

22、nd easy steps the kids can definitely be a part of! We used test tubes for three sets of primary colors. You can use less as long as you have enough to go around with all the colors mixing. First, add red, yellow, and blue food coloring (one color per test tube) in order. Give each test tube a littl

23、e stir (搅拌)to evenly distribute the color. Try to put the same amount of food coloring in each container. Cut thin strips of white paper towel to fit in the test tubes. Place them into the test tubes. There will be two ends in each tube. Wait and watch what happens. At this point, you can set up a s

24、topwatch to make notes of how long it takes for the colors to meet and mix.Before you insert the strips, you have the perfect opportunity to make some predictions about what will happen. Have your kids come up with a prediction for their experiment? Will the water walk? You can start the conversatio

25、n with What do you think will happen when we put the towels into the water?The whole process starts pretty quickly, but it does take a while for the colors to begin to mix with each other. Extend the science activity: pull out the watercolors and do some color mixing art while you wait. Make sure to

26、 check on your walking water science experiment every once in a while to see the changes that are constantly taking place. The kids will be amazed at how the water seems to fight against gravity! As the paper towels absorb the colored water, the water travels up the towel strip. It meets up with the

27、 other colored water that has traveled up the neighboring strip. Where the primary colors interact, they turn into the secondary colors. Both colors will continue to travel as long as the towel fibers absorb the water.The experiment is colorful and simple to do! Plus, it is interesting for multiple

28、ages. Older kids should be able to set it up all by themselves and can also use our science journal page to record their results.24What materials are needed for the experiment?ATest tubes, food coloring and paper towel.BDrinking water, test tubes and a notebook.CFood coloring, water cups and a paper

29、 cutter.DMixed colors, towel strips and food containers.25In the experiment, youre expected to _.Aadd three colors into each containerBset up a stopwatch from the beginningCput colorful towel strips in the test tubesDstir each test tube to make the color even26Water in the test tubes can walk becaus

30、e _.Afood coloring has the power to take in waterBtowel fibers absorb water and allow it to travelCwater flows naturally under the influence of gravityDcolors interact with each other and thus travel easilyFor todays increasingly interconnected food supply chains, “efficient” is what its supposed to

31、 be: Each country specializes in what its best, at and puts it on the global market. Producers and processors within countries specialize, too, as a way to minimize costs. As a result, at least in theory, prices stay low, the world gets fed and everyone wins.However, the coronavirus crisis demonstra

32、tes what is wrong with this approach. When barriers prevent food from reaching its markets, or demand suddenly drops both of which are happening now the system falls apart.Specialization of the food system makes it hard to shift into different markets when disruptions arise. Belgium, a leading expor

33、ter of potatoes, lost sales not only to local restaurants but also to other countries because of lockdowns（封锁）. At least the Belgians can try to eat the potatoes at home. That strategy wont work for every crop: Ghana, the worlds top cocoa exporter, lost markets when people stalled focusing on buying

34、 essential items instead of chocolate.The loss in export income in Africa more generally could have a huge impact if the pandemic continues, as many countries there rely heavily on imported wheat and rice. The prices of these grains have soared not only because of rising demand for these grains duri

35、ng the crisis, but also because a few countries including Russia and Vietnam imposed export restrictions out of fear that sending food abroad would lead to higher prices at home.Concentrated markets dominated by just a handful of companies heighten food system fragility. For example, just three meat

36、packing plants process over 95 percent of Canadas beef and nearly all of its beef exports. Now, those meat processing plants have had to temporarily shut down because of outbreaks of COVID-19 among workers.Seeing the spoiled products across the world should force all of us to rethink our “efficient”

37、 food supplies. We need to rejuvenate（使恢复活力）local and regional food systems to reduce the vulnerabilities that come with being too reliant on imported and corporate-dominated foods. This doesnt mean cutting off all trade or abolishing all packaged foods, but it does mean building diversity, and incr

38、easing opportunities for small and medium-scale enterprises to flourish in shorter, more sustainable food supply chains that are closer to home.One place to start is for governments to shift their support from the large-scale, specialized and export-oriented food system to building infrastructure fo

39、r more diverse local food systems. Around the world, small-scale and organic producers have been overwhelmed with the surge in interest from customers who want to buy directly from farmers during the crisis. But these producers often lack the infrastructure to meet that demand. As governments around

40、 the world pass stimulus packages to address the crisis, building more diverse and localized food systems should be an obvious inclusion.27In theory, specialization of the food system _.Aadapts to changes efficientlyBbalances supply and demandCfocuses on essential itemsDreduces costs of production28

41、The underlined word “fragility” in Paragraph 5 means _.AweaknessBdiversityCunfairnessDcomplexity29What can we learn from the passage?AA few countries restrict exports to stabilize local food prices.BGrain prices rise due to Africas dependence on importation.CGhana might be less affected by lockdowns

42、 than Belgium was.DPackaged-food consumption should be encouraged to address the crisis.30The main purpose of this passage is to _.Aexpose food security issues during the crisisBadvocate establishing diverse local food systemsCdiscuss the development of a sustainable economyDprove the importance of

43、sound government policiesEvery day, it seems that some new algorithm (算法) enables computers to diagnose a disease with unprecedented accuracy, renewing predictions that computers will soon replace doctors. What if computers could replace patients as well? If virtual humans could have replaced real p

44、eople in some stages of a coronavirus vaccine trial, it could have sped development of a preventive tool and slowed down the pandemic. Similarly, potential vaccines that werent likely to work could have been identified early, reducing trial costs and avoiding testing poor vaccine candidates on livin

45、g volunteers. These are some of the benefits of “in silico medicine”, or the testing of drugs and treatments on virtual organs or body systems to predict how a real person will respond to the therapies.The modeling begins by feeding anatomical data drawn from noninvasive (非侵入式) high- resolution imag

46、ing of an individuals actual organ into a complex mathematical model of the mechanisms that govern that organs function. Algorithms running on powerful computers resolve the resulting equations and unknowns, generating a virtual organ that looks and behaves like the real thing.In silico clinical tri

47、als are already underway to an extent. Heart Flow Analysis, for instance, enables clinicians to identify CAD (冠心病) based on CT images of a patients heart. The Heart Flow system uses these images to construct a fluid dynamic model of the blood running through the coronary blood vessels, thereby identifying abnormal conditions and their severity. Without this technology, doctors would need to perform an invasive operation to decide whether and how to intervene. Experimenting on digital models of individual patients can also help personalize therapy for any number o