Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures 语法（ppt课件） -2023新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.pptx

1、 To be familiar with the function of past participles as the adverbial.To learn to express feelings and describe situations.Look at the following sentences and underline the past participles.Find more of them in the text.In pairs,discuss their functions.1.Born in the USA on 2 January 1970,Whitacre b

2、egan studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988.2.Moved by this music,he said,“It was like seeing color for the first time.”3.Inspired,he asked his fans to make videos1 Whats the logical Subject(主语主语)of the underlined past participles?Whats the relationship between the underlined past partic

3、iples and their Subjects,active or passive?1.Born in the USA on 2 January 1970,Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988.2.Moved by this music,he said,“It was like seeing color for the first time.”3.Inspired,he asked his fans to make videos1.Born in the USA on 2 January 1970,

4、Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988.2.Moved by this music,he said,“It was like seeing color for the first time.”3.Inspired,he asked his fans to make videos 过去分词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系。过去分词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系。Whitacrehehe主主语语1.Looked after carefully,this coat will keep you warm through

5、many winters.2.Shocked by the explosion,the people ran for shelter.它们的主语是？它们的主语是？能否把它们改为完整的状语从句？能否把它们改为完整的状语从句？this coatthe people1.If this coat is looked after carefully,it will keep you warm through many winters.2.As the people were shocked by the explosion,they ran for shelter.省略主语的过去分词短语与完整的状语从句

6、相比有什么区别？省略主语的过去分词短语与完整的状语从句相比有什么区别？1.Looked after carefully,this coat will keep you warm through many winters.If this coat is looked after carefully,it will keep you warm through many winters.2.Shocked by the explosion,the people ran for shelter.As the people were shocked by the explosion,they ran f

7、or shelter.与完整的状语从句相比，与完整的状语从句相比，省略主语的过去分词短语在表达省略主语的过去分词短语在表达上更为简洁和凝练上更为简洁和凝练，是一种较高级的语言组织方式，同时，是一种较高级的语言组织方式，同时突出了句子的表达重心，突出了句子的表达重心，在正式文体中使用较多在正式文体中使用较多。过去分词（短语）作状语过去分词（短语）作状语过去分词（短语）作状语，表过去分词（短语）作状语，表时间、条件、原因、让步、方时间、条件、原因、让步、方式或伴随式或伴随等情况等情况,相当于一个状语从句。相当于一个状语从句。分词动作与其逻辑主语（即句子主语）之间常存在逻辑上的分词动作与其逻辑主语（

8、即句子主语）之间常存在逻辑上的被动关系。被动关系。如：如：Watered more,these plants could have grown better.过去分词（短语）作状语时，一般可转换为相应的由关系词过去分词（短语）作状语时，一般可转换为相应的由关系词引导的状语从句。引导的状语从句。如：如：Caught in heavy rain,he was wet all over.As he was caught in heavy rain,he was wet all over.1.作时间状语时，可转换为作时间状语时，可转换为when或或while等引导的从句，常放句等引导的从句，常放句首。

9、首。Seen from the top of the hill(=When it is seen from the top of the hill),the school looks like a big garden.从山上看，这个学校像个大花园。从山上看，这个学校像个大花园。2.作条件状语时，可转换为作条件状语时，可转换为once,if或或unless等引导的从句，一般等引导的从句，一般放句首。放句首。Given more attention(=If it was given more attention),the fire could have been avoided.如果多注意一些，

10、这场大火本来能避免的。如果多注意一些，这场大火本来能避免的。3.作原因状语时，可转换为作原因状语时，可转换为because,as或或since等引导的从句，等引导的从句，多放句首。多放句首。Encouraged(=As she was encouraged)by the teacher,the girl was very happy.由于被老师鼓励，这个女孩儿非常高兴。由于被老师鼓励，这个女孩儿非常高兴。4.作让步状语时，可转换为作让步状语时，可转换为though,although或或even if引导的从引导的从句，常放句首。句，常放句首。Left(=Although she was lef

11、t)alone at home,Jenny didnt feel afraid at all.尽管被单独留在家里，但是珍妮一点都不害怕。尽管被单独留在家里，但是珍妮一点都不害怕。5.作方式或伴随状语时，常可转换为并列分句，位于句首或作方式或伴随状语时，常可转换为并列分句，位于句首或句末。句末。Surrounded by his students,the teacher went into the lab.(=The teacher was surrounded by his students and he went into the lab.)这个老师被学生们环绕着走进了实验室。这个老师被学生

12、们环绕着走进了实验室。6.过去分词过去分词(短语短语)作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带连词作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带连词when,while,if,though,as if,unless等。等。When given a physical examination,you should keep calm.做体检的时候，你应该保持镇静。做体检的时候，你应该保持镇静。Rewrite the story using past participles as the adverbial.The Silver Hall is usually used for singing performances

13、and is full of cheers and energy.Usually used for singing performances,the Silver Hall is full of cheers and energy.21 Henry was highly interested in music and began to write original compositions when he was in high school.Highly interested in music,Henry began to write original compositions when h

14、e was in high school.2 They were pleased with his music and songs and finally invited him to perform in the Silver Hall.Pleased with his music and songs,they finally invited him to perform in the Silver Hall.1.找到含有过去分词的句子找到含有过去分词的句子 2.找到两个句子共同的主语找到两个句子共同的主语 3.省略连词和主语及相关部分省略连词和主语及相关部分 4.整理句子整理句子3 Tho

15、ugh he was affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance,Henry was still capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness.Though affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance,Henry was still capable of writing compositions a

16、nd he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness.n.减轻消除减轻消除;解脱解脱;轻松轻松adj.有能力的有能力的;有才能的有才能的n.药物药物;治疗治疗 vt.治愈治愈;解决解决4 When he got absorbed in his world of music,he felt as if he could“see”the beauty of the world around him,like he had in his previous life.Absorbed in his world of

17、music,he felt as if he could“see”the beauty of the world around him,like he had in his previous life.Find out the differences in meaning and function between the newly written sentences and the original ones.adj.先前的先前的;以往的以往的被被吸引吸引;专心致志专心致志Match the sentence halves and rewrite each sentence beginnin

18、g with a past participle.1 The room had been painted in dark colours2 Dave was unemployed3 The girl was moved by his romantic words4 He was corrected by his teacher from time to time5 The album was recorded in a new way6 He was invited to perform on the stageA so he had time to consider what job he

19、really wanted.B so he felt nervous and excited.C so it was expected to be popular with techno fans.D so she accepted his gift.E so it needed some bright lights.F so he lost interest in singing.EADFCB31.Painted in dark colours,the room needed some bright lights.2.Unemployed,Dave had time to consider

20、what job he really wanted.3.Moved by his romantic words,the girl accepted his gift.4.Corrected by his teacher from time to time,he lost interest in singing.5.Recorded in a new way,the album was expected to be popular with techno fans.6.Invited to perform on the stage,he felt nervous and excited.Well

21、 known as a successful band,the Impact members show quite a few striking qualities.They never ever give up.When _(question)by the media,they are not _(discourage)and practise even harder.They are improving themselves by attending several master training classes.They are united._(fill with)team spiri

22、t,they act as a whole,always aiming for glory.Complete the passage with the words in brackets in their correct forms.questioneddiscouragedFilled withn.巨大影响巨大影响;强大作用强大作用n.目标目标 v.争取做到争取做到;瞄准瞄准;旨在旨在4含过去分词状语的句子的特点：含过去分词状语的句子的特点：作状语的过去分词短语常相当于状语从句。作状语的过去分词短语常相当于状语从句。过去分词的逻辑主语和句子过去分词的逻辑主语和句子主语一致主语一致。过去分词与

23、其逻辑主语之间是过去分词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系被动关系。过去分词短语作状语所表达的状语类别，要根据整个句过去分词短语作状语所表达的状语类别，要根据整个句子的意思来推断。子的意思来推断。分词作状语答题记忆口诀：分词作状语答题记忆口诀：分词作状语，主语是问题。分词作状语，主语是问题。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动主动-ing,被动用被动用-ed.Having done 表先后，千万要牢记。表先后，千万要牢记。用括号内动词的正确形式填空。用括号内动词的正确形式填空。1.The _(reduce)price of egg

24、s can save you one dollar for each dozen.2.Here are some new computer programs _(design)for language learning.3._(leave)alone in the dark room,the little boy was so frightened that he cried.4.My father must have been very angry,for we heard the glass _(break)on the floor.reduceddesignedLeftbroken5.M

25、y teacher seemed quite _(satisfy)with my work and praised me in her class.6.The foreigner tried his best,but he still couldnt make his point _(understand).7.Generally speaking,when _(take)according to directions,the drug has no side effect.satisfiedunderstoodtaken用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面短文。用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面短文。

26、When someone falls asleep as Robin Prechter is playing music,she is 1._(please).2._(know)as an experienced music therapist,Prechter works for the Northeast Georgia Health System,which just officially started its therapeutic music program.3._(fund)completely by employees from the Northeast Georgia He

27、alth System,the program is meant for those at the Gainesville hospital who are seriously ill or near the end of their life.pleased Known Funded “Live therapeutic music is an art form based on the science of sound,”said Chuck Beckman,director of the program.“Our music therapists,who are 4._(talent)at

28、 this kind of art form,try to create a healing(治愈的治愈的)environment for patients.”talented 1.he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness.relief n.1)lessening or removing of pain,distress,anxiety,etc (焦虑、痛苦的焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除减轻或消除 2)a feeling of happiness that something unpleasant has

29、not happened or has ended (不快过后的不快过后的)宽慰、轻松宽慰、轻松或解脱或解脱to ones relief 使某人感到宽慰的是使某人感到宽慰的是in/with relief 如释重负；松了口气如释重负；松了口气give relief to ones sorrow 减轻某人的悲伤减轻某人的悲伤a sense of relief 解脱感解脱感What a relief!可轻松了！让人放心了！可轻松了！让人放心了！It is a relief to do sth.做做是一种宽慰是一种宽慰relieve v.(疼痛疼痛/问题问题)减轻减轻,缓解缓解relieve ones

30、 pain 减轻某人痛苦减轻某人痛苦relieve sb.of 解除某人解除某人方面的负担方面的负担e.g.The drug gives some relief from pain.To my relief,they spoke English.He laughed in relief.After the exam,I felt an incredible sense of relief.This drug will relieve your discomfort.He rose and relieved her of her bags.【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空单句语法填空。1)_,t

31、he kids arrived home safe and sound.让我们感到非常宽慰的是，孩子们都安然无恙地回家了。让我们感到非常宽慰的是，孩子们都安然无恙地回家了。2)Drugs helped to _.药物帮助舒缓疼痛。药物帮助舒缓疼痛。To our great reliefrelieve the pain2.When he got absorbed in his world of music,he felt as if he could“see”the beauty of the world around him like he had in his previous life.a

32、bsorbed adj.very interested in sth/sb so that you are not paying attention to anything else 全神贯注的全神贯注的absorbed in sth/sb 被被吸引住；吸引住；专心致志专心致志absorb v.消减消减;缓冲缓冲;吸收吸收;合并合并;吸引住吸引住(某人某人)的注意力或兴趣的注意力或兴趣absorbing adj.十分吸引人的十分吸引人的(be)absorbed in sth/sb 被被吸引住；专心致至吸引住；专心致至be absorbed into 被吸收被吸收(纳入纳入)absorb.int

33、o 把把吸收进吸收进absorb.from 从从中吸收中吸收/取取(be)absorbed in(doing)sth.专心专心(做做)某事某事absorb ones attention 吸引某人注意吸引某人注意 e.g.I get so absorbed in doing something that I am unaware of things happening round me.She seemed totally absorbed in her book.The scientific discovery absorbed the physicians attention.【语境应用语境

34、应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)_(专注于我的每一个动作专注于我的每一个动作),the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique culture and they couldnt help taking pictures from time to time.2)We will be fully _(absorb)in the attractive and fascinating performances.3)When deeply _(absorb)in work,he would forget all about eating

35、 and sleeping.Absorbed in every move of mineabsorbedabsorbed同义句转换同义句转换He was absorbed in writing a letter and didnt even look up when I came in.(用过去分词短语作状语改写用过去分词短语作状语改写)_,he didnt even look up when I came in.Absorbed in writing a letter句型转换句型转换Tom was absorbed in his work,so he forgot to inform me

36、of the time of the meeting._,Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(现在分词作状语现在分词作状语)_,Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(过去分词作状语过去分词作状语)Absorbing himself in his workAbsorbed in his work3.they act as a whole,always aiming for glory.aim vt.to plan,hope or intend to achieve

37、 something 目的是；旨在目的是；旨在 vi.&vt.to try or intend to achieve something 力求达到；力争做到；瞄准力求达到；力争做到；瞄准 n.something you hope to achieve by doing something 目的；目标目的；目标 1)aim at/be aimed doing sth.瞄准瞄准,对准对准;旨在旨在(做做)某事某事 aimed to do sth.目标目标/目的是做某事目的是做某事2)with the aim of 目的是目的是；以以为目标为目标 take aim at 瞄准瞄准；对准对准 achi

38、eve ones aim 实现某人的目标实现某人的目标aimless adj.漫无目的的；无目标的漫无目的的；无目标的aimlessly adv.漫无目的地；无目标地漫无目的地；无目标地e.g.The campaign aims at making people aware of the importance of protecting the environment.After graduation from university,he aimed to become a designer.She went to London with the aim of finding a job.Te

39、amwork is required in order to achieve these aims.【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空单句语法填空。1)The aim of education is _(teach)young people to think for themselves and not follow others blindly.2)Jane moved _(aimless)down the treelined street,not knowing where she was heading.(2017北京卷北京卷)3)_(为了筹款为了筹款)the local charity,

40、we invited several famous musicians and singers.to teachaimlesslyWith the aim of raising some money for一句多译一句多译为了通过为了通过2022年高考，他努力学习。年高考，他努力学习。He studies hard,_ the 2022 College Entrance Examination.(aim to do)He studies hard,_ the 2022 College Entrance Examination.(aim at)He studies hard _ passing the 2022 College Entrance Examination.(介词短语介词短语)aiming to passaiming at passingwith the aim of1.Do exercises on grammar in the workbook.2.Write a short passage in 70 words to introduce the music you like using at least 4 sentences with past participles as the adverbial.