高中英语高考增分必背熟词生义汇总（共十组）.doc

1、高考英语增分必背熟词生义（一）1.grade 熟义：n.年级；成绩，评分等级 生义：v.给评分；分等级(2022新高考卷阅读 A) Additionally，from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.此外，我会不时安排小组作业在课堂上完成，或安排用时少的作业在家里完成，这两项都会被评分。2.period 熟义：n.时期；阶段 生义：n.学时，课，节 (2

2、022新高考卷阅读 A)An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late.未在截止日期上课时提交的论文，每迟交一堂课，就会失去一个字母等级。3.assign 熟义：v.布置，指派（工作、任务等） 生义：v.确定（时间、地点等）（2022新高考卷阅读 A） All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online l

3、earning and course management system.所有作业将在指定日期前通过黑板、在线学习和课程管理系统提交。4.way 熟义：n.方式；方法 生义：adv.大量地 (2022新高考 卷阅读 B) Even worse， I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我本可以用我扔掉的东西做六份沙拉。5.reject 熟义：v.拒绝 生义：v.（因质量不好而）废弃 (2022新高考卷阅读B) Its

4、 jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away from ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.令人瞠目结舌的是，有多少完美的食物被扔掉了从“丑陋”（但还可以吃）的蔬菜被食品商拒绝，到大量没吃完的菜被扔进餐馆的垃圾桶。6.recover 熟义：v.恢复 生义：v.回收，重新利用produce 熟义：v.生产；制造

5、 生义：n.农产品 (2022新高考卷阅读 B)Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished（有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields.去年，它通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，回收了超过 807，500 磅的食物，否则这些农产品会在田地里腐烂。7.dry 熟义：adj.干的；干燥的 生义：v.（使）变干，（把）弄干(2022新高考卷阅读 B)Volunteers wi

6、ll wash， cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或把它们弄干，以便在路上用餐。8.keep 熟义：v.维持；保持 生义：v.养，饲养(2022新高考卷阅读 C) She said：“I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.她说：“我小时候养过母鸡，每天早上上学前都要为它们准备早餐。”9.run 熟义：v

7、.跑 生义：vt.发表，刊登title 熟义：n.题目 生义：vt.给加标题 (2022新高考卷阅读七选五）Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.健身杂志最近刊登了一篇题为“感谢你的锻炼伙伴的五个理由”的文章。10.read 熟义：v.朗读 生义：vt.写着（2022新高考卷阅读七选五）One reason was： Youll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the

8、 gym, while another read: Youll work harder if you train with someone else.一个原因是：“如果你知道有人在体育馆等你，你就会出现”，另一个原因写着：“如果你和别人一起训练，你会更加努力。”11.weight熟义：n.重量 生义：n.重物，杠铃(2022新高考卷阅读七选五)Over time，both of you will benefityour partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.随着时间的推

9、移，你们双方都会受益你的伙伴将能够举起更重的杠铃，你的身体也将变得更加健康。（二）1.roll 熟义：n.卷，滚动，翻滚 vi.滚，滚动 生义：v.发出持续的声音(2022新高考卷完形填空)The wind picked up and thunder rolled.狂风大作，雷声隆隆。2.start 熟义：v.开始 生义：v.发动，启动(2022新高考卷完形填空)My husband stopped fishing to start the motor.我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。3.dead 熟义：adj.死去的 生义：adj.（机器或设备）不运行的，不转动的(2022新高考卷完形填空)We

10、were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.我们被困在湖中央，马达不运行了。4.some 熟义：pron.一些，几个 生义：adv.大约，差不多celebrate 熟义：v.庆祝 生义：v.纪念，赞美，颂扬 (2022全国乙卷阅读A)This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotlands best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London.这场大约 60 幅

11、纪念苏格兰最受喜爱的画家亨利雷伯恩爵士生平代表作的展览来到伦敦。5.present 熟义：n.礼物 生义；v.推出(2022全国乙卷阅读A)Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public,苏格兰国家肖像画画廊为公众推出了一系列的讲座。6.sweep 熟义：v.扫，打扫，清扫 生义：n.连绵弯曲的地带move熟义；v.移动 n.运动 生义；v.促使（某人做某事），使去做(2022全国乙卷阅读 B)The sweep of the land and the s

12、toicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing.广袤的大地和坚忍的人们促使她写出了一些美丽的文字。7.alone 熟义：adj.单独的；独自的 生义：adv.仅仅，单，只(2022全国乙卷阅读C)It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to in

13、spect and repair the rail infrastructure.据计算，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上花费就约为 200 亿欧元，包括派遣维护人员，经常在夜间检查和维修铁路基础设施。8.best 熟义：adj.& adv.最好的（地） 生义：n.最好的事物（或人）pick 熟义：v.选择；采摘 生义：n.精品，精华 (2022全国甲卷阅读 A)Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UKs touring shows, the New Theatre is Cardiffs oldest s

14、urviving traditional theatre.这座新剧院是加的夫市现存最古老的传统剧院，它展示了伦敦西区最好的一面以及最精彩的英国巡回演出。9.given 熟义：adj 规定的，指定的 生义：adj.特定的practice 熟义：n.练习 生义：n.习俗，习惯(2022全国甲卷阅读七选五)The more time you spend in any given country, the more comfortable youll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.你在任何一个特定的国家待的时间越长，你就会开始对它的

15、异国文化习俗感到越适应。10.tell 熟义：v.告诉；讲述 生义：v.了解，知道：看出；确切地判断(2022全国甲卷完形填空)You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.你可以从一个人如何对待他的狗来了解很多。11.walk 熟义：vi.走，步行 生义：v.遥，牵着（动物）走(2022全国甲卷完形填空)The next week we walked our dogs together.第二周，我们一起去遛狗。（三）1.score 熟义：n.得分；分数 vt.& vi.得分；评分生义：n.（音乐）总谱 vt.获得flow 熟

16、义：v.（使）流动，流通 生义：n.连贯，流畅 (2021新高考卷阅读B) His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesnt have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.他的工作就是坐在钢琴师旁边，翻动总谱，这样音乐家就不用自己动手而打断音流了。(2021全国甲卷阅读七选五)Its the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothe

17、s from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.这是扔掉你的旧衣服、从你朋友那里获得衣服并同时举办派对的最佳方式。2.draft 熟义：n.草稿；草案 vt.起草；草拟 生义：n.（小股）气流stand 熟义：vi.站立；起立；位于 生义：n.架；座 (2021新高考卷阅读 B)“I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off t

18、he stand,” Mr Titterton said.Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.Titterton先生说：“我正在翻页为下一页做准备，但翻页的气流导致备用页从架子上掉下来，幸运的是我抓住了它们并将它们放回去。”3.note 熟义：n.笔记；便条 vt.注意；指出 生义：n.音符；音调(2021新高考卷阅读 B) Hes absorbed in the music, feeling every note.他沉浸在音乐中，感受着每一个音符4.passage熟义：n.一段文章 生义：n.通过(2021 ,新高考卷阅读C)

19、In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.1934年，随着候鸟狩猎鸭票法案的通过，一个日益感到担忧的国家采取了坚决的行动，以阻止对迁徙水禽及其生存至关重要的湿地的破坏。5.makeup 熟义：n.化妆品

20、 生义：n.性格；气质 (2021新高考卷阅读D) Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a persons makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.”许多人现在把情商误解为一个人的性格中无法被智商测试衡量的理想化的一切，例如性格、动

21、机、信心、心理稳定性、乐观和“人际交往能力”。6.excite 熟义：vt.使激动；使兴奋 生义：vt.激发；引起(2021 新高考卷阅读D) Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.尽管情商继续受到大众的青睐是可取的，但我们希望这种关注将引起人们对情感的科学研究和

22、学术研究的更大兴趣。7.plant 熟义：n.植物 生义：n.工厂；发电厂（2021新高考卷完形填空）It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break, for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records.正好在春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子来临时帮忙，在这段时间，我除了听听最喜欢的唱片之外没有别的计划。8.role 熟义：n.角色 生义：n.职能，职责（2021新高考卷

23、完形填空）Our roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt.我们在工厂的职责很简单：将蛋糕放在传送带上。9.must 熟义：modal verb 必须；一定 生义：n.必须做 的事(2021新高考卷语法填空）While youre in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit!当你在中国时，黄山是必游之地！10.sink 熟义：vi.下沉；沉没 生义：n.洗涤池，洗碗槽(2021新高考卷读后续写)Jenna threw the burnt piece into the

24、 sink and put in the other slice of bread.珍娜把烧焦的一块扔进洗涤池里，然后放入另一片面包。11.pour 熟义：vt.& vi，倾倒，倒；（雨）倾盆而下 生义：vi.不断涌向(2021全国乙卷阅读A)People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.从古希腊时代起，人们就一直不断涌入体育场馆。12.inform 熟义：vr.通知；告知 生义：v.对有影响(2021全国乙卷阅读 A)In around 80 A.D.,the Romans built the

25、Colosseum, which remains the worlds best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.大约在公元80年，罗马人建造了罗马斗兽场，它仍然是世界上最著名的体育场，并继续影响着当代的设计。（四）1.event 熟义：n.事件，大事 生义：n.比赛项目 (2021全国乙卷阅读 A)All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.所有这

26、些体育场馆仍在使用，仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大型的体育赛事。2.pressure 熟义：n.压力；挤压；大气压 生义：vt.逼迫：使迫不得已(2021全国乙卷阅读 C)Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.Von Wong 希望他的工作也能有助于迫使大公司减少它们的塑料足迹。3.weight 熟义：n.重量；重 生义：n.重担；压力 (2021全国乙卷阅读七选五)He or she is the person who is fee

27、ling the weight of that awkwardness the most.他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬压力的人。4.given 熟义：adj，规定的；指定的 prep.考虑到 生义：n.认定的事实(2021全国乙卷完形填空)Oh this isnt for the care I had.I take that as a given.哦，这不是为了我得到的护理，我认为那是理所当然的。5.note 熟义：n.笔记：便条 生义；n.纸币，钞票 (2021全国乙卷完形填空)When she reached one nurse, she tried to press a five-poun

28、d nole into her hand当她走到一名护士身边时，她试图把一张五英镑的钞票塞到她手里。6.entry 熟义：n.进入；参与 生义：n.参赛作品（2021全国甲卷阅读 A） Each year，the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.每年，参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。7.rise 熟义：v.上升；升起；

29、（数量）增加 生义：n.小山；小丘(2021全国甲卷阅读 A)I climbed to the top ofa small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep.我爬到一个小山丘的顶部，发现薄雾只有几英尺厚8.set 熟义：ut.放，置，使处于；使开始 生义：vi.落（下） (2021全国甲卷阅读 A).though it was onlya short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully

30、clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west.虽然攀爬的路程很短，但我发现自己已经完全爬到了山顶上，在夕阳西下的背景下，我看到了Skiddaw 非常清晰的景色。9.point 熟义：n.要点；得分 vt.指向 生义：n.地方， 地点(2021全国甲卷阅读 A) Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe, a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the

31、 dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow.我沿着一条穿过森林的小路向当地的至高点Shutlingsloe 走去，遇到了一小块空地，立刻注意到了在新雪的映衬下枯黄的草丛。10.run 熟义：vi.奔跑；跑 生义：vt.经营；管理(2021全国甲卷阅读 B)Port Lympne Reserve.which runs a breeding （繁育)programme， has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf （犀牛幼崽）.负责繁育计划的 Port Lympne Reserve 迎来

32、了一只稀有的黑犀牛幼崽。11.gray 熟义：adj.灰色的；苍白的 生义：adj.阴沉沉的(2021全国甲卷阅读 C)When I was 9.we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning.我9岁那年，在一月份一个阴沉沉的早晨，我们收给好洛杉矶家中的行装，来到伦敦命思罗机场。12.class 熟义：n.班级；班 生义：n.阶级，社会阶层determine 熟义；心.决定；决心（做某事） 生义；vt.影响；决定(2021全国甲卷阅读 D)And the

33、 more we look， the more we will see that social factors (因素) like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius,而且我们看到得越多，我们就越会发现像性别、种族和阶层这样的社会因素并不能影响天才的出现。（五）1.cover熟义：vt.覆盖 生义：vt.包含，包括，涉及；足以支付，够付(2020全国卷听力材料）The language use is good and the main points are covered.语言运用良好，并涵盖了主要

34、要点。(2020新高考卷阅读 B) Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills.她丈夫做两份工作来支付账单2.case 熟义：n.情况 生义：n.套；盒；箱；容器 (2020全国卷听力材料)It has one of the new memory sticks, and a protective case for filming underwater, so you can take it when you go diving.它有一个新的记忆棒和一个水下拍摄的保护套，所以当你潜水时，你可以带着它。3.history 熟义：n.历史 生义：n.

35、（某人的）经历，履历 (2020全国卷阅读C).so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.因此有此类伤病史的人在进行这项运动时可能要谨慎一些。4.beat 熟义：vt.& vi.敲打 生义：vt.快速搅拌，打 (2020全国卷短文改错) Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopsticks.接着我把鸡蛋打进碗里，然后用筷子快速搅拌。5.welcome熟义：vt.&vi.

36、欢迎 生义：adj.令人愉 快的(2020全国卷阅读B) Theres a welcome familiarity but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship.那里有一种令人愉快的亲近感，但有时也会让人产生一种轻微的怀疑：时间已经改变了你们两人，也改变了你们的关系。6.follow 熟义：vt.& vi.跟随，跟着 生义：vt.仿效；追随：拥护(2020全国I卷阅读七选五) Do not follow the people who make you

37、 feel not-good-enough.不要追随那些让你感觉不够好的人。7.print 熟义：vt.& vi.在纸上印；打印 生义：vt.（在松软的表面上）压印(2020全国卷阅读D)These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.这些包括在叶子上印上传感器来显示何时缺水的植物，以及一种可以检测到地下水中的有害化学物质的

38、植物。7.strength 熟义：n.力量；力气 生义：n.长处；优点 (2020全国卷阅读七选五)Now that youve listed your strengths, list your imperfections.既然你已经列出了自己的优点，那就列出你的缺点吧。9.drive 熟义：vt.& vi.驾驶；开车 生义：vt.迫使；驱使(2020全国卷完形填空）It will drive us crazy.这会使我们发疯的。10.original 熟义：adj.原来的 生义：n.原作，原稿 (2020全国卷完形填空).the official confirmed that the pai

39、ntings were originals and worth as much as $50 million.这位官员证实，这些画是真迹，价值高达5，000 万美元。11.frequent 熟义：adj.经常发生的 生义：vt.常去；常到（某处）(2020全国卷阅读 D)Encourage readers to use the library.Share library announcements on your social media.Frequent them and talk about them when you can.鼓励读者使用图书馆。在你的社交媒体上分享图书馆的公告。当你可以

40、的时候，经常去图书馆并谈论它们。12.translate 熟义：vt.& vi.翻译 生义：vt，& vi.（使）转变，变为(2020全国卷阅读B)“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate (旋转) and translate shapes, Levine said in a statement.“那些玩拼图游戏的孩子比那些不玩拼图游戏的孩子在评估他们的旋转和改变物体形状的活动中表现得更

41、好，”Levine在一份声明中说。（六）1.wild 熟义：adj、野生的，荒凉的 生义：n.野生状态(2020全国卷阅读C) Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild.海狸鼠被毛皮养殖者从阿根廷带到那里，然后被放归野外。2.field 熟义：n.田地 生义：n.领域(2020全国卷阅读C)“Its destroying the environment, Its them or us,” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this fiel

42、d.“它正在破坏环境。要么是它们，要么是我们，”该领域的专家迈克尔马西米说。2.green 熟义：adj.绿色的 生义：adj.环保的 (2020全国卷阅读 C) He says its not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it.他说，让人们相信海狸鼠的毛皮是环保的并不容易，但他对此毫不怀疑。4.bond 熟义：n.关系，联系 生义：vt.& vi.建立（与某人的）互信关系(2020全国卷阅读 D)It was a special time to bond with my

43、 children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.这是一个与我的孩子们建立亲子互信关系的特殊时刻，让他们对书充满了好奇。5.bridge 熟义：n.桥 生义：n.起联系作用的事件；纽带(2020全国卷阅读 D)I see libraries as a safe haven (避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book.我认为图书馆对于读者和作家来说是一个安全的避风港，是帮助把书和读者联系在一起的 纽带，6.

44、fair 熟义：adj.公平的 生义；n.展销会 (2020全国1卷阅读D)Sponsor book fairs.赞助图书展销会。7.cold 熟义：adj，寒冷的 生义：adj.冷漠的 (2020全国卷阅读七选五)Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly.甚至一封正式的电子邮件也好像是冷漠的，不友好的。8.difficult 熟义：adj.困难的 生义：adj.（人）难对 付的(2020全国卷完形填空)If a customer is rude or difficult, just think Maybe shes had a row

45、with her husband.Maybe her childs not well.如果顾客粗鲁或难对付，就想“也许她和她丈夫吵架了，也许她的孩子身体不好。”9.draw 熟义：vt.& vi.画，描画 生义：vt.引起；激起（2020全国卷阅读B） Already， a number of films .have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them havent been treated properly.一些电影已经引起了积极分子的愤怒，他们说在电影中表演的动物没有得到善待。10.number

46、 熟义：n.数字；号码 生义：vi.总计；共计 (2020全国卷阅读 D)The Bajau， as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines.这些人被称为巴瑶人，在印度尼西亚、马来西亚和菲律宾总计成千上万人。11.scene 熟义：n.（尤指不愉快事件发生的）地点，现场生义：n.（尤指当众、有失体面的）争吵，吵闹(2020全国卷完形填空）.the whole thing develops into an unpleasant sc

47、ene and that ruins everyones day.事情发展成了一次不愉快的争吵，毁了大家一天的心情。12.float 熟义：vi.漂浮；浮动 生义：vt.提出，提 请考虑(2020全国I卷阅读 C)“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house, says Kathryn Whitehead.“我们向我妈妈提出了合租一套房子的建议，”沉瑟琳怀特黑德说。13.story 熟义：n.故事 生义：n.新闻报道(2020全国卷阅读 C)Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted.像那样的新闻报道在世界上的一些地方更为常见，这些地方几世同堂生活在一起的想法更根深蒂固。（七）1.harvest 熟义：n.收获；收割 生义：vt.& vi.捕猎（动物、鱼）(2020全国卷阅读D)They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting