高中英语专题：100句翻译(100句).doc

1、写在前面的话：翻译练习的目的，不是为了把大作文变成中译英（也没那个时间和必要）。v 翻译练习的目的是1. 提高语法；2.掌握NSE（Native Speaker Expressions）;3.学会拓展。v 正确的使用方法是，盖住参考答案，根据中文和搭配进行翻译。v 效果：举个例子：有一位学生，曾经把翻译100句，总共练习了10次，在一个月内写作直接从5.5分提高到6.5。_简单的主谓宾结构 翻译1：经常做运动会提高人的自信（boost peoples confidence）正确的句子：Regular exercise can boost peoples confidence. 句子结构：主语+

2、及物动词+宾语(confidence) 拓展练习：经常参加体育活动能够提高人们的自信心，这不但对年轻人而且对老人很重要。拓展提示：可以用定语从句扩充。正确的句子：Participating in sports frequently can boost peoples confidence, which is important not only to the youth but also to the elderly. 翻译2：教学的质量(The quality of teaching)对学生成绩(academic performance)有很大的影响。正确的句子：The quality of

3、 teaching can make a huge difference to students academic performance. 句子结构：主谓宾也可以用并列句拓展 拓展练习：教学的质量被认为是决定学生成绩的关键，因此，家长喜欢为孩子选择名校（prestigious schools）。拓展提示：试着用并列句来拓展 正确的句子：The quality of teaching can make a huge difference to students academic performance, and therefore, parents prefer to choose prest

4、igious schools for children. 翻译3：家长和老师应该努力去限制小孩看电视的时间(screen time)。正确的句子：Parents and teachers should make an effort to limit childrens screen time. 句子结构：主语（parents and teachers）+及物动词(make)+宾语(effort) 拓展练习：家长和老师应该努力去减少孩子看电视的时间，这样(thereby)会保护孩子的视力(protect childrens eyesight)，鼓励他们做户外运动 (outdoor activit

5、ies）。正确的句子：Parents and teachers should make an effort to limit childrens screen time, thereby protecting childrens eyesight and encouraging them to do more outdoor activities. 翻译4：经济的下滑（economic slowdown）已经导致失业率的上升。正确的句子：Economic slowdown has led to a climbing unemployment rate. 句子结构：主语+及物动词+宾语拓展练习：

6、经济下滑已经导致失业率上升，因为雇主打算降低营运费用（cut overheads）而且拒绝雇用新员工（recruit new employees）。拓展提示：直接用because，不用加逗号了。正确的句子：Economic slowdown has led to a climbing unemployment rate because employers intend to cut overheads and refuse to recruit new employees. 另外一个豆瓣的学生写的句子也不错： Economic slowdown has led to a climbing un

7、employment rate, as people are reluctant to start up new businesses and a number of giant companies downsize their workforce. 中文翻译：经济下滑已经导致失业率上升，因为人们不情愿对开展新事业，而且很多大公司裁员。翻译5：一个国家的经济发展( economic development)需要年轻的劳动者正确的句子：A countrys economic development relies on a supply of young workers 句子结构：主语+及物动词+

8、宾语拓展练习：一个国家的经济发展依靠一定量的年轻劳动力，但是问题是老龄化的社会对劳动力有负面影响。拓展提示：可以用分句扩充，“the problem is that”是表语从句A countrys economic development relies on a supply of young workers, but the problem is that the aging society has an adverse impact on the labour force. 翻译6：工作很多的人没有充足时间( adequate time )去休息和充电(recharge batteries

9、)正确的句子：People with a heavy workload do not have adequate time to rest and recharge batteries. 句子结构：主语+及物动词+宾语，“to rest and recharge batteries”不定式充当time的后置定语 拓展练习：工作很多的人没有足够的时间去休息和充电，这样对他们的健康有害。 拓展提示：可以用非限定性定语从句扩充 正确的句子：People with a heavy workload do not have adequate time to rest and recharge batte

10、ries, which can be harmful to their health 翻译7: 在中国，很多学生(A large number of )晚上都要自习( do self-study)正确的句子：A large number of students in China have to do self-study at night. 句子结构： 主语+及物动词+ 宾语拓展练习：在中国，许多学生都要在晚上自学，所以课外活动不得不给学习让路（give way to）。拓展提示：用状语从句来扩充正确的句子：A large number of students in China have to

11、 do self-study at night, so extra-curricular activities have to give way to studies. 翻译8: 遗迹（ heritage sites）因为城市发展而受到威胁正确的句子：The development of cities has posed a threat to heritage sites.句子的结构: 主语（development）+ 及物动词(pose)+ 宾语(threat)拓展练习：城市的发展已经威胁到历史遗迹，但是政府还没有办法是否去保护还是毁坏（demolish）这些建筑。拓展提示：并列句扩充正确

12、的句子：The development of cities has posed a threat to heritage sites, but the government has no idea whether to protect or demolish these constructions.翻译9：我们不能够忽视面对面的交流（face-to-face communication）正确的句子：We should not ignore face-to-face communication. 句子结构：主语+ 及物动词+宾语（communication） 拓展练习：网络能够丰富我们的生活(e

13、nrich social lives)，但是我们不应该忽视面对面的交流因为它对社会关系有直接影响。拓展提示：用原因状语从句扩充，不用加逗号。正确的句子：Internet can enrich our social lives, but we should not ignore face-to-face communication because this has a direct impact on social relationships. 翻译:10：有些公共服务很难收支平衡（breaking even）正确的句子：Some public services have problems in

14、 breaking even. 句子结构： 主语+ 及物动词(have)+ 宾语(problems) 拓展练习：一些公共服务很难收支平衡，需要政府资金。 拓展提示：可以用并列句扩充正确的句子：Some public services have problems in breaking even and need government funds. 翻译11：我们需要考虑社会和经济的环境（social and economic context）正确的句子：We have to consider the social and economic context. 句子结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语拓

15、展练习：当分析青少年犯罪（juvenile delinquency）的根本原因的时候，我们应该考虑社会和经济环境。拓展提示：可以用when+分词结构扩充正确的句子：We have to consider the social and economic context when analysing the root causes of juvenile delinquency. 翻译12：密度种植（Intensive farming）对生物多样性（biodiversity）造成了威胁正确的句子：Intensive farming can pose a threat to biodiversity

16、. 句子结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语（threat） 拓展练习：密集种植对野生植物（natural flora）有巨大影响，对物种多样性（biodiversity）有威胁。拓展提示：可以用并列句扩充正确的句子：Intensive farming has a great impact on natural flora and can pose a threat to biodiversity. 中文翻译：密集种植对野生植物有巨大影响，对物种多样性有巨大威胁。拓展练习：密集种植对天然植物有严重的负面影响，这可能对农业的可持续发展有威胁。 正确的句子：Intensive farming has a

17、 seriously negative impact on natural flora, and this may pose a threat to sustainable development of agriculture. 中文翻译：密集种植对天然植物有严重的负面影响，这可能对农业的可持续发展有威胁。 翻译13：平等的教育(Equal access to education )能帮助解决学生学习成绩不好正确的句子：Equal access to education can help tackle educational underachievement. 句子的结构：主语+ 及物动词（h

18、elp）+ 宾语（to tackle .这里省略了to） 还可以用定语从句扩充Local authorities should ensure equal access to education, which can help tackle educational underachievement, a problem found among disadvantaged children. a problem在这里是个同位语，指代前面的“educational underachievement”；而“found among disadvantaged children” 过去分词，充当定语。中文

19、翻译：当地政府应该保证平等教育，这样能够帮助落后学生去解决学习的落后。翻译14：接触不同的文化（Exposure to different cultures）可以促进创新错误的句子：Contacting with a wide variety of cultures can promote creativity. 错误1 Contacting with 中国式英文正确的句子：Exposure to different cultures can encourage creativity. 句子的结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语还可以用定语从句扩充Exposure to different cult

20、ures can encourage creativity, which is an asset for enterprises or countries. 中文翻译：接触不同的文化能够促进创新，这是企业或者国家的财富。 翻译15：政府应该重视社会福利(welfare services)，尤其是医疗服务。正确的句子：The government should give priority to welfare services, especially the healthcare. 句子的结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语还可以用名词性从句，定语从句扩充some people suggest tha

21、t the government should give priority to welfare services, especially the healthcare, which helps stop the disadvantaged population dying needlessly. 中文翻译：一些人认为政府重视社会福利，尤其是医疗服务，这会帮助阻止弱势群体无助地死去。翻译16：教育或许决定了人的工作机会。正确的句子：Education may hold the key to ones job prospect. 句子结构：主语（education）+及物动词hold)+宾语(t

22、he key) 拓展的句子：可以使用状语从句Education may hold the key to ones job prospect, especially when people intend to find jobs in the hi-tech industry. 翻译17：使用化石资源(The use of fossil fuels)对环境会造成破坏。正确的句子：The use of fossil fuels can cause damage to the environment. 句子结构：主语(use）+及物动词(can cause)+宾语(damage) 拓展的句子：可以使

23、用状语从句The use of fossil fuels can cause damage to the environment, possibly because it creates air pollution. 翻译18：建造住宅楼有助于解决城市的拥挤问题。正确的句子：Building apartment blocks helps solve overcrowding in cities. 句子结构： 主语+及物动词(helps)+宾语(solve overcrowding， 省略了to, 本来是不定式to solve overcrowding) 正确的句子：Apartment bloc

24、ks, which make the most of land and space, help solve overcrowding in cities. 中文翻译：住宅楼由于其能最大限度地利用土地和空间，所以有助于解决城市的拥挤问题。翻译19：贫穷的人可以通过努力工作来提高社会地位 正确的句子：People from disadvantaged backgrounds can improve their social status by working hard. 句子结构: 主语（people）+ 及物动词(improve)+ 宾语(status)， “from disadvantaged

25、 backgrounds”是people的定语还可以用并列句扩展People from disadvantaged backgrounds can improve their social status by working hard and this seems an arduous but rewarding process. 中文翻译：贫穷的人可以通过努力工作来提高社会地位，这看起来是一个辛苦但有效的过程。翻译20：因为全球化(globalisation)，人们需要和来自不同背景的人工作。正确的句子：Because of globalisation, people need to wor

26、k with those from diverse backgrounds. 注：这里的those 就是其他人的意思，不能说those people，这样会和主语重复。句子结构: 主语(people)+ 及物动词（need）+ 宾语(to work)，“because of globalisation”介宾短语充当状语。翻译21：我们需要采取措施去解决一些棘手的问题。错误的句子：We must take measurement to tackle thorny problems. 错误measurement 的意思是测量正确的句子： We need to take action to solv

27、e some intractable problems. 句子结构：主语（we）+及物动词(need)+宾语(to take .) 翻译22：媒体通过夸大(sensationalising)受害者的伤痛去吸引观众。正确的句子：The media attract public attention by sensationalising victims suffering. 句子结构：主语（the media）+及物动词(attracts)+宾语(attention)；“by+ ”方式状语拓展练习：媒体通过夸大受害者的伤痛去吸引观众，而忽视对这些观众的有害结果，比如将他们在公众面前曝光。 错误的拓

28、展句子：The media attract public attention by sensationalising victims suffering, while ignore harmful consequences bring to them, such as their exposure to the public. 错误1： while是从属连词，后面不能直接加动词原形。错误2： ignore和bring两个动词。错误3: them指代不清楚正确的句子：The media attracts public attention by sensationalising victims s

29、uffering, while ignoring harmful consequences to these individuals, such as their exposure to the public. 中文翻译：媒体通过夸大受害者的伤痛去吸引观众，而忽视对这些观众的有害结果，比如将他们在公众面前曝光。 主+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 翻译23：基因工程让人们能培养新品种农作物错误的句子：Genetic engineering allows people to nurture new species crops. 错误1 species crops 语序有问题正确的句子：Genetic

30、 engineering allows people to nurture crop varieties. 句子结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语（people）+宾语补足语（to nurture） 拓展练习翻译：基因工程使人们能培育出抗旱的农作物品种，因此可以提高土地利用率。拓展的句子：Genetic engineering allows people to nurture crop varieties that are resistant to drought，thereby improving land productivity. 翻译24：经常运动使得人们保持健康的心态错误的句子：Doin

31、g exercises regularly helps people maintain a healthy state of mind. 错误1 Doing exercises 一般是不可数正确的句子：Doing exercise regularly helps people maintain a healthy state of mind. 句子结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语（people）+宾语补足语（to maintain省略了to） 还可以用并列句扩充拓展句子：经常做运动帮助人们保持一个健康的心态，是他们更容易应对压力。Doing exercise regularly helps pe

32、ople maintain a healthy state of mind and makes it easier for them to cope with stress. 翻译25：不健康的生活方式让人们处于生病的危险之中。错误的句子： Unhealthy lifestyle is likely to make people at risk of illness. 错误1： make somebody do something 或者是make somebody +形容词是更常见的用法。错误2：lifestyle可数名词，要加冠词，或者复数正确的句子：An unhealthy lifesty

33、le may put people at risk of illness. 句子结构：主语（An unhealthy lifestyle）+及物动词（put）+宾语（people）+宾语补足语（at risk of illness） 翻译26：奖学金可以鼓励更多的学生去学习研究生课程。错误的句子： Scholarship could be regarded as something to inspire more students to take postgraduate curriculum. 错误1 scholarship 可数名词，应该有复数或者冠词错误2 regarded as som

34、ething 太过罗嗦错误3 curriculum不是course的替换词，curriculum的意思是课程大纲正确的句子：Government grants could encourage more students to take postgraduate courses. 句子结构：主语(government grants)+及物动词(encourage)+宾语(students)+宾语补足语(to take postgraduate courses)翻译27：社区改造为罪犯提供了获得职业技能的机会错误的句子：Replacing the long sentence by working

35、for the locals provides offenders with transferable skills. 错误1 主语很别扭， 两个东西没有替换性正确的句子：Community service provides offenders with opportunities to acquire transferable skills. 句子结构：主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语（offenders）+宾语补足语（with opportunities to） 还可以用并列句扩充拓展练习：社区服务给犯人提供获得实用技能的机会，给他们好的起点当他们被释放后。Community service pr

36、ovides offenders with opportunities to acquire transferable skills and gives them a flying start when they are released. 翻译28：法律应该将醉驾变成刑事犯罪。错误的句子：the government should introduce a law which is drunk driving a criminal offence. 错误 定语从句还原是“a law is drunk driving”显然不对。中国学生有个误区，就是一定要写个从句，才能加分。正确的句子：Legi

37、slation should make drink driving a criminal offence. 句子结构：主语（legislation）+及物动词(make)+宾语(drink driving)+宾语补足语(a criminal offence) 翻译29：乡村地区给人们提供机会去远离现代生活的压力和噪音。错误的句子：rural area provides people with opportunity to escape pressure and noises of modern life. 错误1：rural area可数名词，没有冠词，或者复数。 错误2：opportunit

38、y 在这里用复数比较好。正确的句子：Rural areas provide people with opportunities to escape pressure and noises of modern life. 句子结构：主语(rural areas)+及物动词(provide) +宾语(people)+宾语补足语(with opportunities) 拓展句子：乡村地区对人们的健康有益，因为它给人们提供机会去远离现代生活的压力和噪音。错误的拓展句子： Rural area is beneficial to peoples fitness, because it provides p

39、eople with opportunities to escape pressure and noises of modern life. 错误：rural area可数名词，没有冠词，或者复数。两个句子的主语都一样，还不如用分词正确的句子：Rural areas are beneficial to peoples health, providing people with opportunities to escape pressure and noises of modern life. 翻译30：人口老龄化促使国家去提高法定退休年龄（statutory retirement age）。

40、正确的句子：The ageing population has prompted countries to raise the statutory retirement age. 句子结构：主语(ageing population)+及物动词(prompt)+宾语(countries)+宾语补足语(to raise) 拓展的句子：人口老龄化导致高级技术工人的短缺，这个问题已经促使国家提高了法定退休年龄。错误的拓展句子：The ageing population leads to a shortage of skillful workers, a problem which has promot

41、e countries to raise the statutory retirement age. 错误1：应该是skilled workers. Skillful表示人们做某事的时候所展示的技艺娴熟 正确的句子：The ageing population leads to a shortage of highly skilled workers, a problem which has prompted countries to raise the statutory retirement age. 注：a problem在这里是同位语，指代前面的shortage 主+及物动词+间接宾语+

42、直接宾语 翻译31：政府提供一些城市很多资金去保护历史建筑（historic buildings）。错误的句子：Many areas now pay attention to protect historic buildings. 错误：pay attention to的to是介词，后面不能加动词正确的句子：Governments should offer some cities funds to preserve historic buildings. 句子结构：主语（areas）+及物动词(offer)+间接宾语(some cities)+直接宾语（funds） 拓展的句子：可以使用定语从

43、句拓展的句子：Governments should offer some cities funds to preserve historic buildings, which are part of our cultural heritage. 被动语态 翻译32：学校应该允许老师强制捣蛋的小孩离开教室。错误的句子：Schools should allow teachers to make the children with disruptive behaviours go out of classrooms. 错误：children with disruptive behaviours 略显

44、罗嗦正确的句子(被动语态)：Teachers should be permitted to use force to remove disruptive children from the classroom. 原句：Schools should permit teachers to use force to remove disruptive children from the classroom. 句子结构：主语（schools）+及物动词(permit)+宾语(teachers)+宾语补足语(to use force) 翻译33：农村的失业问题在某种程度上可以通过城乡转移（rural-t

45、o-urban shift）解决。错误的句子：Unemployment in rural areas can be address by rural-to-urban shift. 错误1 被动语态没有过去分词错误2 shift是可数名词，最好要有冠词正确的句子：Unemployment in rural areas can be addressed partially by the rural-to-urban shift. 句子结构：（主语+及物动词+宾语）的被动语态拓展练习：农村失业问题的主要原因是缺少基础建设和政府资助，这个问题在某种程度可以通过城乡转移解决。错误的拓展句子：Unemp

46、loyment in rural areas can be addressed partially by the rural-to-urban shift, because rural areas are lack of industry and services, which causes high unemployment rate. 错误1：because后面的内容只是解释了为什么乡村的失业率很高，但是没有解释为什么城乡转移可以解决这个问题。错误2：rate可数名词错误3：一般不要lack of 充当表语正确的句子：The lack of infrastructure and gover

47、nment funding in rural areas is the main cause of unemployment, which can be addressed partially by the rural-to-urban shift. 翻译34：高层建筑有时候被认为是城市的eyesore。错误的句子（4.5分）：Occasionally，highrise buildings are tend to be regarded as the eyesore of a city. 错误1 Occasionally表示的意思是“偶尔地，很少地” 错误2 “be + do”永远是错的正确的句子：High-rise buildings ar