Unit 3 Back to the past Reading （ppt课件）-2023新牛津译林版（2020）《高中英语》选择性必修第三册.pptx

1、1.breadth n.宽度；广泛宽度；广泛broad adj.广阔的，广泛的广阔的，广泛的broaden v.拓宽拓宽broaden ones horizons 拓宽视野拓宽视野2.convince vt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说使确信，使相信；说服，劝说convinced adj.确信的；深信的确信的；深信的convincing adj.令人信服的；有说服力的令人信服的；有说服力的convince sb of sth/that.使某人相信某事使某人相信某事convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事说服某人做某事3.voyage n.航海，航行，航天航海，航行，航天 vi.

2、航行，远行航行，远行4.fleet n.舰队；捕鱼船队；车队舰队；捕鱼船队；车队5.navigate vt.航行；导航航行；导航 vi.导航导航navigation n.导航；航行导航；航行navigator n.航海航海家；领航员家；领航员6.on behalf of 代表（或代替）；为帮助；为了代表（或代替）；为帮助；为了=on ones behalf7.load v.装上装上,装入装入 n.负载负载,承载量承载量；大量；大量be loaded with 装载着装载着.take a load off ones mind（了解）（了解）使某人如释重负使某人如释重负pass n.罗盘，指南针；

3、圆规罗盘，指南针；圆规9.log n.航海日志，正式记录；原木航海日志，正式记录；原木 vi.&vt.伐木伐木10.strengthen vt.&vi.加强，增强加强，增强strength n.力量；实力；优势力量；实力；优势strong adj.强的；强壮的强的；强壮的opp:weakness n.缺点，劣势缺点，劣势 strengths and weakness 优势和劣势优势和劣势11.harmonious adj.友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的harmony n.和谐，和睦；融洽；协调和谐，和睦；融洽；协调live in harmony with 与与和谐相处和谐

4、相处12.dismiss vt.不予考虑；对不予考虑；对不屑一提；去除，不屑一提；去除，摒除；摒除；解雇；解散解雇；解散dismissal n.解雇；免职；不予考虑解雇；免职；不予考虑dismiss sb/sth 不予考虑；对不予考虑；对不屑一提不屑一提dismiss sth/sb as.把把当做当做不予理会不予理会dismiss sb from.把某人从把某人从（职位）解雇（职位）解雇13.proof n.证据，证明证据，证明 adj.防防的；抗的；抗的的 prove v.证明是证明是 linking verb.后来被发现是后来被发现是 14.acknowledge vt.承认（权威、地位承

5、认（权威、地位););承认承认(属实属实);();(公开公开)感谢感谢acknowledgement n.承认；感谢；（作者的）致谢承认；感谢；（作者的）致谢be acknowledged as/to be.被认为是被认为是.It is widely/generally/universally acknowledged that.人们普遍人们普遍认为认为.15.influential adj.有很大影响力的，有支配力的有很大影响力的，有支配力的influence n.&v.影响，作用影响，作用an influential figure 有影响力的人物有影响力的人物be influential

6、in(doing)sth 有很大影响的有很大影响的have an influence/impact/effect on.对对.有影响有影响16.insist vi.&vt.坚决坚决要求要求，坚持；坚持说，坚持；坚持说 insist on/upon(sth/doing sth)坚持做坚持做.，坚决要求，坚决要求 insist that 坚决要求；坚持说坚决要求；坚持说坚持说坚持说+宾从（陈述语气）宾从（陈述语气）坚持要求坚持要求+宾从宾从(虚拟语气）虚拟语气）17.route n.路线，路途；途径，渠道路线，路途；途径，渠道18.financial adj.财政的，金融的，财务的财政的，金融的，

7、财务的finance n.财政，财政学；金融财政，财政学；金融 v.给给提供资金提供资金financially adv.财政上；金融上财政上；金融上19.depart vi.&vt.离开离开,启程；启程；违背违背departure n.depart from 离开；从离开；从出发；违背出发；违背depart for/leave for 离开离开/动身去动身去.20.shortage n.不足，短缺不足，短缺food/water shortages 食物食物/用水短缺用水短缺a shortage of 缺少缺少be short of 缺乏缺乏的，短缺的，短缺的的21.leak vi.漏，渗漏；渗

8、入漏，渗漏；渗入 vt.漏，渗漏；泄露漏，渗漏；泄露 n.漏洞漏洞leak sth to sb 向某人泄露某事向某人泄露某事 (sth)leak out （秘密信息等）泄露；走漏；透漏（秘密信息等）泄露；走漏；透漏22.panic n.惊恐，恐慌惊恐，恐慌 vi.&vt.(panicked,panicked)(使使)惊慌惊慌,(,(使使)惊慌失措惊慌失措in panic 惊慌地惊慌地panic sb into doing sth 使某人仓促做某事（常用被动语态）使某人仓促做某事（常用被动语态）23.regardless adv.不顾，不加理会不顾，不加理会regardless of 不管，不顾

9、不管，不顾24.shore n.岸，滨岸，滨25.subsequent adj.随后的，后来的随后的，后来的 opp:previous 先前的先前的subsequently adv.随后，其后；后来随后，其后；后来subsequence n.随后；接着（尤指结果、效果）随后；接着（尤指结果、效果）26.captain n.船长，机长；上校；队长船长，机长；上校；队长27.27.allow for 使成为可能；考虑到，把使成为可能；考虑到，把计算在内计算在内allowance n.津贴；补贴津贴；补贴make allowance for 考虑到考虑到;体谅，谅解体谅，谅解Part 1 Para

10、_Part 2 Para _Part 3 Para _Read for structureZheng He123-4Introduction of Zheng Hes first voyage More details about Zheng Hes voyages Significance of Zheng Hes voyages In the summer of 1405TaicangAlmost 28,000 people on boardOver 200 shipsdevelop and strengthen harmonious relations with the foreign

11、countries,exposing foreign people to Chinese culture,and allowing the Chinese to better understand overseas lands.china,silk,tea and other treasuresvisit more than 30 countries and regions,as far as the east coast of AfricaSeven An enormous shipyard discovered in Nanjing,where the fleet had been bui

12、lt.Detailed reading Detailed reading Para 1Para 2Para 3Christopher ColumbusIntroduction of Christopher ColumbusDetails of Christopher Columbus discoverySignificances of Christopher Columbus discovery Fast reading:Fast reading:1451Christopher Columbus3 August 1492 12 October 1492 14931504B.He was bor

13、n in a port city of Italy.A.He departed from Spain.D.He reached the shores of the Caribbean.E.He sailed across the Atlantic Ocean.C.He found more land over the course of his three subsequent voyages.(1)_(2)_(3)_(4)_BADCOn 3 August 1492SpainAbout 90 crewmen3 shipsFour The shores of the Caribbeaninspi

14、re explorers to explore and discover more vast areas of the world.open a new chapter of the Age of Exploration,which witnessed many important geographical findings and allowed for an international exchange of ideas and cultures.“discover”the new world Detailed reading Detailed reading Read the artic

15、les again and complete the table(P32)In the summer of 1405TaicangOver 200 ships28,000More than 30 countries and regionsSevenPara 3-4On 3 August 1492SpainThree ships90CaribbeanFour Para 3Zheng He 郑和郑和In the summer of 1405,Zheng He,one of Chinas greatest explorers,set sail from Taicang on his first vo

16、yage.A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue seas,with almost 28,000 people on board,which was a splendid scene.1405年夏天，郑和，中国最伟大的探险家之一，从太仓启航，开始了他的第一次航行。一支拥有200多艘船只的舰队在蓝色的海洋上航行，船上有近28，000人，一派壮丽的景象。It would take 500 years before a larger fleet sailed the seas.According to some records,the largest

17、 ships were over 140 metres in length,demonstrating the advanced technology and special skills used in constructing ships.直到500年后，才有更大的舰队在海上航行。根据一些记录，最大的船只长度超过140米，展示出当时用于建造船舶的先进技术和特殊技艺。Between 1405 and 1433,on behalf of the Ming Dynasty,Zheng He made a total of seven voyages.His ships were loaded w

18、ith china,silk,tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers,and the fleet paid friendly visits to more than 30 countries and regions.1405年至1433年间，郑和代表明朝共出航七次。他的船上满载着瓷器、丝绸、茶叶和其他珍宝作为礼物送给外国统治者，舰队对30多个国家和地区进行了友好访问。He even sailed as far as the east coast of Africa.As they sailed,the navigators too

19、k compass readings,kept logs of their voyages and charted the coast.Later the detailed maps became Zheng Hes Navigation Map.他甚至远航到非洲东海岸。当他们航行时，领航员记录罗盘读数、记录航行日志并绘制海岸图。后来这些祥细的地图就成了郑和航海图。Zheng Hes seven voyages had a far-reaching impact on China and its neighbours.In the countries and regions where Zhe

20、ng He set foot,legends have been passed on about this great explorer.郑和七下西洋对中国及其周边国家产生了深远的影响。在郑和到过的国家和地区，关于这位伟大探险家的传说代代相传。Zheng Hes efforts helped develop and strengthen harmonious relations with these countries and regions,exposing foreign people to Chinese culture,and allowing the Chinese to bette

21、r understand overseas lands.郑和的努力有助于发展和加强与这些国家和地区的和谐关系，让外国人接触中国文化，也让中国人更好地了解国外。For many years,some historians dismissed the records of these voyages as legends.The final proof came when an enormous shipyard was discovered in Nanjing,where the fleet had been built.多年来，一些历史学家把这些航海记录当作传说而不予理会。最终的证据是在南京

22、发现了一个巨大的造船厂，这支舰队就是在那里建造而成。Zheng Hes accomplishments are now widely acknowledged,and he is remembered as one of Chinas most influential explorers.郑和的成就现在得到广泛认可，他也作为中国最具影响力的探险家之一被世人铭记。Christopher Columbus克里斯托弗哥伦布Those who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the wayas was t

23、he case with the explorer Christopher Columbus.Columbus was born in a port city of Italy in 1451.那些得伟大发现的人必然要在这一过程中经常克服许多挑战就像探险家克里斯托弗哥伦布那样。哥伦布于1451年出生在意大利的一个港口城市。As a teenager,he loved sailing,and he showed great interest in geography,which inspired him to begin his career as a seaman.十几岁的时候，他就喜欢航海，

24、对地理表现出了极大的兴趣，这促使他开始了自己的海员生涯。Columbus insisted on searching for a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean.After continuous attempts,he received financial support from the King and Queen of Spain.On 3 August 1492,he departed from Spain with three ships carrying about 9

25、0 crewmen.哥伦布坚持通过横渡大西洋寻找通往东印度群岛的直接航线。经过不断的努力，他得到了西班牙国王和王后的资金支持。1492年8月3日，他带着三艘船离开西班牙，船上约有90名船员。The journey was full of challenges:it took longer than expected,they faced a shortage of food,and one of the ships was leaking badly,which put everyone on this ship in grave danger.The men on board were in

26、 panic.Regardless of all the challenges,Columbus managed to keep everyone out of danger with his knowledge and bravery across the ocean.这趟旅程充满了挑战这趟旅程充满了挑战:花费的时间比预期的要长，他们面临着食物短缺，还有其花费的时间比预期的要长，他们面临着食物短缺，还有其中一艘船严重漏水，这让这艘船上的所有人都陷入了极大的危险之中。船上的中一艘船严重漏水，这让这艘船上的所有人都陷入了极大的危险之中。船上的人都惊惶失措。不顾所有挑战，哥伦布设法凭借自己的知识和

27、勇敢确保每个人人都惊惶失措。不顾所有挑战，哥伦布设法凭借自己的知识和勇敢确保每个人都平安越过了海洋。都平安越过了海洋。Finally,on 12 October,the crew spotted land in the distance.Columbus called the natives living on the islands Indians because he was convinced that he was in the East Indies.However,the shores they had reached were of the Caribbean,not the E

28、ast Indies.最后，在10月12日，船员发现了远处的陆地。哥伦布把居住在这些岛屿上的土著人称为印第安人，因为他确信自己是到了东印度群岛。然而，他们到达的海岸是加勒比海岸，不是东印度群岛。Between 1493 and 1504,Columbus found more land over the course of his three subsequent voyages.The major contribution of this great explorer is that he“discovered”the New World.His discovery inspired exp

29、lorers such as Captain James Cook to explore and discover more vast areas of the world.1493年至1504年间，哥伦布在随后的三次航行中发现了更多的陆地。这位伟大的探险家的主要贡献是他“发现”了新大陆。他的发现启发了詹姆斯库克船长等探险家去探索和发现世界上更广阔的地区。His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration,a period which witnessed many important geographical findings.This period also allowed for an international exchange of ideas and cultures.他的航行开启了大航海时代的新篇章，这一时期见证了许多重要的地理发现。这一时期也使思想和文化的国际交流成为可能。