1、Using language P17 Unit 2 Improving yourself 1被说服做某事 2 打开 3忙于（被.所占用）4错过 5被.分神 6视察（看）7做.很尴尬 8认输 9得不到 10逃避 1被说服做某事 be persuaded to do 2 打开 switch on 3忙于（被.所占用）be occupied in 4错过 miss out 5被.分神be distracted by 6视察（看）check out 7做.很尴尬 be embarassed to do 8认输 throw in the towel 9得不到 without access to 10逃避
2、 step away fromLead-inUnderline the sentences below in the reading passage.At the start of the detox,over one hundred students had been persuaded to stop using social media,in ANY form,for seven days.They had been promised money by family and friends for each day spent without using social media.But
3、 on reflection,I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone.PresentationRead and answer:a At the start of the detox,over one hundred students had been persuaded to stop using social media,in ANY form,for seven days.b At the start of the detox,people had persuaded over one h
4、undred students to stop using social media,in ANY form,for seven days.1.Were the students in sentence(a)persuaded before the detox started,or afterwards?The students were persuaded before the detox started.PresentationRead and answer:a At the start of the detox,over one hundred students had been per
5、suaded to stop using social media,in ANY form,for seven days.b At the start of the detox,people had persuaded over one hundred students to stop using social media,in ANY form,for seven days.2.What is the difference between sentences(a)and(b)?They differ in voice.The passive voice is used in sentence
6、(a),while the active voice is used in sentence(b).PresentationRead and answer:a At the start of the detox,over one hundred students had been persuaded to stop using social media,in ANY form,for seven days.b At the start of the detox,people had persuaded over one hundred students to stop using social
7、 media,in ANY form,for seven days.3.Why does the author choose to use a passive form instead of an active form?Maybe the author doesnt know who had persuaded students to stop using social media,or it is unnecessary to say who the persuaders were.A.主动语态：主动语态：had+过去分词过去分词 We had finished learning Book
8、1 till last week.Book1 had been finished learning(by us)tilllast week.被动语态：被动语态：had been+过去分词过去分词 B.过去完成时的被动语态的常见用法：过去完成时的被动语态的常见用法：（1）用在 told,said,knew,thought 等动词动词后的宾语从句后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完。例：他说那些书已经卖完了。He said that the books had already been sold out.那个男孩被提醒他的家庭作业还没交。The boy was reminded that
9、his homework had not been handed in.到去年年底，已经建成了120座桥。By the end of last year,120 bridges had been built.（2）当 before,when,by the time,until 等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时，以及 by,before 后面接过去的时间时，主句的动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。例：B.过去完成时的被动语态的常见用法：过去完成时的被动语态的常见用法：（3）在 It was the first/second/time that 从句
10、中，主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。例：这是他的自行车第二次被偷。It was the second time that his bike had been stolen.这幅画是第一次向公众展出。It was the first time that the painting had been displayed to the public.B.过去完成时的被动语态的常见用法：过去完成时的被动语态的常见用法：B.过去完成时的被动语态的常见用法：过去完成时的被动语态的常见用法：（4）在虚拟语气虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去条件句表示与过去的事实相反的事实相反，且主语是动作的承受者时
11、且主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。例：如果早一点邀请我，我就和你一起去了。If I had been invited earlier,I would have gone with you.即学即用By the end of last year,another new gymnasium.(complete)in Beijing.The work was done earlier than it (plan).His house (damage)in the heavy rain,so he moved to his parents house.语法填空had been comp
12、letedhad been plannedhad been damaged真题体验1.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who .(trap)in the mountains for two days.(2018年北京卷,单项填空改编)had been 答案及剖析:1.had been trapped考查动词时态和语态。“who in the mountains for two days”是定语从句,修饰two tourists,two tourists和trap之间是被动关系,且“游客被困两天”应该发生在营救人员救了他们之
13、前,即“过去的过去”。故用过去完成时的被动语态形式。trapped2.Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who (cheat)of her money.(2020年天津卷,完形填空改编)had been cheated答案及剖析:2.had been cheated考查动词时态和语态。lady与动词cheat之间为被动关系,且这一动作发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之前。故用过去完成时的被动语态形式。语法专项训练完成句子1.上个月末,他刚写的小说被翻译成了英语。His novel by the end of
14、last month.2.她告诉我,她的老板已把她解雇了。She that she by her boss.3.当我们到达电影院时,电影已经开始了半个小时。The movie for half an hour when we.4.谁也不知道它是什么时候留在这里的,谁也不去理会它。Nobody knew when exactly it there,so everybody simply it.newly writtenhad been translated into Englishtold mehad been dismissedhad been ongot to the cinemahad b
15、een leftignored5.她意识到蔬菜的味道不好,煮的时间太长了。She realised that the vegetables very good.They for too long.6.在最后一刻我赶上了列车,然而所有的座位都被占了,我只好一直站着。I at the last second but all the seats .I stood all the way.7.警察发现有人闯入房间,里面的一切都被偷走了。The policemen found that the house and everything .8.他回到家,发现他的所有家具都遭到了洪水的毁坏。He and f
16、ound all his furniture .by the flood.didnt tastehad been cookedcaught the trainhad been occupiedhad been broken into(had been)stolenreturned homehad been ruined9.这场灾难结束时,超过270人受伤。By the time the disaster ended,more than 270.10.截至去年年底,这座城市建了很多高楼。By the end of last year,many tall buildings in this cit
17、y.had been injuredhad been builtPracticePractice1._2._3._4._5._6._7._ReadComplete:Jacks blog post had been metdoinghad been cleanedhad been puthad been leftavoidingto make ProductionDescribe the pictures using the past perfect passive.Jack started the habit of cleaning his room last week.This is wha
18、t his room looked like yesterday morning.The floor was clean.The sheet was laid flat on the bed.All the books and clothes were placed neatly and tidily.The pictures on the wall were straight.ProductionDescribe the pictures using the past perfect passive.But two weeks ago,Jacks room was like this:Jac
19、ks room had been an awful mess.His clothes had been thrown everywhere;the pictures had not been hung straight;and all the drawers had been opened.It had been a very disorderly sort of room,with books and papers lying around everywhere.Talk about what had happened before you started a new habit of your own.Use the past perfect passive when appropriate.Work in pairs:
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