Unit 1 Food matters Grammar and usage （ppt课件）--牛津译林版（2020）《高中英语》选择性必修第一册.pptx

1、To-infinitives as subjects and predicatives动词不定式作主语和表语动词不定式作主语和表语目录CONTENTS123动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式作主语动词不定式作表语1动词不定式的语态及时态 语态语态时态时态 主动主动被动被动一般式一般式to doto be done进行式进行式to be doing 完成式完成式to have doneto have been done2To-infinitive as subjectsTo-infinitive as subjects 动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语1.动词不定式作主语,表示具体的、一次性或尚未

2、做的动作。如：动名词形式作主语，表示动作经常反复发生，而不是只针对某一次。Smoking in the public is not good.注注To cook Chinese food is not easy.To speak English well isnt an easy job.To talk with her is a great pleasure.2.动词不定式短语作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，往往用it作形式主语，而把 不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。如：To speak English well isnt an easy job.To improve our teaching me

3、thod is very important.To talk with her is a great pleasure.To master English is important.It is important to master English.PracticeIt isnt an easy job to speak English.It is very important to improve our teaching method.It is a great pleasure to talk with her.其常见句型有以下其常见句型有以下4种种 Itis名词名词to do sth

4、Its our duty to take good care of the old.It takes/took will take sbsome time/moneyto do sth It will take us three hours to walk there.Itbe形容词形容词for/of sbto do sth Its very kind of you to tell us what happened yesterday.It is important for children to tell right from wrong at an early age.It seems(a

5、ppears)形容词形容词to do sth It seemed impossible to finish the work on time.01 It+be+adj.+to do sth.It is important to build trust between both.It is important to finish writing in advance.Itbeadj.of sb to do（此处形容词常为表示行为者的性格、品质等特点的词，如kind、foolish、good、nice、selfish、generous等）It is kind of you to give me s

6、o much help.It is foolish of him to refuse the offer.Itbeadj.for sb to do（此处形容词常为描述事物特征的形容词，如easy、difficult、hard、important impossible、necessary等）It would be difficult for Bob to find a good job.It is necessary for us to buy an English dictionary.Itben.to do It is our duty to protect the environment.

7、It is my honour to give a speech.It动词宾语不定式It takes/took will take sbsome time/moneyto do sthIt seems(appears)形容词形容词to do sth01 3.“特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+不定式不定式”构成的构成的不定式短语不定式短语作主语时，作主语时，且谓语动词常用单数且谓语动词常用单数。常。常见的特殊疑问词有：见的特殊疑问词有：what,who,which,when,where,why,how 等。等。如：如：Where to hold the meeting hasnt been decided

8、.How to relieve the pain is a question.3To-infinitive as predicativesTo-infinitive as predicatives 动词不定式作表语动词不定式作表语1.某些系动词，如be（是）、seem（看起来）、appear（看起来）、prove（证明）、turn out（结果）等，后面可以接不定式作表语。其中，除了be动词之外，seem、appear、prove、turn out后面的表语若是以“to be+.”的形式出现，通常可以省略to be。有些系动词如sound（听起来）、smell（闻起来）、taste（尝起来）、

9、feel（感觉）、become（成为）等，通常不可以接不定式作表语。It smells to be delicious.The cake tastes to be yummy.注注He seems（to be）busy.The plan proves（to be）right.The plan turns out（to be）right.To-infinitives as objects This company refused to cooperate with us.A.跟在一些动词后作宾语，如跟在一些动词后作宾语，如:afford,aim,promise,refuse,decide,man

10、age,hope,expect等。等。B.当不定式（短语）在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平当不定式（短语）在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，衡，常用常用it作形式宾语作形式宾语，常见动词有常见动词有find,think,make,consider,feel,suppose等等。He makes it a rule never to borrow money.We find it very important to learn English well.To-infinitives as object complements复合句作宾补作宾补A.表示表示“指示指示,愿望愿望,感觉感

11、觉”等的动词等的动词(短语短语)后常用不定式作宾语补足后常用不定式作宾语补足语，如语，如ask，request，invite，force，get，beg，wish，want，intend，expect，encourage，advise，persuade，instruct，allow 等等词词。What caused her to give up her studies?Below is a blog entry about eating out and eating at home.Find the sentences that use to-infinitives as subjects o

12、r predicatives and complete the mind map.A Exploring the rulesNot that long ago,my first thought at mealtimes was to eat at a restaurant.I was eager to try new restaurants.To eat out was also a social activity,allowing me to enhance the relationship with my friends.I often ate out until last month,w

13、hen I came across a cooking app.to eat To eat out object complementThere are a variety of recipes in the app to choose from.They are uploaded by users,and offer detailed instructions so that others can follow them step by step.Most of the recipes include photos or videos,which are very useful for be

14、ginners.When I picked a popular recipe and gave it a try,I discovered that it was not that difficult to make a simple and tasty dish.to make attributive In the last few weeks,Ive thrown myself into homecooking,from boiling noodles in the pot to frying steak in the pan.I hardly eat out any more.Not o

15、nly is cooking at home cheaper,but I can cook exactly what I want.Its healthier too.No wonder people say nothing beats home cooking!Now I am good at cooking a couple of dishes.My plan is to invite my friends over at the weekend to show them my new-found skills.I hope that they will like my cooking！t

16、o invite adverbial of purposel When the to-infinitive is used as a subject,we usually use the preparatory subject(1)_at the beginning of the sentence.l The to-infinitive can also be used as a predicative.It usually comes after the verb(2)_.itbeWorking out the rules不定式作定语不定式作定语不定式作状语不定式作状语不定式作主语不定式作主

17、语(To-infinitives as subjects)(To-infinitives as adverbials)(To-infinitives as attributives)不定式作宾补不定式作宾补(To-infinitives as object complements)不定式作表语不定式作表语(To-infinitives as predicatives)The general use of to-infinitive 不定式作宾语不定式作宾语(To-infinitives as objects)Brief Overview Rewrite the following senten

18、ces using to-infinitives according to the requirements in the brackets.B Applying the rulesB1 1.The next dish that the cook will prepare is Kung Pao Chicken.(attributive)The next dish to be prepared by the cook is Kung Pao Chicken.2.The preparation of home-cooked meals is easy and enjoyable.(subject

19、)To prepare home-cooked meals is easy and enjoyable./It is easy and enjoyable to prepare home-cooked meals.3.Her dream is that she will open a restaurant some day.(predicative)Her dream is to open a restaurant some day.4.We will put the potatoes in the pot first in order that they will be cooked qui

20、ckly.(adverbial of purpose)We will put the potatoes in the pot first(in order)to cook them quickly.5.I consider the Soup of the Day as the best option on the menu.(object complement)I consider the Soup of the Day to be the best option on the menu.Below is a lifestyle magazine article.Complete the ar

21、ticle with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.As long as you are not afraid of heights,you will be impressed by Sky Buffet,the latest restaurant in the city centre.(1)_(locate)at the top of Tower 88,it gives you an amazing view of the bay.Better still,its entire seating area turns slowly

22、 and it is enjoyable(2)_(see)the scenery outside while having your meal.Locatedto seeB2 Since it takes about an hour(3)_(turn)the full 360 degrees,you are unlikely to get bored with the scenery.If you want to get the most wonderful views,your best bet is(4)_(sit)by the window an hour before sunset a

23、nd watch how the sky changes colours.The atmosphere is lively and modern,with its walls(5)_(paint)white and light blue.Sky Buffet serves a menu full of eye-catching Asian dishes,(6)_(range)from Chinese food to Japanese food.It will be a good idea(7)_(invite)your family and friends over for dinner.Sk

24、y Buffet is considered by many locals(8)_(be)the perfect location for a special occasion.paintedrangingto inviteto beto sitto turnWhat are the to-infinitives used as in each sentence of this article?As long as you are not afraid of heights,you will be impressed by Sky Buffet,the latest restaurant in

25、 the city centre.(1)_(locate)at the top of Tower 88,it gives you an amazing view of the bay.Better still,its entire seating area turns slowly and it is enjoyable(2)_(see)the scenery outside while having your meal.Locatedto seesubjectSince it takes about an hour(3)_(turn)the full 360 degrees,you are

26、unlikely to get bored with the scenery.If you want to get the most wonderful views,your best bet is(4)_(sit)by the window an hour before sunset and watch how the sky changes colours.The atmosphere is lively and modern,with its walls(5)_(paint)white and light blue.Sky Buffet serves a menu full of eye

27、-catching Asian dishes,(6)_(range)from Chinese food to Japanese food.It will be a good idea(7)_(invite)your family and friends over for dinner.Sky Buffet is considered by many locals(8)_(be)the perfect location for a special occasion.paintedrangingto inviteto beto sitto turnsubjectsubjectpredicative

28、subject complementImagine your friend has taken you out to dinner at Sky Buffet.Write a thank-you note to your friend,offering to return the favour by inviting him or her to your home for dinner next weekend.Remember to use to-infinitives.Use the expressions below to help you.B3 I am writing to.It w

29、as so kind of you to.It was wonderful to.I have always wanted to.I would like/love to.My plan is to.Dear Tom,I am writing to thank you for taking me to Sky Buffet.It was so kind of you to invite me and book a table by the window.It was wonderful to see the city scenery and watch the beautiful sunset

30、.I have always wanted to give Sky Buffet a try,and it certainly lived up to my expectations!Do you have any arrangements next weekend?My plan is to invite you over to my home for dinner next Saturday.The view wont be as good as at Sky Buffet but I would like to cook you something special to thank yo

31、u.Yours,Mary根据根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词）。括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词）。1.Its my great honour _ _ _(认识认识你你).2.Im hungry,get me _ _ _(吃吃的东西的东西),please.3.The purpose of new technology is _ _ _ _(使生活更加容易使生活更加容易).4.The news reporter hurried to the airport,only _ _ _(被告知被告知)the film star had left.life easier to know y

32、ou something to eat to make to be told5.The teacher asked us _ _ _ _ _ _(不要弄出这么大的噪音不要弄出这么大的噪音).6.We are leaving at six oclock,and hope _ _ _ _ _ _(午午饭前到达那里饭前到达那里).7.They know her very well.They had _ _ _ _(看着她长大看着她长大)since childhood.8.Though he often _ _ _ _ _(把他的小妹妹弄哭把他的小妹妹弄哭),today he _ _ _ _(被弄哭被弄哭)by her.made to cry not to make such loud noise toarrive/get there before lunch timeseen her grow upmakes his little sister crywas