2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷.docx

1、2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word

2、that best fits each blank.Humans have been living and working on the space station for over 20 years. Their meals are packaged, though sometimes astronauts receive fresh treats _1_ resupply missions. The longer that packaged food is stored, the more _2_ may lose nutrients.Astronauts have successfull

3、y grown 10 different crops on the space station since 2015 and had the chance _3_ (taste) each one. The International Space Station hosted a party for astronauts on Friday as they celebrated the harvest of the first chili peppers _4_ (raise) in space.Plant Habitat-04 was one of the most complex plan

4、t experiments on the orbiting laboratory _5_ peppers took much longer to grow than the previous experiment plants there. After growing for four months, the peppers _6_ (harvest) on Friday. When the vegetables were ready to eat, the astronauts also completed a sensory assessment. They rated the flavo

5、r, color, appearance, and taste of the produce to see _7_ the labor over their greens proved fruitful as a supplement to prepackaged space food.Fresh greens, like peppers, provide a great source of key nutrients, which are essential to human bodies. Fresh greens also have psychological benefits. The

6、y can help to keep morale (士气) and provide a sense of normalcy (正常) on missions _8_ all the conditions are distinctively different from the earth. Fresh greens make a long-duration mission _9_ (bearable) by providing a taste of home.Looking to the future, the plant experiments have the potential to

7、significantly impact the sustainability of space exploration. They _10_, one day, provide a food source for long-term habitation of Mars and other planets.二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one

8、 word more than you need.AcontentBoverextendC developDinnovateE. pursuedF. topG. surfaceH. addictionI. emergeJ. cloudK. licensedOn TikTok, “Self-care” has 28.2 billion views, while the hashtag (主题标签) can be found on over 66 million Instagram posts. Also, books about self-care often _11_many peoples

9、shopping lists.On the _12_, it makes complete sense. Who wouldnt like the idea of making oneself feel better and taking care of their mind, body and soul? Yet, we have to be careful not to view self-care as a cure-all solution to our problems. Self-care _13_ without awareness of your specific needs

10、and consistent (一致的) evaluation can cause emotional, financial, mental and physical consequences.According to Zishan Khan, a psychologist with Mindpath Health, self-care can lead to a person becoming frustrated when met with a sea of suggestions, which _14_ everywhere from podcasts to self-help book

11、s. “So, dont allow what others suggest to _15_ your internal voice,” says Khan. “Self-care can only benefit a person if its consistent with their goals and values.”Khan further emphasizes the danger of uncontrolled physically-centered self-care advice, such as from influencers. “Their _16_ often ove

12、rly focuses on beauty and improving ones looks. This can unintentionally lead to body image concern and thus actually worsen ones mental health,” she says.Another danger can come when self-care actions reach the level of _17_, says Melissa Boudin, a psychologist of Choosing Therapy. “When you spend

13、a large amount of time thinking about or practicing a certain self-care behavior, this may be that self-care has gone from beneficial to harmful,” she says, using the example of self-care through healthy eating and then going so far as to _18_ an eating disorder.Lena Suarez-Angelino, a(n) _19_ clini

14、cal social worker, has recommended creating a list of activities that make you feel better but dont _20_ you. Worthwhile and beneficial self-care may include anything from time with loved ones to walking. While self-care is important, it should not be overdone.三、完形填空What will you do when you are hun

15、gry? Of course, anyone would go and grab something to eat. And then, what determines the _21_ of food you take in? You may not be right if your answer is the degree of hunger. The conventional concept that _22_ is the key factor is open to challenge. In recent years, a growing body of research has s

16、hown that our appetite and food intake (摄入) are influenced by a large number of factors besides our _23_ need for energy. Some of the factors include our eating _24_ and our perception of the food in front of us.Studies have shown that _25_ eating, for instance, eating while watching TV, or a simila

17、r distraction, can increase both hunger and food consumption. Even simple _26_ clues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect consumption.A new study suggested that our short-term _27_ also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, peoples hunger levels were predicted

18、not by how much theyd eaten but rather by how much food theyd seen in front of them _28_ , how much they remembered eating.This difference suggests that the recall of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our _29_ than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of

19、 experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.These findings agree with the earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes _30_our bodys response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie milkshake on two _31_ occasions prod

20、uced different levels of hunger-related hormones (荷尔蒙), depending on whether the shakes _32_said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling _33_ when they thought theyd consumed a higher-calories shake.What does this mean to our eating habits? Although it hardly se

21、ems practical to cheat ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benifit of focusing on our food, avoiding TV and multitasking while eating. The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight against _34_ while we are eating. By _35_ mindful eating techniques, you have the opportu

22、nity to change your current eating habits by becoming more self-aware and in tune to your bodys hunger cues.21AqualityBamountCnutrientDvariety22AdeliciousnessBhungerCnutritionDflavor23AoccasionalBpotentialCexternalDbiological24AenvironmentBcontentCtimeDability25AhabitualBpurposefulCunfocusedDabsorbe

23、d26AoptionalBvisualChiddenDflexible27AvacancyBhungerCsupplyDmemory28Ain other wordsBas a wholeCby all meansDall in all29AmotiveBgrowthCappetiteDhealth30AadvocateBtrickCjustifyDenhance31AidenticalBalternativeCdependentDseparate32AlabelBfunctionCusageDmaterial33AwiserBhealthierChappierDfuller34Adistre

24、ssBwasteCdistractionDfullness35AemployingBperceivingCclarifyingDassuming四、阅读理解When I step out onto the deck, I definitely feel the Arctic chill. Thats not surprising. Im a good hundred miles inside the Arctic Circle; in fact, you cant get much farther north and still be in Sweden. This is Abisko Mou

25、ntain Station, perhaps the crown jewel of the Swedish mountain lodges (小屋). Im back for a second time to this remote, scenic spot.Last Autumn, a heavy snowstorm trapped me in my tent for days and eventually forced me to go to the station, a comfortable place. I discovered a different side to Abisko.

26、 People come here for many reasons some to hike, some to climb, some to cross-country ski. But theres yet another entirely different attraction here. Looking out from the deck of the train station, above a huge lake, in the upper sky of the North Pole, the Aurora, as we often refer to the northern l

27、ight, mixed with green and red, was giving off ghostly light, rolling across the dark night sky.The Aurora may be old hat to those who live this far north, but for the rest of us it is an unforgettable experience. The lights here were so appealing to us we quickly forgot the discomfort of the cold.O

28、ne of the attractions in Abisko is the Tornetrask. Its a huge lake, which extends more than 70 kilometres long just north of the station, creates an unusual weather phenomenon that keeps the skies above the station clear even when fog or clouds blanket most of northern Sweden. The sky in this area i

29、s mostly clear all year around.Abisko has a lot to offer to make it an ideal place to view the Aurora. It is far from any city lights. The station operates a ski lift to the top of Nuolja Peak, more than 3,000 feet high. For the first time this year, a cafe at the top of the mountain has been turned

30、 into a viewing platform for the Northern Lights, called the Aurora Sky Station. Also, the station posts forecasts each night of expected Aurora activity, collected from scientific observations arriving via computer, so visitors may choose the best viewing time.36What was the reason for the authors

31、first visit to the lodge?AHe went there in search of the Aurora.BHe needed equipment to keep him warm.CHe was forced there by the weather.DHe had to make his food supply there.37The phrase “old hat” in 3rd paragraph probably mean “_”.Asevere and strugglingBfamiliar and unexcitingCstrange and shockin

32、gDmysterious and adventurous38According to the last paragraph, which of the following is NOT a factor that makes Abisko an ideal place to view the Aurora?AThere is a mountain viewing platform.BWeather forecasts are available.CThere are no city lights nearby.DThere is a caf shop there.39The authors o

33、verall opinion of Abisko is that _.Adespite the severe weather, its an impressive placeBpeople have overestimated its popularityCits not as popular as it deserves to beDthe cold weather worsens the Aurora viewing experience there(You may read the questions first.)Four types of learnersType A Learner

34、People in this group adapt observations into complex but logical theories. They think problems through in a logical way. They tend to be perfectionists who wont rest easy until everything is reasonable. They like to analyze and are keen on basic principles and theories. They pay great attention to l

35、ogic, so questions they frequently ask are: “ _ ”, and “How does this go with that?”. They tend to be objective, approaching problems in a consistently logical manner. This is their “mental set” and they reject anything that conflicts with it. They prefer to maximize certainty and feel uncomfortable

36、 with subjective judgements.Type B LearnerThese people are keen on trying out ideas, theories and techniques to see if they work in practice. They positively search out new ideas and take the first opportunity to experiment with applications. They want to try out the new ideas in the courses in prac

37、tice. They also tend to be impatient with random discussions, and their attention soon begins to wander if they feel they are going round in circles. They are practical, down to earth and like making practical decisions and solving problems. They see problems and opportunities as a challenge, and th

38、eir philosophy is: “There is always a better way” and “If it works, its good”.Type C LearnerPeople in this group involve themselves fully in new experiences. They are open-minded, and this tends to make them enthusiastic about anything new. Their philosophy is: “Ill try anything once”, so they tend

39、to act first and consider the consequences afterwards. Their days are filled with activities. As soon as the excitement from one activity has died down they are busy looking for the next, as they are only interested in gaining new experiences but are bored with carrying out their plans and they lack

40、 perseverance. They constantly involve themselves with others but, in doing so, they seek to center all activities around themselves.Type D LearnerThey collect data, both first-hand and from others, and prefer to think about it thoroughly before coming to a conclusion. The thorough collection and an

41、alysis of data about experiences and events is what counts so they tend to postpone making definitive judgments for as long as possible. Their philosophy is to be cautious. They like to consider all possible angles before making a move, and will be reluctant to become involved in activities that oth

42、ers put forward without having carefully considered the likely outcome.40Which of the following can be put into the blank in the first paragraph?ADo we need more experiments?BDo you understand me?CDo you believe the theory?DDoes it make sense?41Suppose John is a person with fresh ideas and willing t

43、o check everything out to see what happens. Which type of learner is John?AType A LearnerBType B LearnerCType C LearnerDType D Learner42Which of the following is NOT true about Type D learner?AThey are keen on making immediate conclusion.BTheir conclusion comes after data analysis.CThey outline a po

44、ssible outcome before taking an activity.DThey prefer not to give out their viewpoints randomly.In recent years, a lot of “business thinking” books have been published, all of which search for new answers on how to run organizations effectively. Obliquity tells us that the most profitable companies

45、are not the most aggressive in chasing profits. Wikinomics demonstrates new models of production based on community and collaboration. Peter Millers new book, Smart Swarm, however, challenge leaders to think differently. He studied creatures, like bees and ants and he found their habits, actions and

46、 instincts can be applied to business. Miller believes his book is the first time anyone has explained the science behind management theory. “The examples of how ant colonies (蚁群) or beehives (蜂窝) work are appealing models for organizations and systems that can be applied in a business context,” he

47、says.So how exactly can bees help run organizations? “By the way they work independently before they work together,” Miller says. “Picture a huge beehive hanging on a tree, with about 5,000 bees competing for space. They know their population is getting too big, leaving them unsafe. They must all agree to find a new home. In todays business environment, managers need to be able to make the right decisions under intense pressure. Yet, it is clear that some of the best-paid leaders in s