初中课件-现在完成时讲解-对比-练习[1].ppt

1、1 1、现在完成时不可与表示特定过去时间的副词连用。、现在完成时不可与表示特定过去时间的副词连用。e.g.1 e.g.1、I I (leave)Shanghai for 3 days ago.(leave)Shanghai for 3 days ago.I I Shanghai for 3 days.Shanghai for 3 days.2 2、Tom Tom (catch)a cold yesterday.(catch)a cold yesterday.Tom Tom for 3 days.for 3 days.2 2、过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身，与现在的结果无关。、过去时只限于表示过

2、去的动作本身，与现在的结果无关。e.g.When did he come?e.g.When did he come?When has he come?When has he come?3 3、现在完成时不与疑问副词、现在完成时不与疑问副词whenwhen连用，而一般过去时则可以。连用，而一般过去时则可以。e.g.He has bought a house.e.g.He has bought a house.He bought a house five ago.He bought a house five ago.()()()如：如：ago,last week,then,yesterday,ju

3、st now,ago,last week,then,yesterday,just now,a moment ago a moment ago等等.现在完成时现在完成时 VS VS 一般过去时一般过去时 现在完成时（三）现在完成时（三）现在完成时现在完成时构成构成用法用法常用状语常用状语1.have+动词过去分词动词过去分词2.has+动词过去分词动词过去分词表示某一动作或状态表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间一直从过去某一时间一直持续到现在持续到现在for+一段时间一段时间since+过去某一时间过去某一时间现在完成时现在完成时(have/has+v-ed)1.表示刚刚结束的动作表示刚刚结束的动

4、作,常和常和 already,just,yet,now,not yet 等连用等连用.2.表示过去发生的动作对目前所造成的影响表示过去发生的动作对目前所造成的影响.3.表示经验经历表示经验经历,常和常和 ever,never,often,always,once,twice,three times,before 等等连用连用.现在完成时现在完成时(have/has+v-ed)4.表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态,常和常和 since+过去时过去时,for+时间段时间段,recently,lately,these days,this week,in the past

5、 few days,during the last two weeks,so far,up to now,until now 等连用等连用.例如例如:(1)Theyve known each other since 1995.(2)Tony has studied Chinese for a year.现在完成时现在完成时(have/has+v-ed)5.区别区别:have/has been to 表示去过某地表示去过某地,已经回来已经回来;have/has gone to 表示去了某表示去了某地地,还未回来还未回来.例如例如:(1)Betty has been to China.She kn

6、ows a lot about Chinese culture.(2)-Wheres Mr Yu?-He has gone to Beijing.He will be back in a week.现在完成时现在完成时(have/has+v-ed)6.注意注意:当现在完成时跟表示持续的时间状语当现在完成时跟表示持续的时间状语连用时连用时,不能使用终止性动词不能使用终止性动词.(1)Tom has come for two hours.()(2)Tom has been here for two hours.()下面我们来看看，如何把下面我们来看看，如何把终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换成延延续性

7、动词续性动词.终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换成延续性动词延续性动词become bebuy haveborrow keepcatch a cold have a coldget to know knowput on wearleave be awaydie be deadarrive in/at be in/atcome to be in/atjoin be a member of/be instart be onfinish be overhave bought-have had have left-have been away from have borrowed-have kept ha

8、ve joined-have been in have come to/got to/reached/arrived(in/at)/moved to -have been(in)/have stayed(in/at)延续性动词-非延续性动词 现在完成进行时表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。因为表示的是持续的动作或状态，所以使用的动词通常是延续性动词,时间状语通常由for或since 引导.(非延续性动词不能直接和for 或since 连用)短暂性动词转延续性动词：短暂性动词转延续性动词：borrowdiemarrycomebegin to dobecomeclosekeepbe d

9、eadbe marriedbe heredobebe closed短暂性动词转延续性动词：短暂性动词转延续性动词：beginbuyfinishgoleavejoinopenbe onhavebe overbe therebe away frombe inbe open终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换成延续性动词延续性动词I became a teacher in 2001.I became a teacher 7 years ago.I have been a teacher since 2001.I have been a teacher for 7 years.终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换

10、成延续性动词延续性动词He bought a computer last week.He has had a computer since last week.He has had a computer for a week.终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换成延续性动词延续性动词She borrowed a book in July.She borrowed a book two months ago.She has kept the book since July.She has kept the book for two months终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换成延续性动词延续性动词Tom

11、 caught a cold yesterday.Tom has had a cold since yesterday.Tom has had a cold for a day.终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换成延续性动词延续性动词Betty got to know Tony in 2001.Betty met Tony in 2001.Betty has known Tony since 2001.Betty has known Tony for 7 years终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换成延续性动词延续性动词My brother put on his glasses when he rea

12、d newspapers.My brother has worn glasses since 2005.My brother has worn glasses for 3 years.终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换成延续性动词延续性动词They left the space station last Monday.They have been away from the space station since last Monday.They have been away from the space station for two days.终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换成延续性动词延续性动

13、词His grandfather died in 2004.His grandfather died four years ago.His grandfather has been dead since 2004.His grandfather has been dead for four years.终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换成延续性动词延续性动词The orchestra arrived in Dalian last week.The orchestra arrived in Dalian a week ago.The orchestra has been in Dalian sinc

14、e last week.The orchestra has been in Dalian for a week.终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换成延续性动词延续性动词His parents came to China last month.His parents have been in China since last month.His parents have been in China for a month.终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换成延续性动词延续性动词Charlie joined the army in 2006.Charlie has been in the army sin

15、ce 2006.Charlie has been a soldier for two years.Charlie joined the League in 2006.Charlie has been in the League since 2006.Charlie has been a member of the League for two years.终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换成延续性动词延续性动词The film started at 7 oclock.The film has been on since 7 oclock.The film has been on for half

16、an hour.终止性动词终止性动词转换成转换成延续性动词延续性动词The football math finished at 5.The football math has been over since 5 oclock.The football math has been over for 20 minutes.1.I have bought this bike for 2 years.2.He has borrowed this book for 3 days.3.She has got here since 10 oclock.4.They have left their homet

17、own since 2000.5.We have come to the city for a week.6.LiQiang has joined the army since he was 18 years old.I have had this bike for 2 years.He has kept this book for 3 days.She has been here since 10 oclock.They have been away from their hometown since 2000.We have been in the city for a week.Li Q

18、iang has been in the army since he was 18 years old.单项选择。单项选择。1.I _ a teacher for ten years.A.am B.have been C.be2.I _ the last page of the book last night.A.read B.have read C.am reading3.He _ the Army in 1999.A.has joined B.joins C.joined4.Project Hope _ 2,000,000 people since 1989.A.trained B.has trained C.train5.Mary and Jack _ each other for nearly 12 years.A.know B.knew C.have known6.Its important for me _ a good mark in the exam.A.to get B.get C.getting