人教新目标英语八年级上册unit2单元知识点总结+练习题(-无答案).doc

1、人教新目标英语八年级上册 Unit2 How often do you exercise? 一、重点短语 help with housework 帮助做家务 on weekends 在周末 how often 多久一次 hardly ever 几乎从不 once a week 每周一次 twice a month 每月两次 be free 有空 go to the movies 去看电影 use the Internet 用互联网 swing dance 摇摆舞 play tennis 打网球 stay up late 熬夜；睡得很晚 go to bed early 早点睡觉 play spo

2、rts 进行体育活动 be good for 对有好处 go camping 去野营 notat all 一点儿也不 in ones free time 在某人的业余时间 the most popular 最受欢迎的 such as 比如；诸如 old habits die hard 积习难改 go to the dentist 去看牙医 more than 多于；超过 less than 少于 at least 至少 have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课 二、句型荟萃 help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 How about? .怎么样？

3、/ 好不好？ want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ 有多少? 主+find+that从句. 发现 spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光 Its+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是的。 ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事 by doing sth. 通过做某事 Whats your favorite? 你最喜爱的是什么？ the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式 三、单元语法频度副词1.频度副词：表示动作发生间隔（既频率）的副词。它们有：always ; us

4、ually ; often ; sometimes ; seldom ； hardly ever ; never 等。2. how often 意为“多久一次”，用来提问在某一段时间内进行某个动作的频率。其回答通常是 often、sometimes、never、hardly ever、always、once a day、once a week等等表示频率的副词或是短语。 例: - She hardly ever watches TV. （划线提问） - How often does she watch TV? 例句理解：1. What do you usually do on weekends

5、? I often go to the movies. 2. How often do you shop？ I shop once a week. 3. How often does she exercise? She exercises every day.都用how often进行提问 3. 频度副词：表示频率不确定 频率短语表示频率确定(1)不确定的频度副词always（100%） usually（约80%90%） often（约60%） sometimes（约30%） seldom（约20%） hardly ever（约10%） never（0%）(2)表示确定的频率短语 every

6、day/week/month/year 每天/周/月/年 once a week 每周一次 twice a week 每周两次 twice a month 一月两次three times a day 一天三次注：三次或三次以上一般用“基数词times”表示。 (3)在句中位置：频度副词在句中通常放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，在实义动词之前。例：She is often late for school.I can never be sure.He always helps me.课堂巩固练习: 一、对划线部分提问 1）He always plays basketball after sch

7、ool. _ does he always _ after school? 2) They hardly ever play football. _ _ _ they play football? 二、单项选择( ) 1. -How often _ she exercise? -Twice a week. A. do B. does C. doing D. did( ) 2. I _ like to drink milk. A. not B. doesnt C. dont D. no( )3.-_do you go swimming ? -Sometimes. A. How often B.

8、How long C. how many D. How old( )4. Katrina watches TV once _ week. A. a B. the C. an D. 知识扩展：1. how long 多久（用来提问有多长时间） 回答通常是more than two weeks、for a week、ten years等表示一段时间的状语。 例：How long did you study English in China? For three weeks.2. how soon 用来提问“需要多长时间才会”，指某一动作要多长时间以后才能完成或发生。 回答通常是“in一段时间” 例

9、：How soon will you come back？ In a week.【活学活用】1.用how far, how often, how long填空。 1) does she usually exercise? 2) is it from your home to the school? 3) have you been away from (离开) your hometown? 答案：1)How often 2)How far 3)How long 2.了解下列频率副词，写出其汉语意思. always (100%)_ usually (80%)_ often (60%)_ some

10、times (30%)_ hardly ever(1%)_ never (0%)_ 4.【区别】How often和How many times How often用来提问某个动作间隔多久发生一次，即询问动作发生的频率。通常对一些表示频 率的副词进行提问；也可以对频度短语进行提问。 How many times意思是“多少次”，用来提问做某事的次数，往往就once, twice, three times等词语进行提问。典型例题：1）Li Ming does his homework every day. （就划线部分提问）How often does Li Ming do his homewo

11、rk? 解析：every day属于频度短语，就频度短语提问用How often.2）The old man went to the zoo three times this year.（就划线部分提问）How many times did the old man go to the zoo this year? 解析：这里就次数提问用how many times.课堂巩固：一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. I watch TV _ (one) a week. 2. He watches TV _ (two) a week. 3. Katrina _ (exercise) every day.

12、 5.语法归纳特殊疑问词How的用法家族成员称呼职责how1)怎样；怎么2)多么1)指询问方式、方法；程度2)构成感叹句how old几岁询问年龄多大。how many多少询问可数名词的数量。how much1)多少(how many的孪生兄)2)多少钱1)询问不可数名词的数量2)询问价钱或钱的数量how far多 远询问两地之间的距离。how often多久一次(表频率)询问做某事多长时间一次。how long1)多久2)多长1)询问做某事花了多长时间2)询问物体的长度how tall多高询问人或物的高度how fast多快询问速度四、单元知识讲解Section A 1. help with

13、 housework 帮助做家务 （教材第9页） （1） help with sth. 意为“帮助做某事” 拓展：help sb. with sth. = help sb. （to） do sth. 帮助某人做某事 Eg: I often help him with his English. = I often help him (to) learn English. 我经常帮他学习英语。 （2）housework 意为“家务劳动”。不可数名词。 1. They have housework to do. A. many B. much 2. sometimes 有时（教材第9页）辨析：som

14、etimes ，some times ，sometime ， some time sometimes 有时候。=at times也是“有时”的意思。some times 几次。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解；表示“时间”时是不可数名词。sometime 某个时候。可指过去或将来的某个时候。some time 一段时间。常与for连用。对它提问用how long 。 口诀记忆：分开“一段时间” ；相聚“某个时候”。 Eg：Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚。 I will go to shanghai sometime next week. 下周某个时

15、候我要去上海。 He reads the story some times. 他读这个故事几遍了。 Ill stay here for some time. 我将会在这儿呆一段时间。 练习： We plan to stay in Hainan for . 我们打算在海南呆一段时间。 I am sure that we have met before. 我肯定我们之前见过几次了。 I have letters from him. 有时我会收到他的来信。 3. hardly ever 几乎不 （教材第9页） hardly ever相当于hardly eg：There is hardly any f

16、ood left. 几乎没有食物剩下。辨析：hardly 与hard hardly 几乎不，一般位于动词之前。 hard 努力，位于动词之后。 eg：He hardly works. 他几乎不工作。 He works hard. 他工作努力。4. use the Internet 用互联网（教材第10页） use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事 eg：I use a knife to cut bread. 我用刀切面包。 短语：on the Internet 在网上 ， surf the Internet 网上冲浪，上网 5. Whats your favorite progra

17、m？ 你最喜欢的节目是什么？（教材第10页）句型：Whats your favorite.? =What. do you like best？你最喜欢的.是什么？ 1.Whats your favorite animal？你最喜欢的动物是什么？ = _ 6. Are you free next week？ 你下周有空吗？（教材第10页） free 意为“空闲的，有空的”，反义词busy。 be free 意为“闲着，有空” eg:：He is free now.他现在有空。 拓展：free还可译为“免费的” Eg：The tickets are free. 票是免费的。7. . next we

18、ek is quite full for me. 下周对我来说相当忙 （教材第10页） quite full 很忙，相当忙.拓展：1.full 还可译为“满的，充满的”。 Eg：The bus was full when they got there. 翻译_ 2.full 还可译为“饱的”。 Eg：I cant eat any more，I am quite full. 我不能再吃了，我相当饱了。8. How come？ 怎么回事？怎么会？（教材第10页） 本句用来表示对某事感到很奇怪，有点想不通。9. I have dance and piano lessons. 我要上舞蹈课和英语课。（

19、教材第10页） have 在此意为“上课”。 Eg: Theyre having an English lesson. 他们正在上英语课。 扩展：have lessons 上课 ， Lesson One 第一课10. Well ，how about Tuesday？ 哦，那周二呢？（教材第10页） How about.? (=What about.?) 意为“怎么样？”，用来征求对方的意见。 Eg: How about this book? 这本书怎样？ How / What about doing sth. .? 做怎么样？ Eg：-What will we do on Sunday？ 星期

20、天我们什么？ -How about visiting the museum？ 去参观博物馆咋样？ 1. Its sunny today，What about _（play）tennis？11. I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我大概每月去看一次电影。（教材第11页） go to the movies _ maybe 意为“也许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。 Eg：Maybe he knows Tom. 也许他认识Tom。辨析：maybe 和may be maybe “也许，大概，可能”。（一般放句首）Maybe you are right. 也许你是

21、对的。may be “可能是，也许是”。 为“情态动词+be动词”结构。（位于句中）You may be right. 你也许是对的。 1. Lily an English teacher. Lily可能是一名英语老师。 =_ 12. He plays at least twice a week. 他至少每周踢两次（球）。（教材第11页） at least 意为“至少”。其反义词为at most “最多”。 Eg：There are at least 1,500 students in our school. _。 Section B 1. But my mother wants me to

22、drink it. 但我妈妈想让我喝它。（教材第12页） want sb. to do sth. 意为“想让某人做某事”，否定形式为want sb. not to do sth. 意为“不想让某人 做某事”。 Eg：She wants me to bring him some pens. 她想让我给她带些钢笔。 拓展：1.want sth. 想要某物 Do you want any story books？你想要些故事书吗？ 2.want to do sth. 想要做某事 I want to visit my uncle. 我想去看望我的叔叔。 Do you want （tell）me any

23、thing？2. She says its good for my health. 她说它对我的健康有好处。（教材第12页） be good for 意为“对有益”。反义词为be bad for “对有害”。 Eg: Vegetables are good for you. 蔬菜对你有好处。拓展：be good at 擅长. be good at doing sth. 擅长做. 1.I am good at （play）basketball.3. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. 上个月我们向学

24、生询问了他们 业余活动的情况。（教材第12页） ask sb. about sth. “询问某人关于某事” Eg:I asked my teacher about todays homework. _。4. Here are the results. 这是（调查）结果。（教材第13页） here 位于句首，句子要倒装。 Eg：Here is your jacket. 这是你的夹克。5. twenty percent students dont exercise at all. 百分之20的学生根本不锻炼。（教材第13页） 1. 百分数由percent来表示，构成：基数词+percent 。 E

25、g：Seventy percent of the boys like playing computer games. 男生中70%喜欢完电脑游戏。 2. not. at all 意为“一点儿也不，根本不”。 Eg：I dont know about it at all. 对那件事我一点也不知道。 拓展：not at all = you are welcome 意为“不用谢，不客气”。 Eg：-Thank you for your help. -Not at all.6. Although many students like to watch sports，game shows are the

26、 most popular. 尽管许多学生喜欢看运动类节目，但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。（教材第13页） although 连词。意为“虽然，尽管”。but 意为“但是”。英语中，although与but不能同时使用。 Eg：Although it rained，the boys still played outside. = It rained，but the boys still played outside. 尽管天下雨了，但男孩们仍在外面玩耍。 1. My cousin knows a lot about geography， he is only four years old. A.

27、because B. so C. although 7. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows. 通过上网或看游戏类节目是很好 的放松方式。（教材第13页） 句中it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。此句型结构为：Its+adj+ （for sb.）+to do sth. 意为 “（对某人来说）做某事是的”。 Eg：Its very important to listen carefully in class. 上课认真听讲很重要。 Its easy for us to swim. 对我们

28、来说游泳很容易。 Its very hard for him to study English. _ 1.-I often have hamburgers for unch. -Youd better not. Its bad for you too much junk food. A.eat B.to eat C.eating D. ate8. Exercise such as playing sports is fun，and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. 比如进行体育活动这方面的

29、锻炼就是有趣的，当你们一起运动的时候你 可以和朋友、家人一起度过时光。（教材第13页） such as 意为“比如，例如”。 Eg: I have a lot of hobbies, such as reading and singing. 我有许多爱好，比如读书和唱歌。 spend 意为“度过” 或“花费（时间、金钱）”。 Eg: Come and spend the weekend with us. 来和我们一起度过周末吧。 重点：1. spend timemoney on sth. 在.上花费时间或金钱 He didnt spend much time on his homework.

30、他没在作业方面花很多时间。 I spend 200 yuan on a new coat. _ 2. spend timemoney （in） doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事 Dont spend too much time watching TV. 不要花费太多时间看电视。 He always spend his time playing football. _ Eg: I enjoy playing computer games,but I cant too much time that. A.take, doing B.spend, doing C.spend, for do

31、ing D.take, to do9. However,she has some bad habits,too. 然而她也有一些坏习惯。（教材第15页） however 意为“然而，不过”。可以位于句首、句中、句末。但要用逗号与句子的其他部 分隔开。 Eg: She was ill. However, she still went to work. 她病了，然而她依然去上班。 辨析：but和however but “然而，但是”。 可直接连接前后两个句子，表转折关系。 However “然而，但是”。 不能直接连接句子，必须用逗号与句子隔开。 Eg:1.It began to rain, ,w

32、e went out to look for the boy. 天开始下雨了，但我们 还是出去寻找那个男孩了。 2. It a sunny morning， very cold. 这是个晴朗的早晨，但是却很冷。10. She usually watches TV for more than two hours a day. 她通常每天看两个多小时的电视。 （教材第15页） more than 相当于over。意为“超过，多余”。 There are more than 2000 books. _11. She says she is afraid. 她说她害怕。（教材第15页） afraid

33、意为“担心的，害怕的”。 1.be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 Eg：I am afraid to travel by plane. 我害怕乘飞机旅行。 2.be afraid of sb. sth. 害怕某人某物 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 Eg：She is afraid of the dog. 她害怕那只狗。 Dont be afraid of asking questions. 不要怕问问题。 be afraid to do sth.= 害怕做某事12. Less than six. 少于6小时。（教材第16页） Less than

34、意为“不到，少于”。其反义词为 more than over “多余，超过” Eg：She sleeps less than seven hours every night. 他每晚的睡眠时间不到7小时。 We know Tom for 20 years. 我们认识Tom超过20年了。一选择填空( ) 1. How often _ Mary exercise? Twice a week. A. do B. does C. doing D. did( ) 2. Good food and exercise _ me to study better. A. help B. helps C. helping D. to help( ) 3. Is her lifestyle the same _ yours or different? A. as B. in C. at D. to(