人教新目标八年级英语上册Unit-3-I'm-more-outgoing-than-my-sister知识点总结和习题(含答案).docx

1、Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister.一、词汇精讲1、 heavy & thin是一组意义相反的形容词，都可用来描述人的体型。heavy意为“胖的，笨重的”，比较级形式为heavier；thin意为“瘦的”，其比较级形式为thinner。 He is very heavy, but his brother is thin. 他很胖，可他的哥哥却瘦。【拓展】heavy还可意为“重的；剧烈的；大的”等。 heavy rain/snow/smoker 大雨/大雪/浓烟heavy smoker/drinker/eater 烟瘾/酒瘾/食量大的人have a he

2、avy cold 患重感冒heavy(busy)traffic 交通拥挤2、 quiet & outgoingquiet是形容词，意为“安静的，文静的”，可作定语或表语。反义词是outgoing；outgoing意为“外向的，友好的；擅于交际的”，其比较级为more outgoing。 They walked to a quiet place. 他们向一个安静的地方走去。You have a cold, so you must keep quiet at home. 你感冒了，所以必须在家静养。He is more outgoing than me. 他比我能说会道。【拓展】calm、stil

3、l、quiet与silent的辨析：calm镇静的；平静的指不受干扰时的宁静、平静；指人时表示沉着的、镇定的。still不动的；静止的指物理上的安静状态。quiet安静的；静止的指寂静的状态，没有吵闹、骚乱，指人表示娴静、文静。silent沉默的；无言的主要指人，指不发出声音或不说话，强调无声的状态。When we face danger, we should keep calm. 面对危险，我们应该保持沉着、冷静。The baby kept still when she was taking photos. 当给这个婴儿拍照时，她一动也不动。Be quiet, everyone. The t

4、eacher is coming. 同学们，安静！老师来了。We shouldnt keep silent when the teacher asks us some questions.当老师问我们问题时，我们不应该保持沉默。注意：quiet意为“安静的”，quite意为“相当”。3、 seriousserious是形容词，意为“严肃的、认真的、严重的、危险的”。比较级为more serious。常用搭配为：be serious about意为“对认真”。How serious the matter is! 问题是多么严重啊！I stopped laughing when I realize

5、d he was serious about it.当我意识到他不是开玩笑时，我就不再笑了。4、 meanmean是动词，有如下用法：（1）“意思是；指的是”，后接名词、动词不定式或that从句。 The red light means “stop”. 红灯意思是“停止”。Do you mean that I am too heavy? 你的意思是我太胖了？（2）“打算，意欲”，后面常接不定式。 He means to do it well. 他打算把这件事做好。（3）“意味着”，后面常接动名词作宾语。 Missing the train means waiting for an hour.

6、赶不上这列火车意味着再等一小时。（4）What doesmean? = Whats the meaning of? = What do you mean by?意为“是什么意思？”5、 in some waysin some ways意为“在某些方面，就某些方面而言”。 In some ways the job is difficult. 在某些方面，那工作很难。【拓展】in the way、in this way、by the way与on the/ones way to的辨析：词组用法in the way挡道by the way顺便说一下，在句中作插入语，用逗号隔开on the/ones

7、way to在去的路上，to后接地点in this way用这种方法(方式)6、 both（1）代词，意为“两者，双方，两人”。 Both of the flowers are very beautiful. = The flowers are both very beautiful.这两朵花都很漂亮。（2）形容词，意为“两者的，双方的”。 She wants both dictionaries. 这两本字典她都想要。Both the answers are wrong. 这两个答案都是错的。（3）副词，意为“两者，两者都是”，常用于行为动词之前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。 They c

8、an both dance. 他们俩都会跳舞。（4）bothand意为“和都，既又”，用于连接两个并列成分，连接并列主语时，谓语动词应该用复数形式。 Both you and your sister like it very much. 你和你姐姐都非常喜欢它。【拓展】（1）当both用于否定句时，表示“并非两者都”。 I dont like both the sweaters. 这两件毛衣，我并不都喜欢。（2）bothand的否定形式为neithernor意为“既不也不”。 He can speak neither French nor English. 他既不会法语也不会英语。7、 int

9、erest（1）interest可以作名词，意为“兴趣，爱好”。常有如下表达：take/show an interest in 对感兴趣have an interest in 对有兴趣lose an interest in 对失去兴趣find (no)interest in 发觉对(没)有兴趣The boy takes an interest in singing. 那个男孩对唱歌感兴趣。My sister found no interest in studying. 我妹妹对学习没有兴趣。（2）interest还可以做动词，意为“使感兴趣”。 He interested me in outd

10、oor sports. 他使我对户外运动产生了兴趣。【拓展】 interest、interesting与interested的辨析：interest名词/动词兴趣；爱好；使感兴趣interesting形容词有趣的；令人感兴趣的，多用来修饰物interested形容词多用来修饰人，常用于be interested in“对感兴趣”The film is interesting. 那部电影引人入胜。The little girl is interested in books. 那个小女孩对书感兴趣。8、 though（1）though可以作连词，意为“虽然；即使；纵然”，放在从句的开头和中间均可。

11、 Though it was raining, we were still working. 虽然下着雨，但我们仍然坚持工作。（2）though还可以作副词，意为“然而；但是”，一般放在句末。 It was impossible for him to do so much homework. He finished it though.他不可能完成这么多作业，然而他做完了。【拓展】（1）though和although的辨析：1）两者都可用作连词，意义相同，但although常放在从句开头的位置，不用于从句中间；而though放在从句的开头和中间均可。 Although they are poo

12、r, they are happy.=Though they are poor,they are happy.= Poor though they are, they are happy. 虽然他们很穷，但很快乐。2）although只能作连词，但though既可以作连词，也可以作副词。（2）常用搭配：as though 好像 even though 即使注意：although和though不能和but连用，二者只能用其一。9、 beatbeat是及物动词，有以下用法：（1）意为“赢；打败；战胜”，后接人或某一团队、组织等，其过去式为beat。 I beat him at long jump

13、yesterday. 昨天跳远我赢了他。（2）意为“打；击”，表示连续不断的打击。 Who is beating the drum? 谁在打鼓？（3）表示“(心脏)等跳动”。 I feel my heart is beating fast. 我觉得我的心脏在剧烈跳动。【拓展】beat和win都有“赢”的意思，但用法不同：beat的宾语为人或相当于人的团体、组织；而win的宾语为比赛或某个项目，过去式为won。 Though we were weak, we beat them. 虽然我们弱，但我们赢了他们。Who win the first prize in the competition?

14、谁在比赛中赢得了一等奖？10、 and & or（1）当列举成分是主语，又在否定词之前，用and连接，当列举成分在否定词之后时，用or构成完全否定。I cant sing or dance. 我不会唱歌，也不会跳舞。Lily and Lucy cant speak Chinese. Lily和Lucy都不会说汉语。（2）在否定句中，如果所连接的两部分都有否定词，用and而不用or。 There is no water and no air on the moon. 月球上没有水和空气。（3）在否定句中，without后若有列举成分，则用and连接，构成完全否定；而在肯定句中，without后的

15、列举成分要用or连接才构成完全否定。 Man cant live without air and water. = Man will die without air or water.没有水和空气，人就不能生存。三、句式精讲1、 as you can seeas you can see意为“正如你所看到的”，as是关系代词，意为“如同(正如)一样”，引导状语从句。As you know, we are the same age. 正如你所知，我们年龄相仿。As you say, he is a bad boy. 正如你所说，他是个坏男孩。2、 more than one（1）more than

16、 one+单数名词，意为“不止一个”这一结构作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。More than one boy knows how to play the computer games. 不止一个男孩知道怎样玩电脑游戏。What he said makes us happy. 他所说的话使我们很高兴。Dont keep the door open. 别把门开着。We made John our monitor. 我们选约翰当班长。（2）more+复数名词+than one也意为“不止一个”，但这一结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。More students than one do wel

17、l in maths. 不止一个学生擅长数学。【拓展】（1）more than意为“超过，多于”，相当于over。 His father is more than 50 years old. 他的父亲50多岁了。（2）more than还可意为“不仅”，与no more than“仅仅”相对。 She is more than a teacher. She is also a sister. 她不仅是一位老师，还是一个姐姐。（3）morethan意为“比多”。 There are more boys than girls in my class. 在我们班男孩比女孩多。（4）more than

18、的反义词为less than，意为“不到；少于”。 My home is less than three miles from here. 我家离这里不到三英里远。3、 make sb do sthmake 在此处是使役动词，后接省略to的动词不定式，make sb do sth意为“使/让某人做某事”，类似的动词还有let、have等。 The boss made them work for long time. 老板让他们长时间工作。They made us forget past. 他们使我们忘记了过去。【拓展】make作“使”讲时，还可用make+ 宾语+形容词/名词(作宾补)，即ma

19、ke sb./sth.+adj./n.。类似的词还有keep等。 As you know, we are the same age. 正如你所知，我们年龄相仿。As you say, he is a bad boy. 正如你所说，他是个坏男孩。4、 do you thinkdo you think一般作插入语，其位置较为灵活，可以放在句首、句中或句尾，在句尾时，常用逗号隔开，在句首时，要用陈述句语序。 When do you think he will come? = Do you think when he will come? = When he will come, do you thi

20、nk? 你认为他什么时候回来？5、 stop doing sthstop doing sth意为“停止做某事”。 He stopped watching TV and began to read English.他不看电视了，开始读英语。【拓展】stop后还可以接动词不定式，即stop to do sth意为“停下来原来做的事，做另一件事”。 He watched TV for an hour. At 8 he stopped to do his homework.他看了一个小时的电视，八点钟他停下来(看电视)去做作业。Unit 6形容词和副词比较级的用法I. 形容词和副词比较级的构成绝大多数

21、形容词和副词都有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。原级即原形。比较级表示“较”或“更”等意思。比较级的构成有规则和不规则两种。形容词和副词比较级的规则变化如下：构成方法原级比较级单音节词和部分双音节词、多音节词一般单音节词，词尾加-ertallgreattallergreater以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词，词尾只加-rnicelargenicerlarger以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节、单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-erbighotbiggerhotter“辅音字母y”结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-ereasybusyeasierbusier其他双音节词和多音节

22、词，在前面加more来构成比较级importantmore important不规则变化 good/wellbad/badly/illmuch/manylittleoldfarbetterworsemorelessolder/elderfarther/furtherII. 比较级句型1、 比较级than.：比较为。即：“A 动词形容词或副词比较级thanB”，两者相比较，A比B更一些。 His brother is younger than I(me). 他弟弟比我年轻。Beijing is more beautiful than Wuhan. 北京比武汉更漂亮。注意：在比较级前有时可加一些状

23、语，如much, a lot, a little, still, even等以示强调或加强语气。This box is a little heavier than yours. 这个箱子比你的要稍重一些。This movie is much more interesting than that one.这部影片比那部有趣得多。2、 as. as：和相同。 即：A+动词+as+形容词或副词原级+as+B，表示A和B两者比较，程度相同，“和相同”。 My uncle is as tall as your father. 我叔叔和你父亲一样高。My dog is as old as that one

24、. 我的狗与那个狗一样大。3、 A.notas形容词或副词原级asB。 表示A，B两者程度不同，即“A不如B那么”。 My uncle is not as tall as your father. 我叔叔不如你父亲高。Tom is not as honest as John. 汤姆不如约翰诚实。He cant run as /so fast as you. 他没你跑得快。4、 “比较级+ and+比较级”或“more and more+原级(多音节词和部分双音节词)”意为“越来越”。 Our city is more and more beautiful. 我们的城市越来越美丽了。More a

25、nd more countries begin to save the financial crisis.越来越多的国家开始拯救金融危机。5、 “the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越就越”。 The more you read, the more you know. 你书读得越多，你知道得就越多。III、能够修饰比较级的词能够修饰比较级的词有：much、a little、a bit、a lot、even、a great deal、still等。 My brother is much taller than me. 我哥哥比我高很多。IV、需要注意的几点1、 当比较级后有of the two

26、之类的词语时，比较级前要加定冠词the。Lucy is the taller of the twins. Lucy是双胞胎中比较高的那个。2、 如果后面接名词时，much more+不可数名词，many more+可数名词复数。 You have much more confidence. 你有更大的信心。Some students are against the plan, but many more support it.一些同学反对这项计划，但是有更多人支持它。3、 old的比较级形式有older和elder。elder只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。 My elder brother is

27、a famous artist. 我哥哥是一位有名的艺术家。4、 far的比较级形式有farther和further。一般farther表示距离，而further表示更进一步。 I have nothing further to say. 我没有什么要说的了。同步练习二、选择（每题1 分，共25 分）( )1. -What _you _?- I am _my sister.A. do, do, babysitB. are, doing, babysitC. did, do, babysittingD. are, doing, babysitting( )2. Your plan_good. L

28、ets discuss it.A. sound B. to soundC. sounding D. sounds( )3. I plan _to America.A. go B. to goingC. to go D. is going( )4. I heard that Xian is a good place_.A. to go B. to goingC. of go D. going( )5. I am staying _home _next week.A. in;/ B. at; theC. in;the D. at;/( )6. I asked her _her health.A.

29、for B. aboutC. on D. in( )7. Can you finish _the book in about a week?A. read B. readingC. to read D. reads( )8. I am going hiking _the mountain.A. on B. toC. of D. in( )9. -_are you going to stay there?-_a week.A. When; About B. How; ForC. How long; For D. What; About( )10. -is his cousin leaving J

30、inan?-Next week.A. How long B. How oftenC. When D. Where( )11. Mike _London _Paris the day after tomorrow.A. is leaving, for B. leaves, forC. is leaving form, to D. leaves, to( )12. I cant wait _the nice picture.A. buy B. boughtC. buying D. to buy( )13. He works very hard. Every night he doesnt go t

31、o bed_eleven oclock.A. after B. sinceC. in D. until( )14. -I am going to Dalian to spend the vacation.-_.A. Congratulations.B. Thats true.C. Have a good time.D. Thats nothing.( )15. He _me a beautiful card from America.A. took B. sentC. spent D. asked( )16. Would you please _us the pictures of your

32、parents?A. take B. showC. forget D. find( )17. He thought about _to Greece or Spain, but decided_Canada.A. going, to B. go, onC. going, on D. go, to( )18. Dont forget _the windows when you leave.A. close B. closingC. to close D. closed( )19. -What are we going to do on Sunday?-How about _?A. going b

33、ike ridingB. to go bike to rideC. going to bike ridingD. to go bike riding( )20. -What are you going to give your mother for her birthday?-Im not sure. But Ill buy her_.A. anything specialB. something specialC. special somethingD. special anything( )20. -What are you going to give your mother for he

34、r birthday?-Im not sure. But Ill buy her_.A. anything specialB. something specialC. special somethingD. special anything( )21. -When did the 2008 Olympics Games start?-_August 8, 2008.A. On B. InC. For D. At( )22. Tom with his parents _going to Hawaii.A. is B. areC. has D. have( )23. It is a _trip.

35、You will feel very _.A. relaxing; relaxingB. relaxed; relaxingC. relaxed; relaxedD. relaxing; relaxed( )24. I think _are very difficult.A. my all problemsB. all my problemC. all my problemsD. my all problem( )25. I want to know when you return _Beijing _New YorkCity.A. back to, fromB. from, toC. fro

36、m, backD. to, in三、词形变化（每题 1 分，共10 分）1. Why not go _(boat) on the river with me?2. The children like _( swim) in the lake.3. Do you enjoy _(teach) English in our class, Mr. Green?4. Are you _(go)_(hike) this Sunday?5. Lucy is going camping on the _(twelve).6. She _(take) a photo of her baby last week

37、end.7. Are you _(babysit) your little sister this Sunday?8. Lots of _(visit) come to the city at this time of year.9. Will you please show all your _(photo) to me?10. That sounds _(interest).四、动词填空（每题 1 分，共10 分）1. I _(babysit) my sister this evening.2. Tom _(visit) his cousins tomorrow afternoon.3.

38、You want to go to Canada for vacation. When _you _(go)?4. Why not go _(boat) on the river with me ?5. We often _(help) Granny Li _(do) the housework.6. China is a good place _(go) sightseeing.7. We plan _(visit) Tibet next year.8. How about _(stay) at home this evening?9. After I finished _(go) shop

39、ping, I cooked at home.10. He _(take) a vacation in Hainan last winter.五、翻译句子（每空 1 分，共10 分）1. 当我们回到学校的时候给我看你的照片。_ me your photos when we _ _ _ school.2. 那里怎么样？What is it _there?3. 那里天气怎么样？_ the weather there?4. 他考虑了去希腊和西班牙，但是决定在加拿大。He _ _ _ to Greece or Spain , but decided_Canada.六、句型转换（每空 1 分，共10 分

40、）1. The tourists are going to stay in Beijing for a week. ( 对划线部分提问 )_ _ are the tourists going to stay in Beijing?2. They are getting back to the farm this afternoon. ( 对划线部分提问 )_ _ they getting back to the farm?rd 改为一般疑问句3. Mike is going to Hawaii on August 3 . ( )rd_ Mike_ to Hawaii on August 3 ?

41、4. Dave is studying for the math test this weekend. ( 对划线部分提问 )_ Dave_ this weekend?5. I hope you will have a good time there. ( 同义句转换 )I hope you will_ _ there.七、改错（每题1 个错误，每题1 分，共 10 分）1. I saw him coming yesterday.2.How many is the pork？Seven yuan a kilo.3. Dont be later again.4. I am free in the

42、 moment.5. I am afraid this isnt her6. In winter there is many ice and snow.7. There is no any time to think about it.8.Hello，May I speak Jim？9. I would like to have other piece of cake.10.What a good work！八、完型（10 分）Most American families like to have a holiday_1_summer. Summeris season( 季节 ) _2_hol

43、idays. It is very hot during the months ofJuly and August. Children do not go to school during these_3_months.Some _4_like to stay at home during the holiday. They work inthe garden, visit friends, _5_books, or _6_TV. Manyfamilies _7_their lunch to a park or somewhere far _8_thecity. They like to ea

44、t where there are many trees or there is a nice lake.If they live near the sea, they often go to the beach. They can fish ,swim or enjoy the sun there. America is a large country. Manyfamilies travel by _9_or by train to see interesting places. Theyalso travel by plane to a foreign country. Many big cities have m