人教版七年级上册英语语法知识与习题.doc

1、七年级上册英语语法知识及习题定冠词的用法1) 用于指谈话双方都知道的人或事物Open the door, please. 请把门打开。2)用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或 an”，以后再次提到用“ the）”I have a pencil , the pencil is green . 我有一支铅笔，这支铅笔是绿色的。3)用在序数词前January is the first month of the year. 一月份是一年当中的第一个月。4) 表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物the sun 太阳the moon 月亮the earth 地球5) 表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加th

2、eplay the piano 弹钢琴play the violin拉小提琴the sky天空the world世界零冠词的用法52. 专有名词前一般不加冠词Tom汤姆China 中国Europe 欧洲2) 月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词January 一月份Sunday 星期日National Day国庆节May DayChristmas Day 劳动节圣诞节Thanksgiving感恩节比较：.on a Sunday morning.在一个星期天的早晨3）三餐、四季前一般不加冠词I have lunch at school.我在学校吃午餐。.（表示某一个。 ）4）球类运动不加冠词play

3、basketball 打篮球play volleyball打排球play football踢足球时态概说在英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，要用不同的动词形式来表示，这种动词的不同形式称为时态。I am 14 this year. 今年我 14 岁。I was 13 last year.去年我 13 岁。He plays soccer every day.他每天都踢足球。He played soccer yesterday.昨天他踢足球了。英语中共有16 种时态，常用的有9 种。一般现在时一般现在时表示现在的状态，如：He is 12.She is at home.表示经常的或习惯性的动

4、作，如： I go to school at 7:30 every day.表示主语具备的性格和能力等，如：She likes apples. They know English.动词的种类动词分为四种：连系动词, 实义动词 , 助动词 , 情态动词1）连系动词：词义不完全，要和后面的表语一块构成谓语。1) be (am, is are)是， sound 听起来， look 看起来She is my sister.That sounds interesting .听起来很有趣。2）实义动词，有实际意义的动词，能单独做谓语。如see, ask, likeI like bananas.3）助动词：

5、本身没有词义，帮助实义动词一起构成否定句，疑问句。如I dontlike chicken .do，doesDoes he like apples ?4）情态动词；本身具有一定意义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和实义动词一起构成谓语。can,能，会， must ,必须， 情态动词后一定要用动词原形。I can speak English .I must find it .我一定要找到它动词 be 的用法be 的用法口诀我用 am，你用 are， is 连着他，她，它；单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。变否定，更容易，be 后 not 莫忘记。疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫

6、迟疑。Be 动词专项练习用 am, is, are 填空：1. I _ a student. _ you a student? No, I _ not.2. The girl_ Jacks sister.3. The dog _ tall and fat.4. The man _ a teacher.5. _ your brother in the classroom?6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home.7. How _ your father?8. Jane and Tom _ my friends9. Where _ my pen ?10. Wher

7、e _ my books ?11. That _ my red skirt.12. Who _ I?13. The jeans _ on the desk.14. Here _ a photo of my family .15. Here _ some sweaters for you.16. The black book _ for Su Yang.17. This pair of socks_ 20 dollars.18. The two cups of milk _ for me.19. Some tea _ in the glass.20. How much _ the skirt?2

8、1How much _ the trousers ?22. My sisters name _Nancy.23. _ David and Helen from England?24. There _ a girl in the room.25. You, he and I _ from China.句型转换的方法一.肯定句变否定句1.句子中有be，在 be 后加 not。)I am a student. I am not a student.2)They are blue . They arentblue.3)He is Tom. He isntTom2.谓语是动词原形，在动词前加don t。

9、) I have a book . I donthave a book.2)They like Chinese . They dontlike Chinese.3)We come from China. We don tcome from China.3 谓语动词是第三人称单数，在动词前加doesnt，动词用原形。1)She has a basketball. She doesnthave a basketball2)Maria likes China. Maria doesn tlike China.3)Jane comes from the U.S.A. Jane doesntcome f

10、rom the U.S.A.练习：将下列句子变成否定句。1.I am a teacher. I _ a teacher.2.We are students. We _ students.3.Jane is a girl. Jane _ a girl.4.They like English. They _ like ChineseI come from China. I _ come from China.He likes Chinese. He_ like Chinese.Maria comes from Cuba. Maria_ come from Cuba.We know Maria. W

11、e _ know Maria10. .肯定句变一般疑问句句子中有 be，把 be 提到句首I am a student. Are you a student?They are blue. Are they blue?He is Tom. Is he Tom?2.谓语是动词原形，在句首加do。1).I have a book . Do you have a book?They like Chinese . Do they like Chinese?We come from China. Do you come from China?3.谓语动词是第三人称单数，在句首加Does，动词用原形。如 S

12、he has a basketball . Does she have a basketball?如 Maria likes China. Does Maria like China?如 Jane comes from the U.S.A. Does Jane come from the U.S.A?如 She knows Maria. Does she know Maria?练习 :将下列句子变成一般疑问句。1. I am a teacher._ _ a teacher?2. They are students. _ _ students?3. Jane is a girl. _ _ a g

13、irl?4. They like English. _ they like English?5. I come from China. _ you come from China?6. He likes Chinese._ he_ Chinese?7. Maria comes from America._ Maria _ from America?8. We speak Chinese. _ you_ Chinese?三.一般疑问句做肯定,否定回答1.Are you Maria ?肯定回答： Yes , Iam.否定回答： No, Im not.2.问句和答语的动词保持一致.1)Are you

14、 a student?肯 : Yes, I am.否： No, I otm. n2)Is he Jack ?肯： _.否： _.3)Do they like Chinese?肯： _.否： _.4)Does she have a basketball ?肯： _.否： _.3.问句和答语中的主语保持一致。（必须用主格）1)Is Jane from the U.S.A?肯 :Yes, she is.否 :No， she isnt.2)Does Li Hua come from China?肯： _.否： _.3)Do Jane and Maria like China?肯： _.否： _.4)I

15、s this a ruler?肯： _.否： _.5) Is that a desk?肯： _.否： _.6) Are these books?肯： _.否： _.7) Are those pencils?肯： _.否： _.8) Are these erasers?肯： _.否： _.9) Is that an orange?肯： _.否： _.练习：给下列句子做肯定回答或否定回答。1.Are you a student?Yes, _ . No, _ _ .2. Dothey like English?Yes, _ _ . No, _ _ .3. Is Jane a girl?Yes,_ _

16、. No, _ _ . .4. Does Maria like China?Yes, _ _ . No, _ _.5. Is Jenny a student?Yes , _ _No , _ _.6.Is that a girl?Yes , _ _No , _ _.7.Are those telephones?Yes , _ _ No , _ _ .8. Does Tom know Jane?Yes , _ _ No , _ _.9.Do they come from the U.S.A?Is this an egg?Yes , _ _ No , _ _四.对划线部分提问.口诀：一选二变三问号:

17、一选是分析句意，先选疑问词，般疑问句（疑问词作主语时除外）练习：对划线部分提问代替划线部分 （划线部分去掉） ，二变是把剩余部分变成一，第三步加上问号。1. The shoes are black_2. She is my teacher. _3 My keys are on the sofa._4. Lily is in the classroom._5. I am fine. _6. That boy is Tom. _5. Her telephone number is 88828539. _6. The skirt is 12 dollars _7. She is 12 years o

18、ld. _8. His name is Jim Green ._9. My birthday is on December,24_1.My name is Nancy._ _ your name?2.I am from China. _ _ you from?3.I am fine . _ are you?4. Miss.Wangis our English teacher._is your English teacher?5.Lucy is ten years old._ _areyou?6. It is yellow ._ _is it ？7.My telephone number is

19、5805000._ _your telephone number?8.They are cars . _ are they?9.This is my cap._cap is this?10.My favorite movie star is Bruce Lee._ is your favorite movie star ?五.同义句转换 .1.Please give Jane the book.Please _ thebook_ Jane.2.Thisis my book.This book is _3.He has short hair. _ is short.4.My ruler is n

20、ot long.My ruler is_5.This jacket is not new.This jacket is _6.My English teacher is old .My English teacher is not _.六.单复数转换 .1.将下列句子变成复数 .It is a box . _ _ _ _ .This is a ruler. _ _ _ _.That is an eraser. _ _ _ _.He is a student. _ _ _ _.2.将下列句子变成单数。1.Theyarepencils. _ _ _ _ .2.These are erasers.

21、_ _ _ _ .3.They are boys. _ _ _ _ .4.They are girls . _ _ _ _ .5.Thosearebooks. _ _ _ _ .6.These are desks. _ _ _ _ .7.These are boxes. _ _ _ _ .8.Those are cars. _ _ _ _ .1. . 仿照例句改写下列句子。She is in the classroom .否定句： She is not in the classroom.一般疑问句：Is she in the classroom?回答： Yes,she is. (No, she

22、 isnt)1. I am a student .否定句： _一般疑问句： _肯、否定回答：_2. This is my book.否定句： _一般疑问句： _肯、否定回答：_3. They are on the desk.否定句： _一般疑问句： _肯、否定回答：_4. The pen is red.否定句： _一般疑问句： _肯、否定回答：_ 八改写句子1. Those are my books.否定句： _一般疑问句： _肯、否定回答：_变单数： _划线部分提问：_2. She is my good friend.否定句： _一般疑问句： _肯、否定回答：_变复数： _划线部分提问：_3

23、. The pen is in the desk.否定句： _一般疑问句： _肯、否定回答：_变复数： _划线部分提问：_动词 have , has 的用法用法一 . have 强调所属关系，主语常为人或物。意为“有”当主语是第三人称单数，并且只有当句子为肯定句时，动词“有”用has，当主语不是第三人称单数时，以及否定句和疑问句中用一律用have一用 have 或 has 填空：She_ some balls.They_ a nice garden.Miss Li doesnt_ an English book.What does Mike_?My father_ a story-book 。

24、My parents don t_ any nice pictures.David s friends_ a basketball.David_ some jackets.二仿照例句句型转换：1.We have a baseball.变一般疑问句Do you have a baseball ?肯定回答Yes ,I do .否定回答No , I don t.否定句We donthave a baseball .对划线部分提问What do you have ?2.David has a ruler .变一般疑问句Does David have a ruler ?(注意 has 变成 have)肯

25、定回答Yes , he does .否定回答No , he doesn t否定句 David doesn thave a ruler . (注意 has 变成 have) 对划线部分提问 What does David have? ( 注意 has 变成 have) 练习：1.Eric has some nice photos.变一般疑问句_肯定回答_否定回答_否定句_对划线部分提问_2.Her friends have many books.变一般疑问句_肯定回答_否定回答_否定句_对划线部分提问_3.Our school has a library.变一般疑问句_肯定回答_否定回答_否定句

26、_对划线部分提问_4.Lucy has an orange skirt.变一般疑问句_肯定回答_否定回答_否定句_对划线部分提问_用法二 . Have 和 has 除了意思为“有”外，还可以表示“吃或喝”1.吃早饭_2.吃午饭_ 3.吃晚饭 _用法三 Have 也可以和表示某种活动的名词连用，意为“举行”7.上课_8.举行生日聚会_句型转换1. I have some fish for lunch every day.变一般疑问句_肯定回答_否定回答_否定句_对划线部分提问_2.Lily has apples for dinner.变一般疑问句_肯定回答_否定回答_否定句_对划线部分提问_(三

27、 ) 动词 like 的用法仿照例句句型转换：1.They like ice cream.变一般疑问句Do they like ice cream?肯定回答Yes , they I do .否定回答No , they don t.否定句they don tlike ice cream .对划线部分提问What do they like ?2.She likes vegetables.变一般疑问句Does she like vegetables? (注意 likes 变成 like)肯定回答 Yes , she does .否定回答No , she doesnt.否定句She doesntlik

28、e vegetables ( 注意 likes 变成 like)对划线部分提问What does she like ?练习：1. I like strawberries .变一般疑问句_肯定回答_否定回答_否定句_对划线部分提问_2 .you like salad.变一般疑问句_肯定回答_否定回答_否定句_对划线部分提问_3. Lily likes apples .变一般疑问句_肯定回答_否定回答_否定句_对划线部分提问_4. His father likes pears.变一般疑问句_肯定回答_否定回答_否定句_对划线部分提问_句型转换专项训练Her phone number is 2345

29、167.( 提问 ) _ _ phone number?I am Jim Green.(同义句 ) _ _ _ Jim Green.六 This is an ID card. (提问 ) _ _ in English?4.This is Jim s同card义句.( ) _ _ is Jim s.5. Her family name is Green. ( 同义句 ) Her _ _ is Green.6. They are Lucy and Lily. (同义句 ) _ _ _ Lucy and Lily.7. My last name is Green and first name is Jim. ( 同义句 ) _.8. H