人教版八年级上册英语第六单元知识点复习提纲.doc

1、人教版八年级上册英语第六单元知识点复习提纲Unit 6 Im going to study computer science一 重点单词讲解1. cook n. 厨师； v. 烹饪，煮 cooker n. 炊具常见搭配cook a meal = do some cooking 做饭cook sb sth = cook sth for sb 给某人做饭2. violinist n. 小提琴手 其词根为violin拓展 (1)后缀ist 表示“从事.者”。如scientist 科学家；artist 艺术家；pianist 钢琴家(2)在英语中表示职业名称的名词构成通常有以下几种情况：A. 动词+e

2、r/or ;意为“.家/人”。如：sing-singer 歌唱家，歌手B. 名词（多为自然学科）+ ist 可构成“.家”。如：science(科学)-scientist(科学家); art-artistC. 名词+ian,构成“.家/员”。如：music-musician 音乐家3. driver n. 驾驶员，司机其词根为drive drive v. 开车，驾驶；驱使；驱赶 drive sb to do sth 驱使某人做某事4. language n. 语言 该词为不可数名词，当表示几种语言时为可数名词5. resolution n. 决心，决定常见搭配 make a resolutio

3、n 下决心6. grade n. 成绩等级，评分等级常见搭配 get good grades= get good scores 取得好成绩7. promise n. 诺言，承诺； v. 许诺，承诺常见搭配make promises 许下诺言，做出承诺keep a promise 守诺break a promise 违背诺言promise to do sth 答应做某事promise sb to do sth 答应某人做某事8. foreign adj. 外国的 foreigner n. 外国人9. improve v. 改善，改进。相当于make.better improvement n. 改

4、进，改善10. question v. 质疑，提问，怀疑 n. 问题 questionable adj. 可疑的，有问题的常见搭配out of question 毫无疑问的，不成问题的 out of the question 不可能的；根本谈不上如：Its out of the question. You are too young to do it.这不可能，你还太小了，不能做到。Getting help from her is out of question. 得到她的帮助不成问题。problem & question problem 指说话者认为难以解决的问题，常与动词solve或set

5、tle搭配; question 指说话者需要寻求答案的问题，常与ask或answer搭配。二 重点短语1. grow up 长大，成熟，成长 grow up into 长大成为. grow-ups 成年人 grow-up 成熟的2. keep on doing sth = go on doing 坚持/继续做.3. be sure + about/of sth 确信，对.有把握 be sure to do sth 务必做某事，一定做某事例如：Im sure to practice the piano after class. 放学后我一定练习钢琴。4. make sure + to do st

6、h 确保，查明某事 make sure that + 句子 确保，查明某事例如：You must make sure that these students can go home on time.你一定要确保这些学生能准时到家。5. be able to do sth 能够做某事拓展be able to do & can 的辨析(1)be able to 强调通过努力而获得的能力，而can则强调自身已具有的能力。如：1. He will be able to sing this song in English in a few hours, too.几小时之后，他也能用英语唱这首歌。2. S

7、he can sing this song in English 她能用英语唱这首歌。(2) be able to 强调一种结果，而can只强调一种可能性。如：Luckily, he was able to escape from the big fire in the end.幸运的是，他终于逃出了大火。If he got here a few hours earlier, I could save him.要是他早几个小时来，我还能救他。(3) be able to 可以有各种时态，而can只有一般现在时态和一般过去时态。(4) can可用于表示可能性，推测，允许等情况，而be able

8、to 通常不这样用。三 重点句型1. What do you want to be when you grow up?(1) when you grow up 在此作时间状语状语从句。时间状语从句可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。放在主句前时，常加逗号与主句隔开。例如：When I grow up, I am going to do what I want to do.当我长大后，我想做我想做的事情。拓展when 引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般现在时态表示将来。例如：When she comes back, I will come back. 当她回来的时候，我会告诉你。(2) grow up

9、 长大；成熟；成长。是不及物动词。例如：She is growing up fast. 她长得很快。2. Im going to practice basketball every day.(1)practice v. 练习practice doing sth 练习做某事practice sth 练习某事practice n. 练习；实践，经验。常用做不可数名词。如：Practice makes perfect. 孰能生巧。3. The Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway.by表示“由/被.(创作的)” This is the popular song by Ma

10、x.4. Well, Im going to keep on writing stories, of course.keep v. 保持，保留常见搭配keep on doing sth 不断地做某事；继续做某事keep(sb) doing sth (让某人)一直做某事keep sb from doing sth 阻止/妨碍某人做某事例如：We will keep on working hard this year. 今年我们会继续努力。 Im sorry to keep you waiting for a long time. 很抱歉让你久等了。You should keep your son

11、 from playing the phone too much.你应该阻止你儿子玩太多的手机。5. Well, dont worry. worry v. 担心，担忧短语worry about = be worried about sth/ab 担忧，担心某人/某事6. Shes going to study education.education n. 教育educator n. 教育家 educate v. 教育；培训；培养搭配further education 继续教育，进修7. Shes going to take acting lessons.(1) acting lessons 表

12、演课。在这里acting是act的动名词形式，与名词lessons构成名词词组。类似的动名词+名词表达还有：swimming club 游泳俱乐部 dancing/singing competition 舞蹈/歌咏比赛(2) take.lesson 上.课程8. Im going to study medicine. Medicine 医学；医术；药物搭配take medicine 吃药，服药9. Im going to write articles and send them to magazines and newspapers.send v. 送；寄；派遣。其过去式和过去分词形式都是se

13、nt。常用搭配send sb sth=send sth to sb 把某物送/寄给某人I will send a gift to my friend.= I will send my friend a gift.我将寄一个礼物给我朋友。10. Sounds interesting.(1)sound 在此为系动词，意为“听起来”，后接形容词。常见短语：sound like + 名词 听起来像.例如：The song sounds sound beautiful. It sounds like a good idea.sound 还可以做名词, 表示“声音”。它指大自然中的一切声音。(3) 类似的

14、系动词还有：look 看起来 feel 摸起来，感觉起来taste 尝起来 seem 似乎 appear 看起来11. Im going to learn another foreign language. (1) foreign adj. 外国的，外来的 foreigner n. 外国人常见搭配 a foreign language 一门外语 foreign tourists 外国游客(2) another +名词单数 表示“另一个/再/又.” another +大于1的数字+名词复数形式，表示“又，再.”12. Its a kind of promise.Promise n. 承若；诺言常

15、见搭配make a promise 许下承诺，许下诺言 keep a promise 信守诺言 break a promise 违背诺言promise v. 许诺，承诺常见搭配promise (sb)to do sth 答应/许诺(某人)做某事 promise sb sth 向某人许诺某事例如：I promise to visit her next week. 我答应下周去看她。 My mother promise a new dress. 我妈妈答应给我买一条新裙子。13. When we make resolutions at the beginning of the new year,

16、we hope that we are going to improve ourselves.(1) at the beginning of= at the start of.在.的开端；在.开始(2) At the beginning= at first 起初例如：I thought he was a teacher in a middle school at the beginning. 起初我以为他是一名初中生。(3) improve v. 改善，改进 improvement n. 改善，改进例如：I want to improve my English. 我想提高我的英语。 impro

17、ve也可以作不可数名词。例如：Your English is improving. 你的英语在提高。14. Some people write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year.(1) write down 写下，记下。当宾语是代词时，代词放在write 和down之间。如果宾语是名词，该名词可以放在write和down之间，也可以放在down后面。(2) Resolution n. 决心，决定。常用短语：make resolutions 做决定；下决心15. Many resolutions have to do wit

18、h self-improvement. Have to do with . 关系；与.有关联The result has to do with that man.结果与那个人有关。 Have nothing to do with. 与.没有任何关系16. Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos, or learn to play the guitar.(1)take up sth 开始.(通常指某项消遣活动)(2)take up doing sth 开始/学着做

19、某事(3)take up 还有“占用(时间/空间)”的含义。例如：This table takes up too much room. 这张桌子占用太大的空间了。 I dont want to take up your time. 我不想占用你们的时间。17. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.(1) too + adj./adv. (for sb)to do sth 表示“某事（对某人来说）太.而不能.”例如：This car is too expensive for me to buy. 这辆车对我来说太贵了，我买

20、不起。(2) too.to 可以与so +adj./adv. +that 否定含义的从句（如此.以至于.）互换。也可以与not+adj./adv. + enough to so sth （不够.做某事）互换。例如：The boy is too young to dress himself.=The boy is so young that he cant dress himself.=The boy is not old enough to dress himself.18. To question the idea of making resolutions.(1) question v.

21、质疑；怀疑；提问(2) question n. 问题；疑问（常与ask/answer一起用）(3) the idea of/for doing sth 做某事的想法/主意19. To give the meaning of resolution.meaning n. 意义，涵义meaningful adj. 有意义的 meaningless adj. 毫无意义的mean v. 意味着，意思是. mean doing sth 意味着做某事20. To discuss the different kinds of resolutions.(1) discuss v. 讨论，商量 discussio

22、n n. 商量，讨论(2) discuss sth with sb 和某人讨论某事=have a discussion with sb on/about sth (3) discuss sth = have a discussion on/about sth 讨论某事(4) Discuss + 特殊疑问词+to do sth如：We need to discuss when to go.21. The first resolution is about my own personal improvement.(1) own adj. & pron. 自己的，本人的常见短语 of ones ow

23、n 属于某人自己的(2) own v. 拥有如：He owns a big house in the city.他在城里有一座大房子。(3) owner n. 主人，拥有者如： He is the owner of the car. 他是车主。22. Ideas for improving my relationships with my family and friends.relationship n. 关系；联系常见搭配relationship with sb 与某人的关系 relationship between A and B A与B的关系四 语法be going to 的用法 go

24、ing to 是一般将来时态的一种形式，后接动词原形，be动词的形式随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。1. 用法(1) 表示主语的意图，即打算或计划做某事。如：We are going to the zoo tomorrow. 我们明天打算去动物园。(2) 表示主语根据目前迹象所作出的推测。即将要.例如：Look at the dark clouds in the sky. I think its going to rain.看天上的乌云，我觉得快要下雨了。2. 与be going to 连用的时间状语“be going to do ”表示“将要/打算做某事”，该事情还未发生，因此常与一些表示将来

25、时间的状语连用。如：tomorrow, tomorrow morning/afternoon.,next week/month/year等。有时候还可以与when,before,until等引导的时间状语从句连用。例如：What are you going to do when you finish your work? 你做完工作后打算做什么？3. 含be going to 的句型(1) 肯定句：主语+be going to +动词原形+其他。 I am going to visit the museum tomorrow.(2) 否定句：主语+ be not going to +动词原形+

26、其他。 He is not going to play basketball this afternoon.(3) 一般疑问句：Be + 主语+going to +动词原形+其他? 肯定回答：Yes，主语 + be. 否定回答：No, 主语+ be not. -Are you going to visit the museum tomorrow? -Yes, I am. /No, I am not.(4) 特殊疑问词+be +主语+going to +动词原形+其他?4. 注意(1) there be 句型与be going to一起用的结构为：there is/are going to be .(注意句型中后面的be不能改为have).该句型常用来表示将有某事发生。如；There is going to be a sports meeting next week.下周将会有一次运动会。(2) 表示位置移动的动词一般不用于be going to 的结构，而它们多用于现在进行时表示将来时。这些位移动词有go,come,arrive, fly, leave,move,start等。例如：His father is coming soon.他的爸爸要来了。