人教版八年级英语上册Unit3知识点精讲.docx

1、Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister.一、词汇应用1.play the drums 敲鼓2.the singing competition 歌唱比赛3.learn something new 学一些新东西4.have fun 玩得开心；过得愉快5.be talented in在方面有天赋6.the same as和相同；与一致7.care about关心；在意8.a good listener 善于倾听的人9.make friends交朋友10.as long as只要；既然11.be different from 与不同；与有差异12.bring ou

2、t 使显现；使表现出13.get good grades 取得好成绩14.in fact确切地说；事实上；实际上15.break ones arm摔断了某人的胳膊16.be similar to与相像的、类似的17.primary school小学18.be good with 善于应付的；对有办法19.be good at (doing) sth. 擅长(做)某事20.help (to) do sth.帮忙做某事21.make sb. do sth.使某人做某事22.A good friend is like a mirror. 好朋友就像一面镜子。23.Friends are like b

3、ooks you dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good.朋友如书，不在多而贵在好。24.A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.一个真正的朋友是在需要时给你帮助，使你感动。25.Shes always there to listen. 她随时都能够听我倾诉。二、词汇精讲1. both(1) 代词，意为“两者，双方，两人”。例如：Both of the flowers are very beautiful. = The flowers are both very

4、beautiful.这两朵花都很漂亮。(2) 形容词，意为“两者的，双方的”。例如：She wants both dictionaries. 这两本字典她都想要。Both the answers are wrong. 这两个答案都是错的。(3) 副词，意为“两者，两者都是”，常用于行为动词之前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。例如：They can both dance. 他们俩都会跳舞。(4) bothand意为“和都，既又”，用于连接两个并列成分，连接并列主语时， 谓语动词应该用复数形式。例如： Both you and your sister like it very much. 你和你

5、姐姐都非常喜欢它。【拓展】(1) 当both用于否定句时，表示“并非两者都”。例如：I dont like both the sweaters. 这两件毛衣，我并不都喜欢。(2) bothand的否定形式为neithernor意为“既不也不”。例如： He can speak neither French nor English. 他既不会法语也不会英语。2. outgoing与quiet outgoing作形容词，意为“外向的，友好的；擅于交际的”，其比较级为more outgoing。其反义词为quiet，意为“安静的，文静的”，可作定语或表语。例如：They walked to a qu

6、iet place. 他们向一个安静的地方走去。You have a cold, so you must keep quiet at home. 你感冒了，所以必须在家静养。He is more outgoing than me. 他比我能说会道。【拓展】calm，still，quiet与silent：(1)calm 意为“镇静的；平静的”。指不受干扰时的宁静、平静；指人时表示沉着的、镇定的。(2)still 意为“不动的；静止的”。指物理上的安静状态。 (3)quiet意为“安静的；静止的”。指寂静的状态，没有吵闹、骚乱，指人表示娴静、文静。 (4)silent意为“沉默的；无言的”。主要指

7、人，指不发出声音或不说话，强调无声的状态。 例如：When we face danger, we should keep calm. 面对危险，我们应该保持沉着、冷静。The baby kept still when she was taking photos. 当给这个婴儿拍照时，她一动也不动。Be quiet, everyone. The teacher is coming. 同学们，安静！老师来了。We shouldnt keep silent when the teacher asks us some questions.当老师问我们问题时，我们不应该保持沉默。【注意】quiet意为“

8、安静的”，quite意为“相当”。3. win win作动词，意为“赢得；打败；战胜”，其现在分词要双写n，为winning；过去式和过去分词均为won。例如： He won a prize last week. 他上周得奖了。 They won the basketball match yesterday. 他们昨天赢得了那场篮球比赛。He knew this was his last hope of winning. 他知道这是他获胜的唯一希望了。【拓展】 win与beat： (1) win强调赢得“比赛、游戏、战争”，获得“名次、奖品”。例如： win a prize得奖 win a g

9、ame赢得比赛 win a honor赢得荣誉 win a battle 赢得战斗 win a match赢得比赛 win a scholarship赢得奖学金(2) beat强调“打败，战胜”，其后只能接比赛、竞争的对手，即beat只能接表示人的词语作宾语。例如：beat a team 战胜/打败一队（组）beat a nation战争/打败一个国家beat an opponent战胜/打败一个对手4. heavy 与thinheavy和thin是一组意义相反的形容词，都可用来描述人的体型。heavy意为“胖的，笨重的”，比较级形式为heavier；thin意为“瘦的”，其比较级形式为thi

10、nner。例如：He is very heavy, but his brother is thin. 他很胖，可他的哥哥却瘦。【拓展】heavy还可意为“重的；剧烈的；大的”等。例如：heavy rain/snow/smoke大雨/大雪/浓烟heavy smoker/drinker/eater烟瘾/酒瘾/食量大的人have a heavy cold患重感冒heavy(busy) traffic 交通拥挤5. care aboutcare about意为“关心，在意”。例如：She does not care about her husband at all. 她根本不关心她的丈夫。 Dont

11、you care about this countrys future? 难道你不为国家前途担忧吗? I dont care about money. 我不看重钱。【拓展】 care for意为“照顾，照料；想要；喜欢”。例如：Would you care for some more tea? 想再喝点茶吗?The mother cared for the sick child day and night. 母亲日夜照料着生病的孩子。I dont care for riding on a bike very much; Id rather go on foot. 我不太喜欢骑自行车, 宁愿步行

12、。6. seriousserious作形容词，意为“严肃的、认真的、严重的、危险的”。比较级为more serious。常用搭配为：be serious about意为“对认真”。例如： How serious the matter is! 问题是多么严重啊！ I stopped laughing when I realized he was serious about it.当我意识到他不是开玩笑时，我就不再笑了。7. touch(1)touch作动词，意为“感动；触摸”。例如：Dont touch the paint until its dry. 油漆未干,切勿触摸。 His sad st

13、ory touched our hearts. 他的悲惨的故事深深打动了我们的心。 The peak seems to touch the sky. 山峰似乎已触及天空。(2)touch作名词，意为“接触；联系”。例如：The blind have a keen sense of touch. 盲人有敏锐的触觉。 They keep close touch with me. 他们和我保持密切联系。8. reach(1)reach作动词，意为“伸手；到达；抵达；取得联系”。例如：He reached into his pocket to get his car keys. 他把手伸进口袋里拿车钥

14、匙。 We reached the nearest railway station last night. 我们昨天晚上到达最近的火车站。 The garden reaches the lake. 花园一直延伸到湖边。We tried to reach them by phone. 我们试着用电话跟他们联络。(2)reach作名词，意为“范围”。例如：The book is out of my reach. 那本书我够不到。三、句式精讲1. Thats Tara, isnt it? Thats Tara, isnt it?是反意疑问句，表示对陈述句所说的事实提出相反的疑问，要求对方用“yes”

15、或“no”来进行回答。反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是疑问句，疑问句是由be，have，助动词或情态动词后接主语构成。如果陈述句是肯定结构，反意疑问句须用否定结构；反之,陈述句如果是否定结构，反意疑问句须用肯定结构。反意疑问句的两部分，必须保持人称和时态的一致。例如He is old, isnt he? 他老了，不是吗？He never went there, did he? 他从没有去过那里，是吗？无论哪种形式的反意疑问句，回答时要遵循：“Yes,后接肯定式”或者“No,后接否定式”The girl is helping her mother with the house

16、work, isnt she? 那个女孩正在帮妈妈做家务，不是吗？Yes, she is. 是的，她在帮。No, she isnt. 不，她没有帮。2. Thats why why引导的从句在此作is的表语，是表语从句。引导表语从句的词除了why外，还有that; whether; as if; what; which; who; whose; when; where; how等。表语从句与宾语从句一样，要求用陈述语序。例如：That is where I was born. 那就是我出生的地方。The problem is whether he will come. 问题是他是否回来。Thi

17、s is what we need. 这就是我们所需要的。【注意】Thats why可视以为一个固定句式，表示“这便是为什么”、“这就是的原因”，why的后面一般接句子。例如：Thats why he was late this morning. 这就是他今天早上迟到的原因。3. you dont need a lot of them as long as youre good. as long as为固定搭配，意为“只要”。此句中的long为副词。例如：We can talk about this as long as you want. 主要你想（谈），我们可以谈谈这件事。As long

18、as I live, I will help you. 只要我活着，我就会帮助你。【拓展】as.as中间加形容词或副词原形，表示同级的比较，意为“和一样”。This film is as interesting as that one. 这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。Your pen writes as smoothly as mine. 你的钢笔书写起来和我的一样流畅。其否定式为not as/so as中间加形容词或副词原形，意为“和不一样”。例如：This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think. 这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。4. I thi

19、nk a good friend makes me laugh. make 在此处是使役动词，后接省略to的动词不定式，make sb. do sth.意为“使/让某人做某事”，类似的动词还有let，have等。例如：The boss made them work for long time. 老板让他们长时间工作。They made us forget the past. 他们使我们忘记了过去。【拓展】make作“使”讲时，还可用make+ 宾语 + 形容词/名词（作宾补），即make sb. / sth. +adj./n.。类似的词还有keep等。例如：What he said makes

20、 us happy. 他所说的话使我们很高兴。Dont keep the door open. 别把门开着。We made John our monitor. 我们选约翰当班长。5. My best friend Larry is quite different from me.be different from意为“与不同”。different的名词形式为difference，意为“不同；不同之处”。例如：Saying a thing is very different from doing it. 说一件事和做一件事很不相同。Whether it rains or not makes no

21、 difference to me. 下不下雨对我来说都一样。【拓展】the same as意为“和一样/相同”，as前后跟同类名词、代词或副词。例如：I am in the same school as my younger sister. 我和我的妹妹在同一所学校。综合练习词汇精练I. 汉译英。1. 相反的观点_ 2. 跑得快 _3. 跳得高 _ 4. 工作努力 _5. 擅长 _ 6. 赢得比赛 _7. 使显现 _ 8. 两者都_9. 玩得开心_ 10. 关心，在意_II. 根据首字母填空。1. He doesnt do well in math, a_ he is good at Eng

22、lish and Chinese.2. Most of them have strong i_ in learning English well.3. Jane isnt very o_. She likes to stay at home and do some reading.4. Liu Ying talks more than Liu Li. Liu Li is q_ than Liu Ying.5. B_ of the twins are funny. III. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. She is a little _(heavy) than her sister.2. T

23、his book is _(interest) and I like it very much.3. He is not funny, and he is always very _(serious).4. Is Jack talented in _(play) soccer?5. Lucy always _(beat) me in swimming.6. A true friend _ (reach) for your hand and _ (touch)your heart.7. She is very funny and often makes me _(laugh).8. I enjo

24、y_(sing). I want to be a singer when I grow up.9. Here are _(photo) of my brother.10. There are some _(different) between the twins.【参考答案】I. 汉译英。1. opposite views/opinions 2. run fast 3. jump high 4. work hard 5. be good at/be talented in/do well in6. win the match 7. bring out8. bothand 9. have fun

25、/have a good time/enjoy oneself 10. care aboutII. 根据首字母填空。1. although 2. interest 3. outgoing 4. quieter 5. BothIII. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. heavier 2. interesting 3. serious 4. playing 5. beats 6. reaches；touches7. laugh 8. singing 9. photos 10. differences句式精练I. 根据汉语提示，完成句子，每空一词。1. 我最好的朋友和我有很大的不同。My _ fri

26、end is quite _ _ me.2. 好的朋友善于倾听。A good friend is a _ _ .3. 这便是我喜欢看书的原因。Thats _ _ like _ books.4. 只要你高兴就好。Its fine_ _ _ youre happy.5. 我并不十分在乎我的朋友跟我一样或与我不同。I dont really care _ my friends are _ _ _ me or different. II. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。1. Lucy likes to do the same things as me. (就划线部分提问) _ _ Lucy _ to

27、_ as you?2. They both like going for a walk after supper. (改为同义句) _ _ _ _ going for a walk after supper.3. He didnt feel well yesterday. He still went to school. (合并为一句) _ he didnt feel well yesterday, he still went to school.4. Li Ping doesnt run as far as Wang Lin. (改为同义句) Li Ping _ _ _ Wang Lin.5

28、. The girl is talented in physics. (改为同义句) The girl_ _ in physics.6. My brother does well in English.(改为同义句) My brother _ _ _ English.7. He has got no sisters and no brothers. (改为同义句) He hasnt got any sisters _ brothers.8. I am tall. My best friend is also tall. (合并为一句) My best friend and I _ _ _.9.

29、 Tom and Jack dont look the same. (改为同义句)Tom looks _ _ Jack.10. Both he and his friend like music. (改为反意疑问句) Both he and his friend like music, _ _ ?III根据题意从括号内选择适当的单词完成下列句子。1. I am a little _ (short, shorter) than my brother.2. Helen is the _ (young, younger) of the two.3. The _ (soon, sooner) you

30、come here, the _ (good, better) it will be.4. She studies _ (well, better) than me.5. Shanghai is bigger than _ (any, any other) city in China. IV. 完成对话 根据对话内容，在每个空缺处填入一个适当的词，使整段对话意思完整。请把该空缺处的词填写在答题卡相应的位罝上。（每空限填一词）A: Hello, are you Lin Ming?B: Yes, I am.A: You look the 1 as your twin brother, Lin Do

31、ng.B: As you can see, in some ways, we look the same, 2 we also have some differences.A: Whatre they?B: Though we 3 have yellow hair, my hair is shorter than his. Im good at playing football and he does well in drawing.A: And?B: Im 4 outgoing but hes quieter. He likes to stay at home.A: 5 is taller,

32、 you or Lin Dong?B: Im much taller than him because I do more exercise.【参考答案】I. 根据汉语提示，完成句子，每空一词。1. best；different from 2. good listener 3. why I；reading 4. as long as5. if/whether；the same asII. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。1. What does; like; do 2. Both of them like 3. Although/Though 4. runs nearer than5. does well 6. is good at/is talented in 7. or 8. are both tall9. different from 10. dont theyIII根据题意从括号内选择适当的单词完成下列句子。1. shorter 2. younger 3. sooner; better 4. better 5. any otherV. 补全对话。1. same 2. but 3. both 4. more 5. Who