人教版高中英语选修六期末复习资料.doc

1、人教版选修模块6期末复习资料一. 教学内容： Book 6复习二. 教学内容 1. 掌握常考的考纲重点动词 2. 巩固课文出现的短语 3. 语法知识再现：虚拟语气、强调句与-ing作状语的用法三. 教学重难点 1. 重点词汇的记忆与运用 2. 虚拟语气规则及常见句型；强调句的灵活运用 3. 知识与能力的转化知识分析与详解一、重点动词的用法与考点： 1. belief n.信仰；信任；信心 believe v.相信 believable adj.可信的 经典例句：His belief is to enter Beijing University for further education. 他的

2、信念是进入北京大学，继续深造。 beyond belief无法令人相信；令人难以置信 His story is beyond belief. 他的话难以置信。 I dont believe you. 我不信你说的话。 Do you believe in ghosts? 你相信有鬼吗? 2. convince vt.使确信；使信服 同义词：persuade He convinced me that I should study law.他 劝我应该学法律。 It took many hours to convince the court of his guilt. 花费了许多个小时法庭才相信他有

3、罪。 We convinced Anne to go by train rather than by plane. 我们说服了安妮放弃乘飞机而坐火车走。 3. attempt n.努力；尝试；企图；vt.尝试；企图 make an attempt at doing sth.试图做某事 make a successful attempt to do成功地做了某事=succeed in doing sth.=manage to do sth. attempt to do sth.= try to do sth. She made an attempt to cook the dinner. 她试着

4、做这顿饭。 Some countries attempt to limit Chinese development. 一些国家企图限制中国的发展。 试一试： A man is being questioned in relation to the _ murder last night. A. advised B. attended C. attempted D. admitted 答案：C 句意为：“一个涉嫌参与昨天夜里企图谋杀的人正在接受审讯。”Attempted adj.“未遂的”符合题意。advise v.劝说；attend v.参加； admit v.承认 4. focus v.（使

5、）集中（多指把光、热、射线等集中在一点，也可指把精力、思想、注意力等集中在某一方面，常构成短语focus on All eyes were focused on him.所有人的目光都集中在他的身上。 转化：focus n.（兴趣、活动等的）焦点；中心 Liu Xiang became the focus of everyones attention after winning the Olympic gold medal.获得奥运金牌后，刘翔成了大家关注的焦点。 5. convey vt.传达；运送 convey ones feelings/thanks to sb.向某人表达感情/谢意 c

6、onvey sb./ sth. to sp. 把某人/物运送到某地 I found it hard to convey my feelings in words. 我觉得难以用言语来表达我的感情。 A bus conveys passengers to the airport. 一辆公共汽车把旅客送到机场。 6. manage to do sth.= succeed in doing sth.=was/were able to do sth.设法成功地做到了某事 At last we managed to understand her body language. 最后我们终于明白了她的身势语

7、。 Without her I should not have managed it. 要是没有她的话，我是办不到这一点的。 7. risk n.冒险；风险 risk vt.冒的危险 at risk = in danger at the risk of 冒着之险；不顾之风险 run/take the risk of 冒着的危险 risk ones life in doing sth. 冒着生命危险做 risk doing sth. They risked losing everything. 8. glance vi.看一下；扫视 n.一瞥 glance at一瞥 联想：glare at 怒视

8、 stare at 盯着看 at a glance一见就 take a glance at 看一看 He saw at a glance that she was coming. 他一眼就看到她来了。 9. decrease vi. & vt.减少（使变小或变少） decrease by降低了多少 be decreased in sth. 在方面有所降低 There was a decrease in the number of children in school. 在校的儿童人数有所减少。 10. impress vt.给予深刻印象 impression n. impressive adj

9、. impress sb. with sth. 给某人留下深刻的印象 impress on sb. sth.使某人对印象深刻 leave/give sb. a strong impression 给某人留下深刻的印象 I impressed on him the importance of his work. 我使他注意他的工作的重要性。 11. guarantee vt.& n.保证；担保 Lack of interest is a guarantee of failure. 缺乏兴趣肯定会导致失败。 guarantee sth. against sth.提供保修单 be guarantee

10、d to do sth.肯定会；必定会 The leader of the factory announced that it was guaranteed to decrease the price of its production. 厂领导宣称产品的价格一定会下调。二. 重点短语用法归纳： 1. would rather do A than do B宁愿干A而不愿干B Fat children would rather lie on the sofa watching TV than do a little housework.否定：would rather not do宁愿不干 wou

11、ld rather sb. not do宁愿某人不干 注意：在虚拟语气结构中would rather sb. did（与现在或将来有关）宁愿某人现在或将来干；would rather sb. had done（与过去有关）宁愿某人过去干 Eg. Would you mind if I smoke? I would rather you didnt. 2. aim at 对瞄准；目的在于 He aimed the gun at the enemy officer. Now some English materials are not aimed at the pre-school childre

12、n well, because they are too thick and heavy to carry. 3. 表示数量的短语小结a large number ofa good many ofa variety of相当于many只修饰可数名词复数 a great/good deal of a large amount ofamount of相当于much只修饰不可数名词a lot of= lots of plenty ofa supply of = supplies of修饰可数与不可数名词 4. be well worth很值得 This English film is well wo

13、rth seeing in spite of its long time. 比较：这本书很值得读。 The book is worth reading. The book is worthy of being read. The book is worthy to be read. It is worthwhile reading the book. It is worthwhile to read the book. 5. stay up不睡觉；熬夜；挺立着 You will go to school tomorrow, so I dont want you to stay up too l

14、ate. 相关短词： stay the course 坚持到底 stay away from sth.远离某处 stay on 留下来继续（学习、工作） 6. run out of用完 At the end of the trip, we run out of food and water. Unluckily, time run out before we could score in the football match. 7. by chance偶然地；非故意地 = by accident 反义短语：by intention = on purpose One may make a mis

15、take by chance but one cant make mistakes all his life. 相关短语：miss a chance of doing sth./to do sth.错过做某事的机会 take a chance冒险 take ones chance 碰运气 8. be /become/get addicted to (doing) sth.对成瘾，对入迷 Some students are so addicted to cigarettes that they even hurriedly smoke one during the classbreak in t

16、he washing room. 9. be/become/get accustomed to (doing) sth. = be/get/become used to (doing) sth.习惯于Youll soon get accustomed to the custom here. 10. due to由于；应归于要 This basketball teams success was largely due to Yao Mings efforts. 近义短语：because of , owing to , as a result of, thanks to 11. get into陷

17、入；染上（坏习惯） You should get into the habit of saving the document you are working on every ten minutes. 相关短语：get into trouble陷入困境；get oneself into a real state焦虑不安 12. come about 发生 No one knew how the accident had come about. 近义短语：happen, occur, take place, break out(战争，疾病) 相关短语：come across偶然遇到；碰到 com

18、e along 进展；进行 come out公开；出版；恢复知觉 come up with想出 13. result in导致（引起某种后果）= lead to result from由造成（由于某种原因而产生） His carelessness resulted in his failure. His failure resulted from his carelessness. 相关短语：as a result of因为 with the result that在的影响下 without result毫无结果地 14. make a difference有关系；有影响 It will ma

19、ke a difference whether he comes here or not. 相关短语：make no difference没有任何关系 Make not much difference 没有太大的关系 相关句型：There is a difference between A and B. 15. protect sb./sth. from/against (doing) sth. 保护免受 The school should protect the pupils from the violence. 区别：prevent/stop/keep sth. from (doing)

20、sth阻止某人干 16. be about to dowhen 某人正要突然 I was about to start out when the telephone rang.（when是并列连词，连接两个并列句） 区别：be about to do 表示更近的将来,不能与将来的时间状语连用 be to do 某人即将，强调人的意志、计划或安排 be going to do 打算、将要，指未来的动作 17. vary from to由到多样化，随而变化 Teaching methods vary greatly from teacher to teacher. 近义短语：vary betwee

21、n A and B A与B之间不同 vary in sth.在形状、大小等方面不同；vary with随而变化三. 其它短语回顾： in the flesh活着的；本人 take it easy轻松；不紧张；从容 make up of（多用于被动）构成 to ones joy令人高兴的是 tease sb. = make fun of sb.= play a joke/trick on sb.开某人玩笑 physical and mental health身心健康decide on sth.对作出决定 in spite of=despite不顾；不管 feel like doing sth.

22、=want to do sth.想要（做） stand for代表；支持 compare to和比较；把比喻成 build up建立；增加；增进keep on 继续 on the whole大体上；基本上put up with=stand=bear忍受；容忍 so/as long as 只要and so on 等等 burn to the ground全部焚毁make ones way前往；慢慢地成功 make an effort=make every effort = make efforts努力=try ones best四. 语法知识归纳：（一）虚拟语气规则与重点例句 1. 由if引导的

23、非真实条件句 a. 同现在事实相反的假设。 If they were here, they would help you. b. 表示与过去事实相反的假设。 If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it. c. 表示对将来的假想 If you succeeded, everything would be all right. If you should succeed, everything would be all right. If you were to succeed, everything woul

24、d be all right. 注意1：混合条件句 If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在). 注意2：if引导的虚拟条件句的倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。 Were they here now, they could help us.=If they were here now, they could help us. Had you come earlier, you would

25、have met him=If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Should it rain, the crops would be saved.=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. 2. wish的用法 I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高。 He wished he hadnt said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。 3. 在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动

26、词后面的从句中的应用 order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should ) be sent there. 注意：如suggest, insist不表示“建议” 或“坚持要某人做某事时”，即它们用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“坚持认为”时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 The guard at gate insisted

27、that everybody obey the rules. 判断改错： （错）You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill. (对)Your pale face suggests that you are ill. (错)I insisted that you ( should) be wrong. (对)I insisted that you were wrong. 4. 在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用 在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟

28、语气，即（should）+动词原形。 My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 5. It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。 It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week. It is

29、 necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow. 6. 比较if only与only if only if表示“只有”；if only则表示“如果就好了”。If only也可用于陈述语气。 I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。 If only the alarm clock had rung.当时闹钟响了，就好了。 7. It is (high) time that It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动

30、词原形，但should不可省略。 It is time that the children went to bed. =It is high time that the children should go to bed. 8. need“不必做”和“本不该做” didnt need to do表示： 过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做。 neednt have done表示： 过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。 John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she neednt have walked back home. 约翰开车去

31、车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了。 (Mary步行回家)（二）强调句的判断与用法：（注意：强调句型中去掉It is/was.that仍然是完整的句子。） 1. It is/was +被强调部分+that +句子的其它成分。 I met him in the street this morning. It was I who met him in the street this morning.(强调主语) It was him that I met in the street this morning.(强调宾语) It was in the street that I met him th

32、is morning.(强调地点状语) It was this morning that I met him in the street.(强调时间状语) 2. 疑问句的强调句 Was it in the classroom that the meeting was held? Who was it that broke the vase? 3. not until的强调句 It was not until she took off her glasses that we realized her. 4. 比较：It was 7 oclock that I arrived. (定从) It w

33、as at 7 oclock when I arrived.（强调句） It is true that he is honest.(主从)（三）-ing形式作状语的用法小结：-ing形式作状语,可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。如: Being a teacher, you should help your students in every way.(原因) He died from a sudden traffic accident, leaving the experiment half-done (so that he left the experiment

34、half-done).(结果) Seeing my parents waving in the crowd, I went running to them.(时间;方式) The students entered the classroom, following their English teacher.(伴随) Listening to English every day (If you listen to English every day), youll learn it well step by step. (条件)【模拟试题】一. 单选及填空题 1.Your first speec

35、h will _ you students deeply when you begin a new class. A. teachB. impressC. be givenD. say 2. The team of tourists _ to live through the desert, one female hurt. A. tryB. managedC. persuadedD. required 3. Ill telephone you _ I see her. A. at a glance thatB. glance atC. stare atD. glare at 4. Mr. L

36、is lecture was _. But it was a pity that I missed it. A. worth listeningB. worthy listening C. worth listening to D. worthy to listen to 5. He is _ now. To help him is a _ that Im afford it. A. in danger; B. in danger; risk C. dangerous; riskD. dangerous; take a risk 6. The water level of the river

37、has increased _ half a meter since it began to rain 7 days ago. A. onB. forC. inD. by 7. The bikes driven by electricity _ in colors, sizes and forms. A. varyB. differentC. variousD. all kinds of 8.The forest fire was finally put out _ 10,000 soldiers effort. A. away fromB. becauseC. resulting inD.

38、due to 9. The winter vacation is coming. What would you _ doing? A. like toB. feel likeC. preferred toD. feel 10. _ other boys, this is the most diligent one. A. Compare toB. Compare with C. Compared toD. Comparing 11. One can be easily _ smoking in a smoking family. A. addicted toB. get in the habi

39、t of C. foundD. interesting to 12. Forty-five students _ a class is the proper number according to a study in the U.S., published in a magazine last month. A. makes up ofB. making up of C. made ofD. making up 13. You may keep this book for a month, _ you dont have it lost. A. as well asB. as wellC.

40、as long asD. as far as 14. A teachers too long speech can make the students patience_. A. to run out ofB. to run out C. run outD. run out of 15. If it _ not for the water, the plants_ live. A. were; would notB. is ; could not; C. were; couldD. didnt; would 16. _ to me, John would not have failed. A.

41、 If he has listenedB. Had he listened C. If he listenedD. Should he have listened 17. I wish he _(pass) the entrance examinations last summer. 18. If I _(be) you, I should accept his help. 19. He suggested that the doctor _(send for) at once. 20. _ he _ (be) more careful, he would not have made so m

42、any spelling mistakes. 21. _ is a fact that he has gone to Canada for his holiday. A. There B. ThisC. ThatD. It 22. _ was last winter _ I met Jane in New York. A. That; thatB. It; thatC. That; whenD. It; when 23. The baby was crying. His mother found _ hard to make him calm down. A. herB. thisC. tha

43、tD. it 24. It was _ discovered the secret first. A. I whoB. me thatC. myself thatD. myself who 25. _(walk) along the street, I met an old friend of mine. 26._(bit)by a snake, she was frightened at it.二. 语法填空 阅读下面短文, 根据上下文填入适当的词语, 或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空。 If we want to finish anything in life, let us not forget that we must persevere（坚持不懈）. If we want to learn 1