2020年人教版英语八年级下册unit7(知识点总结+练习).doc

1、 2020年人教版英语八年级下册Unit 7 W hats the highest mountain in the world?Step1 key words and expressions1. as big as 与一样大as +adj./adv.+ as. 否定句：so/as +adj./adv.+as.常用短语：as.as possible 尽可能地 as well as 同，和.一样 as long as 只要 as soon as 一.就 as for 至于2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词 表

2、示“最.之一”3. feel free to do sth=be free to do sth 随意去做某事4. as far as I know =so far as I know据我所知5. any other mountain其他任何一座山 any other +名词单数 =any of the other +复数名词6. run along 跨越 常用搭配：run away 逃走，跑开 run after 追赶 run out 用完 run over 浏览；碾过7. take in air 呼吸空气 take in 吸收常用搭配：take after 与.相像 take away 拿走

3、 take back 退回，归还 take off 起飞 take care of 照顾，照料 take down 取下；写下 take place 发生；进行8. in the face of difficulties 面临危险 in the face of sth 面临，面对；不顾，即使= in spite of （例：succeed in face of danger 不顾危险的完成） face to face 面对面 face up to 勇于面对9. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 give in 让步 give away 捐赠 give back 回来 give

4、out 分发give off 放出 give over 停止10. achieve one s dream 实现某人的梦想相关搭配：achieve success 取得成功11. even though = even if 虽然;尽管12. fall over 摔倒 相关搭配：fall across 遇到 fall asleep 入睡 fall behind 落在.后面 fall down 倒下fall into 落入 fall off 下落 fall on落到13. take care of =look after照顾;照料14. cut down the forests 砍伐林木 cut

5、off =cut into pieces切碎15. include v. 包括；包含A） including为介词，意为“包括在内”。B） Included意为“包括在内的”，用于名词和介词后。16. succeed v.实现目标；成功 succeed in sth.在某方面成功； succeed in doing sth.在做某事成功。拓展：A）success n.成功 B）successful adj.成功的 C）successfully adv.成功地17. force n.力，力量；v.强迫 force to do sth. 强迫某人做某事18. nature n.自然界；大自然 in

6、 nature 实际上，本质上； by nature 生来。19. research n.研究；调查do/carry out/make research on/for/in, 意为“对做研究”20. awake adj.醒着一般只作表语，不作定语。反义词为asleep，意为“睡着”。awake作动词时，过去式为awoke，过去分词awoke。21. excitement n.激动；兴奋 动词形式：excite，意为 “使兴奋，使激动”。22. illness n.疾病；病A） ill作“生病的”讲时，只作表语，不作定语；作定语时，意为“坏的，丑的，恶的”，比较级和做高级为worse，worst

7、。B） Illness 是ill的名词形式；C） Sick作“生病的”讲时，既可作表语（此时相当于ill），又可作定语；sick作表语时还表示“恶心的，呕吐的”。23. huge adj.大的；极多的A） big和large都可以表示具体事物的形体或面积的大，big较口语化。B） Great大的，伟大的，多用于抽象意思。在修饰具体事物时，带有一定的感情色彩。C） Huge巨大的，有very large的意思，往往指体积。Step2 Important sentences1. China has the biggest population in the world. 中国有世界上最多的人口。

8、1）population 人口 修饰人口多少用：large/ big或 small 2) 询问人口多少时用：How large.?/What.?How large is the population of China?/Whats the population of China?It has a population of over 1.3 billion. 3) population 是一个集合名词，视为整体，做主语时用单数形式但主语是表示人口的几分之几的时候谓语动词要用复数形式 4）population 有时可作可数名词，前面加不定冠词。China has a population of

9、about 1.3 billion. 2. Feel free to ask me anything on todays Great Wall tour. 在今天的长城游中，大家尽管问我任何问题，不要拘束。 Feel free 是一个常用的短语，意思是让别人不要拘束，尽管按自己的想法去做某事，常用句式：feel free to doing sth. 3. The main reason was to protect China. 主要的原因是保卫中国。不定式短语在句子中作表语。（另外动词不定式及其短语在句子中可以充当主语，宾语，定语，状语，表语） 4. As far as I know, th

10、ere are no man-made objects as big as this. 据我所知，没有哪个人工工程跟这个一样大。 as far as I know = so far as I know 据我所知 as far as 就.而言；尽.所能 5. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. 喜马拉雅山脉蜿蜒在中国的西南部。 run along 蜿蜒；绵延；走开；沿着.走 southwestern 是形容词，西南方的。 6. Even more serious difficulties include freezing

11、 weather condition and heavy storms. 更严峻的困难包括冰冻的天气条件和大风暴。 difficulty既是可数名词，又可作不可数名词 可数：各种困难、难题、难事 不可数：艰辛、费劲 7.The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. 中国团队在1960年第一次登顶珠峰，而1975年日本的田部井淳子成为第一个成功登顶珠峰的女性。 did so 是用来替代前文中提到过的reach the top.英

12、语中为了避免重复，常用助动词来替代前面提到过的动词，用so来替代前面提到过的事物。 8.This elephant weighs many times more than this panda. 这头大象比那只大熊猫重很多倍。 weigh 是动词 weight 是名词 9. When the babies see the keepers, they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall over. 当小熊猫看见饲养员，他们兴奋的跑过去，有些甚至因撞到他们的同伴而摔倒。 ru

13、n over 跑过去 walk in 撞上某物 fall over 摔倒10. Pandas do not have many babies , maybe only one every two years.The babies often die from illness and do not live very long . 大熊猫没有很多的孩子，也许每两年才一个。小熊猫经常死于疾病，而且活不长。every+一段时间 每隔一段时间die 不及物动词 death 名词 dead 形容词 dying 形容词（濒临死亡的）die of 人体自身原因（疾病，衰老）die from 死于外部原因 （

14、事故，战争，自然灾害）或也指死于不明的疾病。11.Teaching children is one way to help save pandas.教育孩子是帮助拯救大熊猫的一种途径。 动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数。 动词不定式短语，作后置定语。【活学活用】1. 北京有多少人口？ of Beijing?2. Li Na is one of athletes in China. A. popular B. more popular C. the most popular D. most popular3. Today is yesterday. I think you dont need t

15、o wear more clothes. A. colder B .as warm as C. as warmer as D. as warmest as4. 如果你有急事解决的问题，可以随时打电话给我。 If there is anything I can do for you, please .5. I know，the computer can never take the place of the human brain. A. As for B.As long as C. As soon as D.As far as6. China and Japan are both countr

16、ies. A. east B. west C. eastern D. western 7. We solve the problem without . A. difficult B. difficulty C. difficults D. difficulties8. -I went to see a film with my friends last Sunday. What did you do? -I .A. did so B. went so C. saw too D. too did 9. This book looks than that one. A. twice thicke

17、r as B. twice as thicker than C. twice as thick as D. twice thick than10. The children ran laughing and dancing. A. over B. through C. about D. away 11. Many trees after the heavy storm. A. ran over B. fell over C. went over D. walked into 12. The road was too dark .Mary nearly a tree on the roadsid

18、e. A. walked in B. looked into C. took into D. got into 13. Davids father cancer two years ago. A. die of B. die from C. die down D. die on14. is bad for your health. A. Eat too much B. Eat too many C. Too much eat D. Eating too much Step3 Grammar focus1. 对于物体长、宽、高、深度 、面积的表达Eg. 20米长 20 meters long 1

19、0米宽 10 miters wide 15米深 15 meters deep 150平方米 150 square meters2. 形容词与副词的比较级和最高级 一、形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则二、形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的用法1）比较级考点 比较级修饰问题 a little, a bit, even, still, much, a lot, far 等可修饰比较级。 如： Tom is a little taller than Jim. This book is much more interesting than that one. 同级比较 如： The weather i

20、n Beijing is colder than that in Xian. Our school is bigger than yours. the + 比较级 如： Lucy is the fatter of the two girls. “a/an + 比较级”表示“又一，再一” 如：Lily has a doll, but she wantsa bigger one. 隐性比较（没有than的情况） 如： Who runs faster, Lucy or Lily? Youd better come earlier next time. He worked hard last term

21、, but he works even harder this term. 越来越.a. 比较级 + and + 比较级b. the + 比较级 + 句子，the + 比较级 + 句子如： Its getting colder and colder. The more you exercise, the better you are. “比较级+ than any other +单数名词 /（other+ 可数名词复数）如：Beijing is larger than any other city in China. 表示“几倍于”时，用“倍数+比较级+ than”表示。倍数用times 表示

22、 如：Your room is three times bigger than mine.2） 最高级考点说明：形容词的最高级前必须加the; 副词的最高级前省略the。 范围问题如： Tom is the tallest student in the class. Spring is the best season of the year. “.之一”问题如：Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world. “the + 序数词 + 最高级”如：I think he is the second tallest boy in his clas

23、s.比较级和最高级的转换如： Tom is the tallest student in the class. = Tom is taller than any other student in the class. = Tom is taller than all the other students in the class. = No other students are taller than Tom.3） 同级比较 as + adj./adv. + as 如：She is as thin as Lily. He writes as carefully as Linda. not +

24、as/so + adj./adv. + as 如：Tony didnt run so fast as Carter 【活学活用】 1. China has the _ population in the world. A. largest B. most C. fewest D. least 2. London is one of the _ in the world. A. exciting city B. exciting cities C. most exciting city D. most exciting cities 3. The ancient people built the

25、 old bridge _ 1200 BC.A. as high as B. as early as C. as well as D. as tall as 4. There is _ bridge in the old town.A. a 800-meters-long B. an 800-meters-long C. a 800-meter-long D. an 800-meter-long 5. Tom jumped _ than any other boy in his class. A. very far B. more farther C. much farther D. less

26、 farther 6. -How far is the amusement park? - About five kilometers _. A. far B. long C. high D. away7. China is larger than _ in Africa. A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country D. any country8. What a nice watch it is! Yes. Its _ one of all. A. expensive B. more expensive C. th

27、e most expensive D. much more expensive9. -Lets go shopping at the new mall. -Why not online? Its _. A. expensive B. more expensive C. less expensive D. the most expensive10. When he heard a cry for help, he ran out as _ as he could. A. hardly B. quickly C. finally D. slowly11. This place is not big

28、 enough for Lucys birthday party. We should find a _ one. A. big B. small C. bigger D. smaller课文选词填空（一）strong, place, as, do, face, because, thick, include, show, rise,Qomolangma the Most Dangerous Mountain in the World?One of the worlds most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the mos

29、t popular _1_ for this is the Himalayas. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma 2 the highest and is the most famous. It is 8,844.43 meters high and so is very dangerous to climb. 3 clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard. Even more serious

30、difficulties 4 freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. It is also very hard to take in air 5 you get near the top.The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29,1953. The first Chinese team 6 so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from

31、Japan in 1975. Why do so many climbers risk their lives? One of the main reasons is 7 people want to challenge themselves in the 8 of difficulties. The spirit of these climbers 9 us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. It also shows that humans can sometimes be 10 than the forc

32、es of nature.课文选词填空（二）ill, save, much, excite, eat, important, keeper, endanger, show, like,It is 8:30 a.m. at the Chengdu Research Base. Lin Wei and the other panda 1 are preparing the milk for the baby pandas breakfast. At 9:00 a.m., they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry.

33、When the babies see the keepers, they run over with 2 and some of them even walk into their friends and fall over!“Theyre so cute and lovely. I take care of them 3 theyre my own babies. I wash, feed and play with them every day. Theyre very special to me.”Lin Wei loves her job, but it is a difficult

34、 one.Pandas do not have many babies, maybe only one every two years. The babies often die from 4 and do not live very long. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day 5 about 10 kilos of bamboo. Many years ago, there were a lot 6 bamboo forests and pandas in China than there are now. But then human

35、s started to cut down the forests. Scientists say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas 7 in the remaining forests. Another 200 or so live in zoos or research centers in China and other countries.An education program in Chengdu teaches children in cities about pandas and other 8 animals. They send p

36、eople to schools to tell children about the 9 of saving these animals. The children sing songs or make artwork about pandas and other wild animals. Teaching children is one way to help 10 pandas. The Chinese government is also planting more bamboo trees so there will be more forests for pandas to li

37、ve in. We all hope that in the future there will be a lot more pandas than now.【课后练习】一、单拼练习1. There are many t_ on the Great Wall every year.2. The river is about 50 meters w_. We all can swim across it.3. In the world, many animals are e_. We must do something to save them.4. China has the largest

38、p_ in the world.5. Some of the baby pandas only live for a short time because of i_.6. Another reason for fewer and fewer pandas is because people are cutting down f_ so pandas have fewer places to live.7. The money you have to pay doesnt i_ the cost of souvenirs.8. As the founder of Microsoft, Bill

39、 Gates worked very hard and he s_ at last. 9. He will never a_ anything if he doesnt work harder.二、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯（每个单词限用一次）。bad, know, win, example, can, young, be, she, hard, takeBethany Hamilton, from Hawaii, likes surfing very much. She began to surf (冲浪) at the 61 age. At the age of

40、 eight, Bethany took part in her first surf competition and 62 . This started a love for surf competition in her. On October 31, 2003, while she 63 surfing, a big shark(鲨鱼) came over to Bethany suddenly. The shark got her left arm, and hurt her 64 . Luckily, she tried her best and swam back to the l

41、and.Bethany lost over 60% of her blood and was 65 to hospital. The doctors saved her life. The girl was brave and strong-minded. Though she lost her arm, she 66 still surf. Later, Bethany returned to the water. She didnt give up 67 dream of becoming a surfer, but she had to practice 68 than before.

42、The next year, Bethany got the first place in an important surf competition.As time went by, people all over the world began to 69 about Bethany and her story. In 2011, a movie about her was made. She is one many good 70 to teenagers through the story of a brave girl with strong mind and hope.【篇章阅读】

43、 AAn old farmer lived with his grandson. Each morning, the 1 got up early and read his BhagavadGita (薄迦梵歌).One day the grandson asked, Grandpa! I try to read the book like you 2 I cant understand it, and Iforget it easily. Whats the 3 of reading it? The grandfather said, Take this coal (煤炭) basket down to the 4 and bring me back a basket ofwater. The boy did as his