[全]八年级上册英语各单元知识点大归纳.docx

1、八年级上册英语各单元知识点大归纳Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?语法解析不定代词:不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。用法注意:1. some和any +可数名/不可数名。some多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。有些间句中用some,不用any,问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。2.由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时，其谓语动词用第三单3.不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后:如: somehing interesting二、知识点:1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. s

2、th 为某人买某物2. taste + adj. 尝起来.3. nothing .but + V. (原形)除了.外什么都没有4. seem+ (tobe) + adj 看起来5.arrive in+大地方arrive at+小地方到达某地6. decide to do sth.决定做某事7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事9. want to do sth.想去做某事10. start doing sth.开始做某事=begin doing sth.11. stop doing sth. 停止做

3、某事区分: stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. so+ adj+ that +从句 如.以至.16. tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人(不要)做某事17. keep doing sth.继续做某事18. forget to do sth.忘记去做某事forget doing sth忘 记做过某事二、词语辨析:1 take a photo/ take photos 拍照quite a few+名词复数“许多.”2. seeng 形容词看起来-. You seem happy today.to do st

4、h. 似乎、好像做某事I seem to have a coldIt seems +从句似-. It seems that no one believe you.seem like -.好像，似乎. It seems like a good idea, arive in +大地点，= gtto= reach+地点名 “到达.arrive at +小地点(注:若后跟地点副词here/therehome,介词需省略，如: arive here; get home)4. feel like sth/ doing sth.感觉像是.5. wonder“想知道”，+疑问词(who, what, why)

5、引导的从句。because of +名/代/-ingBecause+从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。He cant take a walk because of the rain.1 dont buy the shirt because it was too expensive.7.enough +名词：“足够.”形容词/副词+enoughUnit2 How often do you exercise?语法解析1.频率副词: always, usually, often, sometimes, never频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前，be 动词或助动词之后。常用于一般现在时态2.“次数”

6、的表达方法一次once, 两次 twice,三次或三次以上用基数词+ times, three times,five times3、howoften “多久- -次”问频率，回答常含有频率词组或短语。常见的how疑问词:1) How soo多久(以后)- How soon will he be back?他多久能回来?- He will be back in a month.他一个月后能回来。eg.-How long did it take you to clean the house?你打扫房子用了多久?- -It took me half an hour to clean the hous

7、e.我打扫这房子用了半小时。3) How many+名复How much+不可名“多少”问数量(how much还可问价格)二知识点: .1. go to the movies去看电影2. look after= take care of照顾3. surf the internet.上 网4. healthy ifestyle健康的生活方式5. go skate boarding去划板6. keep healthy=stay healthy保持健康7. eatina habits饮食习惯8. take more exercise做更多的运动9. thesameas与什么相同10. be dfe

8、rtfrom不同11. oncea month一月一次12. twice a week一周两次13.make a dfference to对什么有影响14. most of the students=most student15. shop=qo shopping=do some17. bebadfor对什么有害some shopping购物16.begoodfor对什么有益18. come home from school放学回家19.of course = certainly= sure当然20. get g0 grades取得好成绩21. keepbe in good hea22. ta

9、ke a vacation去度假于成项词语辨析一、maybe/may be1. The baby is crying，_she is hungry.2. The woman _ _a teacher.maybe是副词，意为“大概，可能， 或许”，一般用于句首。 May be是情态动词，意为可能是.，也许是.，.大概是.3.a few/few/a little /little_people can live to 100,but_people can live to 150.There is_time left, I dont catch the first bus.Could you give

10、 me_milk?a few少数的，几个，a little(点儿少量)表示肯定few很少的， 几乎没有little (很少的， 几乎没有）表示否定hard / hardly The ground is too_ to dig .I can understand them. hard作形容词，意为困难的，艰苦的，硬的: 作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地。Hardly意为几乎不。4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .as for. 意思是“至于:关于， +名词、代词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)。As for him, I

11、 never want to see him here.至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。As for the story, youd better not believeit.关于那故事，你最好不要相信。5.That sounds interesting.这是主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound (听起来)，loo (看起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste (尝起来)，feel (觉得)，seem (好象)，grow (变得) ,get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如:It tastes good.这味道好。The music sounds very swee

12、t.这音乐听起来很入耳。The smoke grew heavier and heavier.烟雾变得越来越浓了。2. Be about (介词)“是关.+名/代/V-ing4.Here be is+名单:Here is a photo of my family.“这是.”are +名复:Here are some books.5.find(found)+that 从句:发现.Eg:! found that most students go to school by bike.6.percent 名词， 百分之.百分数用基数+ perent (不用复数形式), percent 做主语时，谓语动

13、词的数要根据其后面的名词来确定e.g. 50% fifty percent百分之五 十Fifly percent of the apples are bad.50%的苹果都坏了。Twenty percent of the meat is in the fridge.20%的肉都在冰箱7.not .at all 一点也不”not应放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后。The story isnt interesting at all.那个故事一 点也没有趣。8. It is+ adj. to do sth.干某事是.例如:It is interesting to play computer gam

14、es.玩电脑很有趣。9.the best way to do _sth. 做某事的最好方式e.g. The best way to learmn English is through more practice10. take, spend, payIt takes sb.sometime to do sth.“花费某人多少时间来做某事。人(sb.) spend时间钱on sth.“买某物花了.钱”。(in) doing“花 费多少时间来做某事”。pay 的主语必须是人，而“花钱买某物”为pay . for11.however副词，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折关系，可放在句首、句中、句末Uni

15、t3 Im more outgoing than my sister.语法解析形容词比较级1.形容词的原形就是原级，2.比较级，表示.最高级，表示最.2.比较句型:A+be动词+形容词的比较级+than +B“A比B . (注意: A与B必须是同级的，即必须是人与人，物与物进行对比)副词比较级常用的句型结构:.“A+实意动词+副词比较级+ than + B”表示“A比B.2.比较A，B两人两事物问其中哪- - 个较.时用句型;“Who/which +谓语动词+ adj./adv.比较级，Aor B ?”Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?特殊用法1.“比较级+and+比

16、较级”，意为“越来越”。多音节比较级用more and more+原级2.“the+比较级(.). the+比较级(.)意思是:”越.越.The more, the better.3.主isthe 形比+of the two+名复“ 主语是两者中.”4.两者在某一方面相同: A+谓语动词+as+ adj/adv.原级+ as+ B.Helen is as tall as Amy.Peter studies as hard as Tom.表示两者在某一方面不及另 -方时，用“not as/so+形容词或副词原级+asEg. I am not as tall as my sister.形容词，副词

17、比较级前的修饰语。当需要表示一方超过另 一方的程度时，可以用much, a lot, a lttle, a bit,等来修饰形容词比较级。注意:比较级不能用very, so, too, quite等修饰。二、知识点1.have fun=Have a good time玩得开心have fun doing sth :做某事很开心2. do the same things as me.(翻译)_the same .as. 与相同3. A good fried is good at sports. (翻译) be good at.擅长 ,其后可接名词、代词或动名词。同义词组: do well inH

18、e_English.(他擅长英语)Im_basketall.(我擅长打篮球)4. care about关心care for关爱take care (当/小心)take care of (照顾)=look after5.makes me laugh.make sb. do sth.意为:让某人做某事His father always makes him get up before five o clock.(他父亲总是让他五点前起床)让(使)某人做某事(make 后跟不带to的不定式)make sb. +形容词:使某人保持某种状态:e.g. My friends always make me h

19、appy6.be like就像.I am like your sister.Look like“外貌 上的像”l look like my sister.7.Thats why+句子:那就.的原因/那就是为什么.8.Its+形+ (for sb.) to do sth. “做某事 (对某人来说)是. ”9. make frends with sb.与某人交朋友10. as long as只要: 既然，引导条件状语从句11. be different from与.不同;反: be the same as与. 相国12.though adv:不过: 可是:然而(句末补充说明使语气减弱)conj.虽

20、然;尽管: -although 与but不能同时用在一个句子中eg :He said he would come, he didnt, though.他说他要来， 可是并没有来。Though/Although he has been dead for many years, many people still remember him.尽管他已经去世很多年了，但很多人仍然记得他13.get better grades取得更好的成绩14.does(助动词do/did), 为了避免重复，可代替上文出现过的实意动词。I work harder than Tom_ (is/do/does/did).1

21、5.be good with sb.与某人相处得好Unit4 Whats the best movie theater?语法解析1)形容词最高级:用于三 者或三者以上的人或事物相比较。2)标志词:表比较范围时用in/of形容词最高级前须加定冠词the.副词最高级前可省略the。表示“三者(或三者以上)中.的的句型1.A+ be+ the形容词最较级+表示范围(in/of 介词短语)2.A+实意动词+ (the)副词最高级+表示范围的of/in介词短语常用句式:1) Who/ Which.+最高级., B or C?2) one of +the +形容词最高级+名词复数形式，意为“最.之一”。3

22、)序数词后跟形容词最高级二、知识点.1、in town 在镇上2、welcome to+地名:欢迎 来到.3、How do you like +名/代/ving“你认为.怎么样?”=What do you think of4、Thanks for=Thank you for +名/代V-ing:为感谢.5.不客气:No problem= You re welcome =Not at all.6.talent n.天赋talent show才艺表演talented adj.有天赋的be talented in在方面有天赋7. be good at擅长.(= do well in)反义短语: be

23、 poor/ weak in在. 方面弱;be good for .益”， 后跟人或事物，其反义短语是be bad for.be good to .好(和善; 慈爱)， 相当于be friendly to,后面通常接人8. have . in common有相同特征; (想法、兴趣等方面)相同9. all kinds of各种类型的;各种各样的different kinds of不同种类的a kind of一种.*kind of+ 形容词:有点儿kind of boring / fat /thin10. Its up to sb. to do sth.做某事是某人的职责11. make up编

24、造(故事、谎言等)Dont make up a story.12. take . seriously认真对待.Dont take it so seriously.别把这件 事看得这么严重。13. play a role in doing sth.“在. 中发挥作用/扮演角色”14. win动-won:贏得+奖 品winner名:贏者15. givegave(过)give sb. sth= give sth. tosb.给某人某物He gave me some money.= He gave some money to me.16.watch sb. do sth.观看某人做了某事.watch

25、sb.doing sth.观看某人正在做某事17.举例: like: 可和such as互换.such as:常列举几个例子，不能穷尽，可和and so on(等等)连用for example:一般只列举一个，作插入语用逗号隔开，可置于句首/向中向末;e.g.l like fruits,apples. for example，apples, bananas and pears.Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?语法解析1.询问某人对某物的观点及看法:What do you think of .=How do you like.2.描述喜好I lov

26、e/ like/ dont mind/dislike/cant stand. .复习巩固一般现在时态:主语+V+其他;主语 (三单) +V(三单)+（其他)知识点want+n想.want to do sth想 要做某事want sb to do sth想让某人干某.2.mind: 介意;其后+名词/代词/V-ing4.stand1)“站, 站立”e.g. Stand up!起 立2)“忍受”(多用于否定句、疑问句),后可+名/代或V-ing5.planvt. & vi计划,打算plan to do sth.plan还可作名词，如: make plans制定计划6.动词discuss (讨论)

27、+ iondiscussionhad a discussion about sth.7. happenv.发生;出现sth+ happens to sb.或“Sth happened +时间/地点句式8.情态动词: may:语气弱于can，意为“可能”might 表推测，语气最弱，意为“可能”may/might not表示否定推测时语气最弱，意为“可能不”They may not be very exciting.她们可能不是那么令人兴奋9.expect to do sth.期盼做某事hope to do sth.希望干某事很多动词后面都可以跟动词不定式作宾语，如:want, like, ho

28、pe, wish, learn, start, begin, prefer, try, ask10.be famous as +职业名“作为.而出名”，be famous for sth.表示“以某种知识技能，作品或特征而出名”，11.one of .后跟可数名词复数，表示.之一。其后的谓语动词用 单数。e.g. One of my favorite movies is Mr. Bean.我最喜欢的电影之-是憨豆先生。12.always ready to do sh,“总是准备好做某事13.try ones best“尽力;竭尽全力”的意思14.show名词: “节目”:TV shows/ t

29、alent shows动:“展示”show sth. to sb.= show sb. sth.15.take ones place代替;替换16. do a good job干得好Unit6 Im going to study computer science.语法解析1.将来时用于表示未来将做的事，常用be + going to+动词原形”来表达，表示计划或根据某些现象或征兆预测不久即将发生的情。含有“打算之意。常与tomorrow, next Sunday, next month, thed ay after tomorrow等表示将来的时间状语连用。1).结构“ 主语+ beisam/

30、are) going to + do sth2).否定式:主语+ be not+ going to do sth.二、知识点1. want to be/become + (职业)名词: “想要成为.l want to be (be) a scientist when I grow up.2.write stories写故事tell stories讲故事3. keep on doing sth继续做某事(表动作的反复)keeping doing sth.保持做某事(表动作或状态的持续)4:be sure about +名/代V-ing肯定- Are you sure about that?mak

31、e sure (a).确保Make sure that both doors are closed when you go out5. leanr sth.We must learn English every day.6.discuss v. 讨论；商量名词是dscussiondiscuss with sb.与某人讨论:Discuss this question with your partner.Lets discuss this problem.让我们讨论一 下这 个问题。All we need now is action, not dscussion.我们现在需要的是行动， 不是讨论。

32、7. be able to do sth能够做某事区分(1) can: can+动词原形，无人称和数的变化。只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时，不能用于将来时be ableto +动原， 有人称和数的变化。 (be:isam/are) 可用于多种时态(2) can常指客观上能够: be able to更侧重于“克服一定困难” 、“经过努力” 、“有能力”做成某事。He will be able to(能够) speak English next year. (在此不能填can)8. promise n. 承诺:诺言v.许诺:承诺:答应make a promise(to sb.)(对某人)许下诺言k

33、eep a promise遵守诺言break a promise违背诺言promise sb to do sth. 许诺某人干某事+that从句He promised to help me.他许诺过要帮助我。I promised that I study hard from now on.我承诺从现在起努力学习。9.have to do with 关于；有关系The book has to do with computers.那本书与计算机有关。10.take up sth. (尤指为消遣)学着做;开始做l am going to take up coking nex year.明年我将要学煮饭。11.Sometimes the resolutions may be too dfficult to keep.too+形容词/副词 to+动原，表示太.而不能.”如: .The kid is too young to play (play) this game.这个小孩太小，不能玩这个游戏。12. ones own+名“某人自己的东西” ，强调某物为个人所有My own book我自己的书本