人教版八年级上册unit5-知识点及练习.docx

1、一、单词sitcom stkm n.情景喜剧 (= situation comedy)news njuz n.新闻；消息soap sp n.肥皂；肥皂剧mind 介意；对（某事）烦恼stand stnd v.站立；忍受educational edukenl adj.教育的；有教育意义的plan pln n.计划；方法v.打算；计划hope hp .希望；期望；盼望n.希望discussion dskn n.讨论；谈论happen hpn vi.发生；碰巧；出现；偶遇expect kspekt v.预期；期待；盼望joke dk n.笑话；玩笑v.说笑话；开玩笑comedy kmdi n.喜剧；

2、滑稽；幽默事件find out查明、弄清meaningless minls adj.无意义的；不重要的action kn n.行为；活动action movie动作片cartoon ktun n.卡通；漫画culture klt(r) n.栽培；文化；教养famous fems adj.著名的；有名的appear p(r) vi.出现；出版；显得become bkm v.变成；成为rich rt adj.富有的；富饶的；丰富的successful sksesfl adj.成功的；圆满的might mat aux.可能；也许；may的过去式main men adj.主要的；最重要的reason

3、rizn n.原因；理由common普通的；常见的film flm n.电影unlucky nlki adj.倒霉的；不幸的；不吉利的lose luz vt.丢失；失败vi.失败girlfriend 女朋友ready redi adj.准备好的；乐意的be ready to愿意迅速做某事character krkt(r) n.个性；品质；人物；simple smpl adj.简单的；朴素的；单纯的；笨的dress up装扮；乔装打扮take sb.s place代替；替换army mi n.军队；陆军；一大批do a good job工作干得好；做得好 重点单词1 educational ad

4、j. 教育的；有教育意义的education (教育) + al educational; 多音节形容词，其比较级及最高级形式在其前加more，most构成。如. I think this movie is the most educational. 我认为这部电影最有教育意义。2 plan n. 打算; 计划如Whats your trip plan? 你们的旅行计划是什么？plan v. 打算; 计划plan to do sth. 计划/打算做某事如 We plan to have a birthday party for Mary. 我们打算为玛丽举办一个生日聚会。根据汉语意思完成英语句

5、子。1) 我们必须为这次运动会做计划。We must _ this sports meeting.2) 你打算去农场吗？Do you _ to the farm?3 discussion n. 讨论; 商量动词 discuss (讨论) + ion discussion如 Lets discuss who is the best performer. 让我们讨论一下谁是最好的表演者。 Did you have a discussion about the food and drinks? 他们讨论过食物和饮料的事了吗？4 stand v. 忍受; 站立如 Look! Who is standi

6、ng under the tree? 看，谁在树下站着？stand “忍受”，后面可跟代词、名词(短语)或动词-ing形式，作此意讲时，常用于疑问句或否定句中。如. How can you stand him? 你怎么能忍受得了他？ My father cant stand action movies. 我爸爸受不了动作电影。5 happen v. 发生; 出现 不及物动词，后面不能跟宾语，常用 “事情/事物 + happen +（状语）”句式。如 The story happened in 2007. 故事发生在2007年。6. may model v. 也许; 可以; 可能 “may +

7、动词原形”一起构成句子的谓语。如 You may go by bike or take the subway. 你们可以骑自行车去或乘地铁去。might model v. 可能; 可以情态动词may的过去式，语气更弱。如. The old man might be 70 years old. 那位老人可能有70岁了。7 expect v. 预料; 期待 expect to do sth. 期盼做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 如Jack expects to visit his grandparents this weekend. 杰克期望周末去看望他的祖父母

8、。8 joke n. 笑话; 玩笑tell jokes 讲笑话play jokes on sb. =play a joke on sb.与某人开玩笑9 meaningless adj. 毫无意义的; 意思不明确的名词meaning (意思) + 后缀less (无, 没有) meaningless, 是个多音节形容词。如 My dad doesnt like soap operas. He thinks theyre meaningless. 我爸爸不喜欢肥皂剧，他认为它们没有意义。10 famous adj. 著名的; 出名的如. Jacky Cheung is a famous singe

9、r. 张学友是一位著名的歌手。be famous for意为“因为而出名”。当主语是人时，常表示某人以某一技能或特点而出名；当主语是地点名词时，常表示某地以某一名胜古迹或特产而出名。如： The writer is famous for her novels.Beijingis famous for the Great Wall.be famous as意为“作为而出名”。当主语是人时，常表示某人以某一身份、职业等出名；当主语是地点名词时，常表示某地作为某一特产产地而出名。如：Her mother is famous as a singer.My hometown is famous as a

10、 green tea producing place.【运用】 根据句意选用be famous for或be famous as填空。 1) My father _ a writer. 2)France_ its fine food and wine.二 短语Section Agame show (电视)竞赛节目 talk show脱口秀 learn . from .从学习 soap opera肥皂剧 soccer game足球比赛 sports show体育节目in class在课堂上talent show才艺表演 find out查明；弄清 around the world全世界have

11、a discussion about .就进行讨论 I dont mind them.我不介意它们。I cant stand them.我无法忍受它们。Section Baction movie 动作影片 come out 出版 scary movie 恐怖电影 think of 想到；想起cartoon with sound and music 带有配音和音乐的卡通片 in the 1930s 在20世纪30年代one of the main reasons主要原因之一 face any danger 面对任何危险be always ready to do sth. 总是准备好做某事；总是乐

12、意/愿意做某事 try ones best 尽力 do a good job 干得好 a symbol of . 的标志 as famous as . 像一样著名dress up 装扮；乔装打扮 such as 例如 take sb.s place 代替；替换 be like 像fight in the army 从军打仗 play sb.s role 扮演某人的角色三 句型1 What do / does sb. think of talk show?与How do / does sb. like .?同义，用来询问对某事物或某人的观点或看法，意为“某人认为怎么样？”；回答时可用love,

13、like, not mind, not like, not stand等来表达对某事物或某人的好恶程度。如 What do you think of soap operas? = How do you like soap operas?I dont mind them. 根据括号内的要求完成题。1) What does Linda think of your new friend? (改为同义句) _ Linda _ your new friend?2) Dale doesnt mind soap operas. (对划线部分提问)_ Dale _ soap operas?2 Because

14、I hope to find out whats going on around the world.hope n. 希望如 Dont lose your hope! 不要灰心！hope v. 希望hope to do sth. 希望做某事 (能实现的理想)hope + that从句，其中that可以省略 如 They hope to take the plane to Beijing next year. 他们希望明年乘飞机去北京。find out 查明; 弄清 (指通过调查、研究等方式查明事情的真相)find 意为“找到；发现”，强调动作的结果。如 Did they find out wh

15、ere the old man lived? 他们查明那位老人住在哪里了吗？Mr. Li found his lost keys in the library. 李老师在图书馆里找到了他丢失的钥匙。3 he first appeared in the cartoon Steamboat Willie.appear v. 出现如 A bus appeared around the corner. 一辆公共汽车出现在拐角处。appear加前缀dis-构成其反义词disappear，意为“消失”。 类似以dis-为否定前缀的词还有disagree（不同意）和dislike（不喜欢）等。 【运用】请将

16、下列汉语句子翻译为英语。1) 当那个演员出现的时候, 我们都站起来鼓掌。2) 好像我的钱包不见了。4. He became very rich and successful.become v. 开始变得; 变成 连系动词，后常跟形容词或名词作表语。其过去式为特殊变化形式became。如 It became really hot in the afternoon. 下午天气变得很炎热。 rich adj. 富有的successful adj. 获得成功的；有成就的名词 success + ful successful在句中可作表语、定语。 在英语中一些名词加后缀-ful可变为形容词，如：beau

17、tiful(美丽的)，careful(仔细的)，helpful(有帮助的)等。 e.g. He is a successful basketball player. 他是一名成功的篮球运动员。【运用】 根据句意用success的适当形式填空。 1) We all think the movie is a _. 2) Mary thinks that the man is a _ actor.5. One of the main reasons is that Mickey was like a common manmain adj. 主要的；最重要的如 Whos the main charac

18、ter in the film? 这部电影的主角是谁？reason n. 原因; 理由如 What is the reason for it? 此事的原因是什么？common adj. 普通的；常见的如 Jack is acommonman. 杰克是个很普通的人。 6. Mickey was unlucky and had many problems such as losing his house or girlfriend, Minnie.unlucky adj. 不幸的; 不吉利的前缀(un) + lucky (幸运的) unlucky 例如：unhappy 不高兴的如. Shes un

19、lucky she never wins a game. 她运气不好从未赢过一场比赛。lose v. 失去；丢失 它的过去式和过去分词均为lost。lose后面既可以跟失去的事物，也可以跟输掉的比赛等。 如 I lost my keys. 我的钥匙丢了。 I hope we wont lose the basketball match tomorrow. 我希望我们明天篮球比赛不要输。 7. However, he was always ready to try his best. 然而, 他总是准备好去尽其所能。此句中的always表示一种长期的行为,和形容词ready连用, 构成短语alw

20、ays ready to do sth., 表示“总是准备好做某事; 随时随地可以从事某事”。如 She was always ready to listen to my problem. 她总是随时随地倾听我的烦恼。英语中try ones best 是一种固定表达方式, 表示“尽力; 竭尽全力”的意思。如 He didnt try his best in the game, Im afraid. 我恐怕他在比赛中没有竭尽全力。 8. Todays cartoons are usually not so simple as little Mickey Mouse, but everyone s

21、till knows and loves him. 此句中 not soas 结构表示“不像 那样; 不如这么”。如 It wasnt so good as last time.这次不如上次好。Its not so easy as youd think.这不像你想的那么容易。1. 这本故事书不如那本有趣。 This storybook _ _ interesting _ that one.2.我们尽全力安慰那个女孩。 We _ _ _ to comfort that girl.3.这本书何时出版？ When will the book _ _?4.我看他面熟，但想不起在哪儿见过他。 I kno

22、w his face, but cant _ _ where Ive met him.5.露西很友好而且总是乐于助人。 Lucy is very friendly and she _ _ _ _ help others.四 语法精讲-不定式不定式有两种形式：一种是带to的不定式，即to + 动词原形；一种是不带to的不定式，即动词原形。不定式(短语)在句中不能单独用作谓语，但可以用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。在本单元我们主要学习带to的不定式(短语)作宾语的用法。这里的to 只是个语法符号，没有词义。其否定形式为 not + to+ 动词原形。例：He wanted to sit dow

23、n. 他想坐下。（带to 的不定式）Let him sit down. 让他坐下。（不带to 的不定式）1 带to 的不定式带to的不定式(短语)在句中可作宾语。如：Tina hopes to arrive at about 4 p.m.Peter expects to travel to Hong Kong.目前学过的可跟带to的不定式（短语）作宾语的动词有like, love, want, hope, wish, expect, decide, try, plan, forget, remember, start, help, need, learn, seem等。注意：help可接带to

24、的不定式或不带to的不定式作宾语，其意思不变。带to的不定式和what, which, who, where, when, how等疑问词连用，在句中起名词的作用，也可以作宾语。如：I know how to make cakes.Bob doesnt know where to go tomorrow.2 不带 to 的不定式结构做宾语1）would rather，had better 后,注意:had better 的否定形式是 had better not do sth.。如 I would rather stay at home.Its cold outside. Youd bette

25、r not go out.2）Why. / why not.后如 Why not have a good rest on Sunday?3）使役动词 let,have,make 等后接不定式。如 I made them give me the money back.4）感官动词 see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, smell,feel, find 等后作宾补。如 I saw him dance.注意：这些情况在被动句中可千万不可省 to 【运用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。1. 我弟弟昨天学游泳了。My brother _ _ _ yesterd

26、ay.2. 她父母打算一周锻炼五次。Her parents _ _ _ five times a week.3. 那个小男孩想买一个新玩具。The little boy _ _ _ a new toy.选择 1. They decided _ a bridge over the river. A. build B. to build C. building2. Dont forget _ it to me when you finish reading the book. A. to bring B. bringing C. bring3. So beautiful flowers! I ca

27、nt decide _ for my mom. For Mothers Day, it cant be better to take some carnations (康乃馨). A. when to choose B. which to choose C. how to choose4. Wow, Wendy, its cool to make a short video with your mobile phone. Just with a software (软件) called Meipai. Let me show you _. A. which to use B. how to use it C. what to use D. where to use it