北师大版-小学英语-单词汇总-语法及习题汇总(DOC 20页).doc

1、小学英语北师大版词汇分类汇总Questions疑问词:what什么、who谁、whose谁的、where在哪里、which哪一个、why为什么、when什么时候、how怎样、howold多大、howmany多少、howmuch多少钱、whatclass哪个班、whatgrade哪个年级、whatrow哪排、whatcolour什么颜色、whatday星期几Persons人称:I我，you你，he他，she她，it它，we我们，they他们，my我的，your你的；你们的，his他的，her她的，its它的，our我们的，their他们Be动词：am、is、arewaswere有：has、hav

2、e、thereis(are)hasgothavegotColors颜色:blue蓝、yellow黄、red红、green绿、brown棕、purple紫、orange橙、pink粉、black黑white白gray灰Animals动物:animalbird、catdog、duck、fish、horse、monkey、panda、sheep、tigerpigfishant、frogmouse、lion、rabbit、foxgoat、snake、cow、bear、bee、giraffe、turtle、butterfly、deer、zebra、whale.、rat、rooster、shark、kan

3、garoo、crocodile、elephantNumbers数字:基数词：one、two、three、four、five、six、seven、eight、nine、ten、eleven、twelve、thirteen、fourteen、fifteen、sixteen、seventeen、eighteen、nineteen、twenty、thirty、forty、fifty、sixty、seventy、eighty、ninety、forty-five、onehundred序数词：first、second、third、fourth、fifth、sixth,seventh、eighth、ninth

4、、tenthClothes服装:clothescoat、apdress、pantsshirt、T-shirt、sweater、socks、shoes、shortsjacket、skirt、jeans、vest、trousers、hat、Foodanddrink饮食:cake、chicken、candyegg、foodicecreamjuicemilk、noodlesrice、soup、tea、water、bar、corncookiesFrenchfries、honey、hamburger、hotdog、jam、pizza、pie、sandwich、salad、Fruit水果:apple、ban

5、ana,juicepear、peachorangewatermelon、lemon、pineapple、grape、strawberry、cherryFamilymembers家庭成员:grandfather、grandmother、father、mother、brother、sister、aunt、uncle、friendparents、cousin、dad(daddy)daughter、son、Actions动作:am/iswas、arewereaskbeginbring(brought)buycallcleanclimbclosecome(came)cookcrydancedo(did)

6、draw(drew)drink(drank)eatfind(found)fly(flew)get(got)give(gave)go(went)feel(felt)hurtknow(knew)lookloveletlikelistenlivehelphear(heard)have(had)hurtmake(made)meet(met)openpleaseplayputreadrainride(rode)run(ran)studysit(sat)sing(sang)say(said)sleep(slept)speak(spoke)snowstandstopstudyswim(swam)talkte

7、ll(told)take(took)traveltryturnthink(thought)usevisitworkwriteworrywear(wore)walkwantwatchwashwaitspend(spent)showlitter、happenleave(left)touchmovekeep(kept)welcome、coughlearn(learnt)stayknock、hurtlose(lost)passcatch、carry、skateteach(taught)collectpaintsell(sold)closehit-hit、sitsatSubjects科目:subject

8、Chinese、math、music、P.E.、English、art、sciencePlacesandrooms地点与房间:placebedhouse、classroombedroom、homehousekitchenroomschoolmuseumhospitalpark、shoplibrarytoilet、supermarket、cinemalakefarmplaygroundriverbathroomwashroom、livingroomstudytheater、trainstation、busstop、postoffice、policestation、swimmingpool、ban

9、k、town、zoo、firestation、amusementpark、restaurant、playground、store、office、gate、road、flower、buildingSchoolthings学校物品:blackboardchaircomputerdesk、pen、pencil、bag、bookeraser、ruler、mapsharpener、ink、page、Weather天气:weatherfine、sunny、cloudy、rainy、snowy、windy、cloud、rain、snow、wind、hot、cold、warm、cool、stormForbid

10、den禁止:Dontwalk.、Dontlitter.、Dontrun.、Donttouch.、Noswimming.、Noparking.、Nofood.、Nosmoking.、Nocameras.、Nobikes.、Body身体:eye,ear,head,hand,heart,hair,nose,mouth,arm,leg,foot,facestomachtonguechestshoulderfingerVegetables蔬菜:vegetablepotato、tomato、eggplant、carrot、cabbage、bean、onion、cucumber、mushroom、Adjec

11、tives形容词:badbeautifulbigbusycheapcoldcleverdeardifficultdirtyeasyeveryfarfastgreatfavoritegoodhealthykndhungryhappyhotheavyhighillinterestinglongleftlittlemanynewnearnicenextoldright、sadslowstrongshortthintallwarmwonderfulwrongyoungfatfunny、funlargestrong、kind、thirsty、smart、quiet、sweet、sour、fresh、he

12、ight、weight、afraid、sick、hungry、cheapexpensive、large、medium、early、hurry、broken、hurt、better、bestshortshortershortest、longlongerlongest、smallsmallersmallest、bigbiggerbiggest、talltallertallest、oldolderoldest、youngyoungeryoungest、fatfatterfattest 星期：Monday、Tuesday、Wednesday、Thursday、Friday、Saturday、Sunda

13、y、 时间：day、week、month、year、dateweekend、night、lastnight、oftennowalways、usually、never、January、February、March、April、May、June、July、August、September、October、November、December、birthday、holiday、a.m、p.m morning、afternoon、eveningsometimesyesterday、today、tomorrow、now、 四季：season、spring、summer、autumn、winter、 三餐：

14、breakfast、lunch、dinnerspace太空:sky、air、sun、moon、starearth、mars、planet、spaceship、spacesuit、astronaut、Toys玩具:balloon、doll、gift、teddybear、toytrain、robotFurniture家具:bed、table、chair、radio、fansofa、televisionlightBalls球类:football、basketball、baseball、volleyball、tennisTransportation交通工具:bike、bus、boatcar、plane

15、、shiptaxi、train、jeep、boat、vanOtherthings其他东西:bookboyboxcityclassclockchild(children)door、e-mailexerciseflowerfriendfloorgirlgrassgameholidaykitetimewomanmoneypeoplesportstorypicturepartyphotopupilweekweekendwordman(men)minutestudenttoytreestreetmonthwallwindowCD、kite、key、lock、magazine、newspaper、comi

16、c、watch、umbrella、purse、violin、waterfall、x-ray、queen、net、nest、cent、ticket、picture、ladder、fire、hammer、camera、glassesCountries国家:China.American、Britain、Canada、Japan.England.Profession职业:doctor、driver、farmer、nurse、singer、teacher、student、worker、policeman、vet、dancer、Preposition介词:on、in、under、nextto、behind

17、、infrontof、between、near、with、besidedownat、by(乘交通工具)、after、into、right、left、faraway?Pronouns代词：this、that、those、these?身体部位：head、hand、hair、ear、eye、nose、mouth、arm、短语必背（能够看懂短语知道意思和相应的图片搭配）carrytheboxclimbthetreeclimbthemountaincleanthefloorcleanthehouseclosethedoorcollectstampsdohomeworkhave/eatbreakfastd

18、rawpictureseatluncheatdinnerflyakitegoshoppinggoswimminggofishinggohomegotoworkgotoschoolgotoaconcertgotothelibrarygotobedgotothesciencemuseumgetuphaveapartyhaveEnglishhaveapicnichaveaconcerthaveclasshaveafootballmatchlistentomusiclistentoradiomakenoisemakeacakereadabookrideabikeridehorsereadnewspap

19、ersseeamovieturndownturnoffturnleftturnrightplayfootballplaybasketballplaytennisplaybadmintonplayvolleyballplaychessplaythepianoplaytheguitarplaythedrumsplaytheviolinplaythefluteplaywithfriendsplaycardsplaycomputergamessitdownseeamovie(film)seeadoctorskipropevisitfriendswatchTVtakesomephotos(picture

20、s)turnrightturnlefttakethemedicinewatchafootballmatchwritealetterwalktoschoolwatertheflowerswashclotheswashdishesabottleofapairofacupofaglassofabowlof小学英语语法及习题一、名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，

21、变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I_him_this_her_watch_chi

22、ld_photo_diary_day_foot_book_dress_tooth_sheep_box_strawberry_thief_yo-yo_peach_sandwich_man_woman_paper_?juice_water_milk_rice_tea_二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No.1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1

23、.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1.be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,Imnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化

24、。否定句：主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idontlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：Hedoesntoftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?动词+s的变化规则1一般情

25、况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink_go_stay_make_look_have_pass_?carry_come_?watch_plant_fly_study_brush_do_?teach_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften_(have)dinnerathome.2.Da

26、nielandTommy_(be)inClassOne.3.We_(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5._they_(like)theWorldCup?6.What_theyoften_(do)onSaturdays?7._yourparents_(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI_(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There_(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.M

27、ike_(like)cooking.12.They_(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_(be)ill.Imstayinginbed.16.She_(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.?Whatd

28、ay_(be)ittoday?ItsSaturday.三、按照要求改写句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)_2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)_6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)_7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)

29、_8.JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)_9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否定句)_五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.Is?yourbrotherspeakEnglish?_2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?_3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.?_4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.?_5.ShedontdoherhomeworkonSundays._三、现在进行时1现在进行时表

30、示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：?疑问词+be+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,s

31、top-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_run_swim_make_go_like_?write_ski_read_have_sing?_dance_put_see_buy_love_live_take_come_?get_stop_sit_begin_shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy_(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_(cook)somenicefood?now.4.What_you_(do)now?5.Look.They

32、_(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They_(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls_(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_(listen)tomusic.?9.Its?5?oclocknow.We_(have)suppernow10._Helen_(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换：1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一

33、般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_3Implayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)_4Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(对划线部分进行提问)四、将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：begoingto+do；will+do.三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如：Imgo

34、ingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.Imnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.?问人。Who例如：ImgoingtoNew Yorksoon.WhosgoingtoNew Yorksoon.2.?问干什么。Whatdo.例如：Myf

35、atherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethis?afternoon.Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.3.?问什么时候。When.例如：Shesgoingtogotobedatnine.Whenisshegoing?tobed?六、同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习：填空。1.?我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I_haveapicnicwithmyf

36、riends.2.?下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What_nextMonday?I_playbasketball.What_youdonextMonday?I_playbasketball.3.?你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_yourmother_goshoppingthis_?Yes,she_.She_buysomefruit.4.?你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime_you_meet?改句子。5.?Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy_goingtogocamping.6.?Illgoandjointhem.（改否定）I_go

37、_jointhem.7.?Imgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_togetupat6:30tomorrow?8.?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑问句）_meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.?Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（对划线部分提问）_she_afterschool?10.?Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)_goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomor

38、row全身心记忆法根据测试，参与记忆单词的器官和身体部位越多，单词在大脑中的印象就越深刻，记忆的时间也就越长。边读边写边记，除读记所使用的发音器官和身体的其它部位外，大脑中枢还要指挥大臂带动小臂，小臂带动手掌，手掌带动手指，从而正确地书写单词。这种方法避免了小和尚念经，因为只要注意力不集中，书写马上就出错。书写既是大脑中枢的执行行为，又是大脑中枢的监察器。联系记忆法联系记忆法就是在记忆单词的过程中，不去孤立地记一个词或词组，而是把它与同义词、反义词、相关词、句、篇等联系起来记忆。同义记忆与近义记忆掌握一个词或词组的同义词和近义词或者其解释是掌握该语言重要的一环。只有这样，才能初步做到用英语进行

39、思维，而用英语思维是掌握英语的一个标志。同类记忆与比较记忆同类记忆的涵盖面很广，如词性同类、动物同类、植物同类、事情同类、物品同类等。如我们可以把边际从属连词放在一起记忆。比较记忆是把词形相近或意义相近的词放在一起对比记忆。这样记忆可以辨别词义，准确使用词汇。联想记忆联想是钓钩，在茫茫的艺海中，它能准确地钩住你所识记的事物。联想越丰富，越多彩，记忆的艺术也就越高超。记忆以联想为基础；联想又是记忆的一种方法。联想又分为类似联想、类别联想和词、句、篇联想。无意识记忆法无意识记忆并不是无注意力记忆，而是时间分散记忆。这种方法特别适合于工作忙碌的人。首先准备一个袖珍笔记本，将要记忆的单词写在笔记本上。

40、只要有时间就拿出来读读。这些单词见多了对你就会产生感情，你一定能记住，因为每读记一遍，就在你的大脑中加深一层印象。这样记忆的单词可长久不忘，并能随时想起，是一种很好的长时记忆法。构词记忆法利用英语词汇的构词规律，内在结构记忆单词是一种理性地使自己词汇量膨胀起来的方法。英语单词是由词素构成的，词素分为自由词素和粘附词素。记忆单词主要是记自由词素，因为有些自由词素可以充当词根，词根加词缀构成许多派生词。构词法主要有三种：转化、合成和派生。小学英语语法练习题一选择适当的人称代词填空。1._(He/I)ismyfather.2._(She/They)areTomsgrandparents.3._(We/I)amJimsnewfriend.4.Lookatthatwhitedog._(They/It)ismybrothers.5.Whereare_(you/hefrom?6.Doyoulikecollectingstamps?Yes,_(you/we)do.7._(He/I)amastudentatHeyang Primary School.8._(You/They)aremybrothersEnglishteacher.二、用人称代词的主格和宾格填空。1.Dontpassitto_(他).2._(她)iswatchingar