初一年英语下学期总复习(DOC 16页).doc

1、 初一年英语下学期总复习一、时态：1.一般现在时态指反复发生的动作或状态。一般现在时态的时间状语：often , usually , sometimes , every day , on Sundays V (动词原形)结构: Vs (动词第三人称单数) 动词第三人称单数有三种形式:1.一般情况加s 例如: visit , stand ,wait , improve2. 以“o,s , x , ch , sh”结尾的加es 例如: do ,go ,watch ,teach , wash, pass3. 以辅音字母y 结尾的,把y改成i,再加es例如: study , cry ,carry 但如

2、以元音字母y结尾的，不能改，直接加s例如: stay , say ,play, enjoy例如:1). My father (watch )TV every day .2). Miss Li (teach) us English .3). She (study ) in No.1 Middle School .4). The boy often (play) computer games at home .5). The girl usually (go) to school on foot .6). His sister (do) her homework in the evening .7

3、). Mr Green (enjoy) playing basketball.2现在进行态表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作或状态。 时间状语：now , listen , look , It is eight oclock . am 结构： be is Ving (动词的现在分词) are 1. 一般情况加ing 例如: ask, go ,visit , stand ,study ,listen ,rain Ving变化有三种 2. 以不发音的“e”结尾的,把e去掉,再加ing (come,have ,give,write) 3. 重读闭音节，双写后面的字母，再加ing例如: sit, ge

4、t ,run ,begin , swim, stop, shopeg: 1). We (listen) to the teacher now .2). Look ! the boys (swim) in the river.3). Listen ! Who (sing) in the next room .4). It is five in the afternoon . Some men (run)on the playground (操场).5).It is eight oclock in the evening . The girl isnt (listen)to the radio（收

5、音机）. She (do) her homework .6). They (wait ) for the bus .7). The man (take ) photos on the beach now .8). They (have ) English class now .3.一般过去时态: 指过去某一个时间的动作或状态。时间状语：yesterday , last week , last year, last weekend /month, in 20011.一般情况加ed eg : ask , visit , cook 2.以不发音的“e”结尾，加d .eg: close , live

6、,love ,hope 动词过去式 3.以辅音字母+y 结尾的，把y改成i，再加ed .eg: study ,cry, carry 4.重读闭音节，双写后面的字母，再加ed. eg: shop ,stop 5.不规则 ：do did , go went , have had , see saw ,write wrote例句：1. A: What you (do ) last weekend ? B: I (go) shopping with my parents last Saturday . In the afternoon I (do) my homework . And I (watch

7、 )TV in the evening . A: And what about last Sunday . B: Oh , I (meet) my friends .2. The musician (write)many new songs last night.3. They ( have) great fun (play) in the water last vacation .4. I (find ) a small boy (cry) in the corner yesterday.5. when I (be ) a child , I (enjoy) (play) computer

8、games .6. Miss Li (teach) in No. 10 Middle School in 1990 . 4、名词的复数形式： 1).一般情况加s 例如： koala , window , actor , newspaper . 2).以“o, s , x , ch , sh”结尾的加es 例如: tomato, potato ,bus, box ,watch , coach, beach 3).以辅音字母y ,把y改成i,再加es例如: city ,country , factory(工厂), story, family 但如以元音字母y结尾的，不能改，直接加s。例如：boy

9、,toy , day , way ,4).以f或fe结尾的，把f 或fe改成v再加es 例如：knife knives thief , thieves, leaf leaves 但是scarf可以只加s scarf scarfs，也可以把f 改成v，再加es 5).不规则：man men , woman women , policeman policemen policewoman policewomen , toothteeth , footfeet二、介词的用法：(一)、at 1.at : 表示在几点 at six / twelve 在六点/ 在十二点 at around eight -t

10、hirty 在大约8：302. at home / school /work 在家 / 在上学/在上班3. at the library / mall 在图书馆 / 在购物商场 at the bus stop 在公共汽车站4. look at = have a look at 看一看5. 看有好几种：看书、报：read the book/ newspaper看黑板：look at the blackboard看电影：see(watch) the film 看电视/足球赛：watch TV / football game(match)6. look for : 寻找（强调寻找的动作） find

11、找到（强调找的结果）、eg : He is looking for his watch everywhere, but he can not find it .（二）in1. 在早上/ 下午/晚上in the morning / afternoon / evening 但在中午是: at noon 在深夜（夜间）是: at night 2. 在某月 在某年某月in January 在元月 in 2005 在2005年 in December , 2004 在2004年12月3. in : 在里面 in the bag/ drawer 在包里/ 抽屉里 in the classroom / sc

12、hool 在教室里/ 学校里 The windows are in the wall. 窗在墙上。 The birds are in the tree 小鸟在树上。 The apples are on the tree. 苹果在树上。4. be in 参加1)He is in our school basketball team. 他参加我们学校篮球队。5. in 穿着 The girl in red sweater is Lily . 穿着红色羊毛衣的女孩是莉莉。(三) on : 在上面 1.on the beach 在沙滩上on the floor/ the playground 在地板上

13、/操场上n your back 在你的背上2. bananas on the tree 树上的香蕉3. 在某一天用on on February 12 /October 1 在2月12日/ 10月1日 on that day 在那一天on Sunday / Monday /weekend 在星期日 / 星期一/ 周末on the weekend , on school nights 在周末， 在学校上课晚上4. 在年月日用on on September 10 ,2004 在2004年9月10日5. 在月日 on May 1th 在五月一日（四）with 与在一起；和1)helpwith 帮助学

14、Mr Xu helps him with Chinese . 许老师帮助他学语文。Mr Shen helps us with English. 沈老师帮助我们学英语。(help 是动词，所以代词要用宾格us)2)play with 和玩（耍）He often plays with the dog . 他经常和狗玩（耍）。3) with 和在一起He often goes to play football with his friends. 他经常和他的朋友们去踢足球。 (或She often with her friends goes to (see) movies . )I often go

15、 to see movies with my friends. 我经常和我的朋友们一起去看电影。4)with :戴着 The boy with hat is Carl. 戴着帽子的男孩是卡尔。5) with 带有，具有 a small house with an interesting garden 带有有趣花园的小房子6) agreewith sb. 同意某人的意见 A: English is very important ,so we must study hard .B: I agree with you .（五）to 朝、向、至、达 不定式符号，后面若有动词，要用原形 to V 1)

16、Do you want to know about my morning ? 你想知道有关于我早上做些什么吗？I want to buy a blue sweater . 我想买一件羊毛衣。(to 后面动词用原形)2) next to 靠近 ； 紧挨着 ；附近 He sits next to the window. 他座在窗户旁边。My home is next to the school . 我家在学校附近。（七）from 从； 从一起 from to 从到 from 7 to 9 从7点到9点from Monday to Friday 从星期一到星期五from January to Jul

17、y 从一月到七月come from 来自 ； 出生 I come from China . 我出生在中国。He comes from America . 他来自美国。2) be from 是人 We are from China . 我们是中国人。 ( 八) between 介于（两者）之间 between and 在两者之间 He stands between Jim and Tom. 他站在吉姆和汤姆之间。The supermarket is between the post office and the bus station . （九） for 1. thanhs for . 为而感谢

18、Thanks for your help . 感谢你的帮助。Thanks for the photo of your family . 谢谢你家的照片。2.Thank you for joining CCTVs Around The World Show.感谢你观看中央电视台的绕球节目。3. for :为work for a magazine 为杂志社工作work for us as a reporter. 作为一个记者来为我们工作(加入我们的记者工作持列)4.What do you have for dinner? 你晚餐吃什么？（十） of 的 a photo of her class 她

19、班的一张照片 a map of the China 一张中国地图 a map of the world 一张世界地图 (十一) as 作为 as a policeman / waiter作为一个警察/一个服务员 (女服务员: waitress )二、词汇和句型:want to do sth. = would like to do sth. 想要做某事I want to buy a dictionary. 我想买一本字典。1.a little 少量；少许 （用于修饰不可数名词）speak a little English / Chinese 讲一点英语/汉语a little ice / wate

20、r / rain 一点冰/水 , 少量的雨2. an hour 一小时 an apple /egg /orange 一个苹果/ 鸡蛋/ 桔子 an American boy / English girl 一个美国男孩 / 英国女孩 an art teacher 一个美术老师 an actor 一个演员 an aunt 一个姑妈 an answer 一个答案 an old man 一个老人3. do , go , watch, pass 动词的第三人称单数要加es The boy does his homework at school . 这个男孩在学校做作业。She goes to schoo

21、l at seven every day . 她每天7点去上学。He watches TV only on Sunday. 4. do ones homework 做某人的作业5. get to (arrive in ) 到达 get up 起床6. go home 回家 go to a movie 去看电影7. go to bed 上床睡觉 go to school 去上学8. go to work 去上班 go swimming 去游泳9. have a look 看一看 ；看一眼 10. have ( eat ) breakfast/ lunch / dinner( supper) 吃早

22、饭/ 午饭/ 晚 饭 11. have has（第三人称单数）1.有 I have three brothers. 我有三个兄弟。have 2.吃，饮 The teacher has lunch at school . 3. 上课 have English / Chinese / math /biology / history4. 开会 have a meeting 12. how much 多少钱 how old 多大年龄 how long 多长/ 多久 例如：How long is the bridge ? 桥有多长？ How long are you going to stay in A

23、merica ? 你要呆在美国多久？13. lets = let us 允许 ； 让 Lets play soccer ball (football ). 让我们去踢足球吧 ！14. play sports 做运动 15. play basketball / volleyball . / baseball /tennis 打篮球/ 排球 / 棒 球 / 网球 The teacher plays basketball well . 这个老师篮球打得好。（注意好用well）16. play the guitar / piano / violin /drum /trumpet /chess 弹吉他/

24、 钢琴/ 拉小提琴/ 打鼓 / 吹喇叭/下象棋 （注意要加the）17. speak : 讲某种语言 say : 说（具体言词） talk to / with sb. 和某人交 tell : 告诉 speak English / Chinese / Japanese / French 讲英语 / 汉语 /日语 / 法语 A: Can you speak English ? B: Yes , a little A: Can you .say it in English ? B: Let me have a try . (试一试)18. take 拿走 ；带到bring 拿来；取来 ；带来Plea

25、se take these things to school . 请把这些东西带到学校。 Can you bring some things to school ? 你能带些东西来学校吗？19. take a photo / take photos 拍照 They are taking photos of the flowers. 他们在拍花有照片。20. take a shower = have a shower 洗澡间； 淋浴 take a bus/ taxi / 乘公共汽车/乘出出租汽车 take a No. 17 bus 乘17路车 take a walk 散步 They like t

26、o take a walk after supper. 晚饭后他们喜欢散步。21.what time 几点；什么时候 What time does he get up ? 他几点起床？22. years old 岁（年龄） How old is your cousin ? 你表哥几岁？ He is fifteen years old . 他十五岁。23.in front of 在 前面 behind 在后面 The bank is in front of the supermarket. 银行在超市的前面。25. across from 在对面 The hotel is across from

27、 the post office . 宾馆在邮电局的对面。26. 玩得开心、过得愉快 （有四种） have a good time They are having a good time. 他们玩得很开心。 have a great time / have fun / enjoy oneself I dont have any fun .我一点也不开心。27. turn right/ left 向右拐 / 左拐 on the right / left 在右边 / 在左边28. Excuse me . 打扰了。（用于事情还没有发生向人家表示歉意。） I am sorry. 对不起。（用于事情已经

28、发生了向人家表示道歉。） A: Excuse me. Where is the Police Station ? 打扰了,请问警察局在哪里。 B: I am sorry. I dont know. 对不起，我不知道。29. like / enjoy Ving 喜欢做 practice Ving 练习做 stop Ving 停止做 find Ving 发现 eg: The young man enjoys watching football games . The boy likes playing the computer games .When the teacher came into t

29、he classroom, we stopped talking .当老师走进教室，我们停止讲话。I found a small boy crying in the corner .We often practice reading English in the morning .30. in order to 为了 In order to improve my English , I practice reading English every day. 为了提高英语，我每天读英语。 In order to learn Chinese , math, English well , he st

30、udies very hard . 为了学好语、数、英，他学习非常努力。31. kind of 有几分 He is a policeman .His job is kind of dangerous . 他是个警察，他的工作有几分危险。32. lie , tie , die 的现在分词， 把ie改成y，再加ing lie lying Others are lying on the beach . 其他一些人正躺在海滩上。33. TV show/ station 电视节目/台34. wait for 等待 Look! They are waiting for the bus . 35. some

31、 some others 一些一些其他一些 Some are taking photos . Others are lying on the beach.36. look like 看起来像A: What does your friend look like ?B: She is good-looking . She is medium build , and she has long curly blond hair .37. go shopping / fishing 买东西/ 去钓鱼38.would like to sth. = want to sth. 想要做某事 A: What ki

32、nd of noodles would you like ?你要哪一种面条？ B: Id like beef and tomato noodles , please . 我要牛肉和西红市的面条。39. A: Can I help you ? 你要吃什么？ / 你要买什么？ B: I would like a large bowl of noodles . 我要一碗大的面条。40. not or 既不也不 I dont like onions or porridge . 我既不喜欢洋葱也不喜欢稀饭。41. stay at home 呆在家里42. study for exams 复习迎考43.

33、have a party 开晚会44. do some reading 朗读 do some shopping 买东西 do some running 跑步 do some cleaning 大扫除38. think of 认为、觉得 What do you think of the game show ?39. look( at) 看（强调看的动作） see 看（看的结果） He looked at the blackboard carefully ,but he saw nothing . 40. listen to 听（强调听的动作） hear 听（听的结果） We listened t

34、o the teacher carefully , and we heard clearly .（清楚）41. look for 寻找 The old man looked for his dog everywhere , but he couldnt find 找到 find it He wa very sad. 42. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看43. give sb. sth.= give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 Please give her the dictionary .44. buy sb. sth.= buy s

35、th. for sb. 买某物给某人 My father bought a watch for me .45.as well as 也， 还， 而且46. RMB10 for 15(dumplings) 15个饺子10元47.What about ? 怎么样？ What about going for a walk ? 出去散步怎么样？ How about ? 怎么样？ I cant stand the soap opera ? How about you ? 48. Its time to do sth. 该是做某事的时候了。 Its time to go to school/ get up

36、 . 该是上学/起床的时候了/。49. 感观动词，后面的宾补不带to ( 后面的动词跟原形) see, hear ,watch ,make ,let, help (听、观、感、使、让、帮，后面的动词跟原形)Lets play basketball . Let me hear you play . 让我来听听你的演凑。That made me feel very happy .The girl often helps her mother wash clothes .50. see/hear/watch +Ving (也可跟动名词) We saw a boy crying on the road

37、 . 我们看见一个男孩在路上哭。（指当时正在发生的动作。）51. be lost 迷路/ 走失 The old woman was lost. She asked the policeman for helping .老大娘迷路了，她请警察帮忙。52. Healthy Living 健康生活53. hundred of 成百上千 thousand of 成千上万54. wear 穿着（指状态） put on穿上（指动作The girl is wearing a red T-shirt Its cold outside . Please put on your coat .55. I dont

38、think the boy is right . 我想这个男孩不对。（注意否定转移）练习：1. A: What you (do ) last weekend ? B: I (go) shopping with my parents last Saturday . In the afternoon I (do) my homework . And I (watch )TV in the evening . A: And what about last Sunday . B: Oh , I (meet) my friends .2. The musician (write)many new son

39、gs last night.3. They ( have) great fun (play) in the water last vacation .4. I (find ) a small boy (cry) in the corner yesterday.5. When I (be ) a child , I (enjoy) (play) the games .6. Miss Li (teach) in No. 10 Middle School in 1990 . 7. The girl (study) for exams last night . She usually (study)

40、very hard.8. They arent (have)Chinese lesson now, they (do) their homework.9. the boy (swim) in the river ? No, he isnt . He (play) football with his friends on the playground .10. his mother (teach) in the No. 1 Middle school? No, she doesnt . She (teach) in Nei Cou Middle School .11. It is five in the afternoon . A policeman (run)on the playground (操场).情景交际:1.A: What do you often do after school ? B: 2. A:How is it going ?B: 3.A: ? B: Its Monday .4. A: What did you do last night ? B: 5.A: ? B: Its sunny today .6. A: ? B: No, I didnt .7.A: ? B: She goes to school at 6:30 .8.A: