高中英语复习资料大全(DOC 45页).doc

1、1、放大镜为什么能放大物体的图像呢？我们注意到它的特点了吗？（P3）22、绿色植物的一些细胞能进行光合作用，制造养料，它们好像是一个个微小的工厂。预计未来20年，全球人均供水量还将减少1/3。1、放大镜为什么能放大物体的图像呢？我们注意到它的特点了吗？（P3）17、细胞学说的建立被誉为19世纪自然科学的三大发现之一。11、在淡水资源短缺的情况下，水污染更给人类和其他生物造成了威胁。绝大多数的水污染都是由人类的活动引起的。11、月食：当地球转到月球和太阳的中间，太阳、地球、月球大致排成一条直线时，地球就会挡住太阳射向月球的光，这时在地球上的人就只能看到月球的一部分或全部看不到，于是就发生了月食。

2、二、问答：1、焚烧处理垃圾的优缺点是什么？15、为了便于辨认，人们把看起来不动的星星分成群，划分成不同的区域，根据其形态想象成人、动物或其他物体的形状，并且给它们命名。天空中这些被人们分成的许多区域就称为星座。 高中英语复习要点1 be used to (doing) sth 对习以为常，习惯于，适应词语辨析used to do sth, be used to doing sth 和 be used to do sth 的用法比较used to do sth 指的是过去的习惯性动作，目的在于与现在形成对照。I used to work hard. 我过去常常努力工作。暗含的意义是：我现在不努力

3、工作了。be/get/become used to (doing) sth 习惯于，to 是介词。He was used to the cold weather after he lived there for two years在那里住了两年后，他已习惯了寒冷的天气。I think it is a bit difficult for you to get used to the humid weather here 我想让你习惯于这里潮湿而炎热的天气有点困难。Youll soon get used to living in the country. 很快你就会习惯于住在乡下了。be used

4、 to do sth 被用来做某事，to 是不定式符号。A metal bar was used to force the door open. 用金属棒把门撬开了。2 intend v. 想要，打算基本构词 intention n. 意图，打算短语搭配intended a. 打算的，预期的；故意的，有意的intend to do sth 打算做某事intend sb/sth to do 打算让某人或某物做intend sb/sth for 打算将.供给; 打算使.成为; 想让.从事某事be intended to do 是为了（做）典型例句be intended for sth.是为了.Er

5、na intends to take short rests every two hours. 欧娜打算每隔两小时休息片刻。He intends his son to manage the company. 他打算让他儿子经营该公司。That trap is intended for you. 那个圈套是为你而设的。The project is intended to help the earthquake victims. 这个项目旨在帮助地震灾民。3 lie (lied, lied) n.& vi. 谎言; 说谎lie (lay, lain) vi. 躺；卧；平放；位于短语搭配tell a

6、 lie 说谎lie in 在于.lie on ones back /stomach/ side 仰卧/俯卧/侧卧典型例句He has lain there for 3 days. 他躺在那儿三天了。He has never lied to me. 他从不对我说谎。4 recommend vt. 推荐；建议，劝告基本构词 recommendation n. 建议；推荐短语搭配recommend sb sth = recommend sth to/for sb 向某人推荐.recommend sb for sth 推荐某人担任recommend sb as 推荐某人为recommend (sbs

7、/sb) doing 建议某人做某事recommend that sb (should) do 建议某人做某事recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事典型例句He recommended the young man to our firm (for the post).他推荐那位年轻人到我们公司 (担任那个职位)。I can recommend him as an extremely good lawyer. 我推荐他一定能当个极好的律师。Can you recommend a website for/to me? 你能给我推荐一个网站吗？Can you recommend

8、 me a good novel? 你给我介绍一本好的小说行吗?I recommend that you (should) resign. 我建议你辞职。I recommended (you) meeting him first. 我建议（你）先见见他。I wouldnt recommend you to go travelling alone. 我劝你不要孤身一人去旅游。5 convenient a. 便利的，方便的基本构词 convenience n. 便利 conveniently ad. 便利地短语搭配be convenient for/to 离（某地）很近便；对（某人）方便at sb

9、s convenience 在某人方便时典型例句Our school is convenient for (to) the station. 我们学校离车站很近便。If it is convenient for (to) you, well come tomorrow. 如果你方便的话，我们就明天来吧。Please call me back at your convenience. 请你方便的时候回个电话给我。6 determine vt. 决定；决心基本构词 determination n. 决心 determined a. 坚定的，坚决的短语搭配determine to do sth 决心

10、做某事be determined to do sth 决心做某事determine on /upon sth 对某事下定决心 determine sb to do sth 使某人决心做某事典型例句He is determined to go at once. 他决心立刻就走。His advice determined me to drink and smoke no more. 他的劝告使我决心不再抽烟喝酒了。We have determined on/upon an early start. 我们决心早点出发。1 surprise v. 使.惊奇, 使.震惊 n. 惊奇，惊异；吃惊的事基本构

11、词surprised adj. 感到吃惊的 surprising adj. 令人吃惊的短语搭配surprise sb 使某人吃惊to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是in surprise 惊奇地，吃惊地by surprise 出其不意地be surprised to do sth 做某事感到吃惊典型例句 The news greatly surprised us. 这条消息使我们大为惊讶。Her face showed surprise at the news. 听到这个消息她脸上露出了惊奇的神情。He gave me a surprise by arriving early. 他

12、的早到使我大吃一惊。To our surprise, the boy won the prize. 使我们惊奇的是这个男孩获奖了。“How did you come here?” she said in surprise. “你怎么到这儿来的?”她惊讶地说。词语辨析surprising 具有主动意义，多用来表示事物的特征，在句中多作定语或表语。surprised 具有被动意义, 多用来表示人的心理特征, 在句中多作定语, 表语或状语。He gave me some surprising news. 他给我带来一些令人惊讶的消息。The result is surprising. 结果是令人惊讶

13、的。I was surprised to see him there. 我真想不到会在那儿见到他。Surprised at his success, we asked him how he had made it.对他的成功感到很惊讶，我们问他是怎么做到的。类似的单词有: worried/worrying, pleased/pleasing, excited/exciting, encouraged/encouraging,interested/interesting, satisfied/satisfying, bored/boring, scared/scaring, frightened

14、/frightening,frustrated/frustrating 等。2 charge n. 负责，管理；收费；控告 v. 收(费)，索(价)；控告短语搭配 in /under the charge of sb 由某人负责in charge of 主管 free of charge 免费地charge sb some money (for sth) 向某人要价多少 charge sb with sth 指控某人某事have /take charge of 照顾，管理，负责典型例句What is the charge in the hotel? 这旅馆收费多少?Doctors have c

15、harge of the sick people. 医生负责照顾病人。Soon he will take charge of the department. 他很快会来负责管理这个部门。The ticket is free of charge. 这票是免费的。He charged me 100 dollars for this coat. 这件外套他要我一百美元。The driver was charged with speeding. 司机被控超速驾车。词语辨析in charge of 主管，负责（表主动）in the charge of 在负责之下，由负责管理（表被动）Mr. Green

16、is in charge of this factory. 格林先生管理这家工厂。This factory is in the charge of Mr. Green. 这家工厂由格林先生负责管理。3 insist v. 坚持说；坚决主张，坚持要求短语搭配insist on/upon (doing) sth 坚持做某事if you insist 如果你一定要坚持的话（常用于口语中，表示勉强同意）典型例句She insisted that he was wrong. 她坚持认为他错了。（表示“坚持说, 坚决认为”时，接 that 从句，从句的动作多为已发生之事，用陈述语气。）He insiste

17、d that we (should) accept these gifts.他坚持要我们接受这些礼物。（表示“坚决主张；坚持要求”时，接 that 从句，从句的动作为将要发生之事，用虚拟气，即：主语+（should）+动词原形。）He insisted on/upon my going with him.=He insisted that I (should) go with him.他坚持要我跟他一起去。4 suggest v. 建议（宾语从句用虚拟语气）；暗示，使想起（宾语从句用陈述语气）基本构词suggestion n. 建议典型例句She suggested an early star

18、t. 她建议早一点出发。They suggested waiting until the proper time. 他们建议等到恰当的时机才行动。She suggested that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday. 她建议班会不要在星期六举行。The smile on his face suggests that he is pleased with my answer. 他脸上的微笑表明他对我的回答很满意。The thought of summer suggests swimming. 一想到夏天就使人们联想到游泳。It

19、 was suggested that we (should) give a performance at the party.人们建议我们在晚会上表演节目。5 require v. 要求；需要词语辨析requirement n. (可数)必需（品）；必要条件典型例句This plan requires careful consideration. 这个计划还需要仔细考虑。These flowers require watering. 这些花需要浇水了。（doing 含有被动的意思）All the members are required to attend the meeting. 要求所有

20、的会员参加会议。The court required that he should pay the fine.法院下令他缴付罚款。（宾语从句的谓语动词用 should+动词原形）1 admit v. 承认，准许（入场，入学，入会）基本构词 admission n. 准许短语搭配 admit to 承认 admit sb to (into) 允许某人进入(某一组织、机构） admit (doing) sth 承认典型例句No admission without tickets. 无票不准进入。He admitted (to) the murder. 他供认了谋杀罪。He admitted (to

21、) having taken the money. 他承认拿了那笔钱。students have been admitted into the school this year? 今年这所学校有多少学生入学?词语辨析allow, permit, let 和 admit 的用法区别allow 强调”默许“。用法: allow sb to do; allow doingpermit 有时可与 allow 通用，不过它更强烈些，用法：permit sb doing ; permit sb to do 可用于“明文规定允许或不允许”，如：The policemen permitted him to p

22、ark here.let 与上面两个可以通用，不过更口语话，而且用法不同：let sb doadmit 表示“允许进入，接受（入学，入会）等”。用法：admit sb to some place，这里to是介词。2 blame n.& v. 责备；责怪短语搭配blame sb for (doing) sth 责备某人做了某事blame sth on sb= put/lay the blame on sb 把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for) 应(为)承担责任; 该(为)受责备（不能用被动语态）accept/bear/take the blame for sth 对某事负责任典型例

23、句Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English. 许多孩子害怕讲英语时犯错误而受责备。The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless driving.警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。The children were not to blame for the accident. 那次事故怪不着孩子们。were ready to take the blame for what had happened. 我们

24、愿对所发生的事负责。3 doubt n.& v. 怀疑，疑惑基本构词 doubtful adj. 怀疑的短语搭配 in doubt 怀疑；拿不定主意 no/without/beyond doubt 无疑地；必定；当然典型例句I dont doubt that he can finish the task on time. 我相信他能按时完成任务。Do you doubt that she will succeed? 你怀疑她会成功吗？He doubts if/whether she will keep her word. 他不敢肯定她是否会遵守诺言。There is no doubt abou

25、t/of it. 此事无可怀疑。There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter. 毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的意见的。4 persuade vt. 说服，劝说基本构词 persuasive adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的 persuasion n. 说服；信服；信念短语搭配persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事persuade sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不要做

26、某事典型例句I persuaded him of its truth. 我使他相信这是真的。We will persuade him to take the medicine. 我们将说服他把药吃下去。I persuaded my father out of smoking. 我劝服了我父亲戒烟。5 absorb v. 吸收，吸引基本构词 absorbed a. 全神贯注的,一心一意的短语搭配 be absorbed in 全神贯注于, 专心于典型例句His business absorbs him. 他的业务使他全神贯注。The clever boy absorbed all the kno

27、wledge his teacher could give him. 那个聪明的男孩把他老师所能教他的所有的知识都吸收了。He was too absorbed in the newspaper to hear the bell. 他专心读报, 连门铃也没听见。Will was so absorbed in reading that he went without his dinner.威尔非常专心读书, 以至于晚饭都没有吃6 hesitate vi. 犹豫，迟疑基本构词 hesitation n. 犹豫短语搭配hesitate about/ in/ at/ over doing sth=he

28、sitate to do something 做某事犹豫不决without hesitation 毫不犹豫地, 立即have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事典型例句Dont hesitate about that. Do it at once. 对于那件事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧。Do not hesitate to give me a call if you need help. 如果你需要帮助就打电话给我，不要犹豫。He asked her to sit beside him without hesitation. 他毫不犹豫地请她坐在他身旁。Whe

29、never I have difficulty in learning English，I have no hesitation in turning to Mr Dings space for help. 每当我学英语有困难就马上向 Mr Ding 的空间求助。1 attend v. 出席，参加，到场; 注意; 照料短语搭配attend school/class/church 上学/上课/去教堂做礼拜attend a meeting/lecture/wedding 参加会议/听讲座/参加婚礼attend to sb/sth 注意；倾听；专心干；照料，处理attend (on/upon) sb

30、 伺候/照顾某人典型例句Hell attend an important meeting tomorrow. 他明天要参加一个重要的会议。If you dont attend to your teacher, youll never learn anything. 你要是不注意听老师讲，你就会什么也学不到。I may be lateI have one or two things to attend to. 我可能会迟到，我还有一两件事要处理。The patient has three nurses attending (on) her. 那个病人有三个护士看护。词语辨析join, join

31、in, take part in 和 attend 的用法比较join 有两个用法：1 指加入某个党派，团体组织等，成为其成员之一。如：When did your brother join the army? 你哥哥什么时候参军的？2 和某人一道做某事，其结构为：join sb in (doing) sth，根据上下文，in (doing) sth 也可以省去。Will you join us in the discussion? 你参加我们的讨论好吗？Were going to the East Lake Park on Sunday. Will you join us?我们打算星期天去东湖

32、公园。你跟我们一道去好吗？join in 多指参加小规模的活动，如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。如：Come along, and join in the ball game. 快，来参加球赛。take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。Well take part in social practice during the summer vacation.暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。take part in是惯用词组，part 前一般不用冠词，但 part 前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。Lincoln took an active par

33、t in political activities and was strongly against slavery.林肯积极参加政治活动，强烈反对奴隶制。 attend 是正式用语，及物动词，指参加会议，婚礼，葬礼，典礼；去上课，上学；听报告等。句子的主语只是去听，去看，自己不一定起积极作用。如：I attended his lecture. 我听了他的讲课。2 prepare v. 准备, 预备基本构词 preparation n. 准备, 预备 prepared adj. 准备好的短语搭配 prepare for=make preparations for 为做准备prepare sb

34、for/ to do sth 使某人为做准备be prepared for 对做好准备prepare sb sth 为某人准备be prepared to do sth 愿意做某事，乐意做某事prepare a meal / ones lesson 准备饭（功课）典型例句The secretary has prepared the president a long report.= The secretary has prepared a long report for the president.秘书已为董事长准备好了一份长篇报告稿。Will you help me prepare for

35、the get-together of the old classmates?你能否帮我为这次老同学聚会做好准备工作?We are prepared to supply the goods you ask for. 我们能够且愿意供应你要的货物。3 experience n. C 经历，阅历 U 经验 v. 体验；经历基本构词短语搭配experienced adj. 有经验的have experience in /of doing sth 有做某事的经验experienced teachers 有经验的教师be experienced in /at doing sth 做某事有经验典型例句I

36、know from experience that he will arrive late. 据我的经验，他会迟到的。He had many interesting experiences while travelling in Africa.他在非洲旅行时，有很多有趣的经历。He experienced great hardships for the first time in his life.他有生以来第一次体验到巨大的艰苦。He has had much experience in /of this kind of work. 他有丰富的经验做这项工作。4 develop v. 培养，

37、养成；发展，开发；冲洗照片等基本构词development n. 发展，进展，开发 developed adj. 先进的，发达的developing adj. 发展中的短语搭配develop a film 冲洗胶片 develop a mine 开矿 develop into 发展成，变成be under development 在发展中a developing/developed country 发展中的国家/发达国家典型例句The best way to make sure that we will feel and look fine is to develop healthy eati

38、ng habits.确保我们身体健康的一个最好方法就是养成良好的饮食习惯。5 attention n. 注意，关注基本构词attentively ad. 注意地短语搭配pay attention to (doing) sth 注意（做）某事draw / attract/ call ones attention (to sth) 吸引某人的注意fix / focus ones attention on sth 集中注意力于典型例句Pay attention to the road signs. 注意路牌。He called our attention to what he said. 他提醒我们

39、注意他说的话。The rising unemployment drew his attention. 失业率日益升高引起了他的注意。He fixed his attention on writing. 他专心写作。6 please v. 使某人满意或愉快基本构词pleased adj. 欣喜的，满意的 pleasant adj. 舒适的，讨人喜欢的pleasure n. 高兴，满足，乐事短语搭配please sb 取悦某人 be pleased with sb 对某人感到满意be pleased with /about/at sth 对高兴（满意） be pleased to do sth 高

40、兴地做典型例句He looked very pleased with himself so I knew he had passed his driving test.他看起来得意洋洋, 所以我知道他已通过驾驶考试。I am very pleased with what he has done. 我对他的工作很满意。I am very pleased to meet you. 很高兴遇见你。I am very pleased (that) youve decided to come. 你决定来我很高兴。The weather there isnt very pleasant. 那儿的气候不太好

41、。It gives me great pleasure to keep plants and grow flowers at home. 在家养花种草给我很多乐趣。It is a pleasure to hear her sing. 听她唱歌是一桩乐事。7 regret v. 感到遗憾, 抱歉, 后悔, 惋惜 n. 遗憾, 悔恨, 抱歉, 歉意典型例句Her regret was that she never had the chance of seeing him. 她遗憾的是从来没有机会见到他。I regret having done this, but I had no choice.

42、我很遗憾做了这件事，但我没有别的办法。词语辨析regret to do 对要做的事遗憾(未做)without regret 毫无遗憾地to ones regret 令某人遗憾的是regret doing/having done 对做过的事遗憾、后悔(已做)I regret to tell you that youre not fit for the job. 很遗憾地告诉你，你不适合这个工作。To this day I do not regret having made the remark. 到今天我也不后悔说了那番话。1 puzzle v. (使)迷惑不解，(使)为难；n. C难题, （字

43、、画）谜基本构词 puzzled a. 迷惑的，困惑的短语搭配puzzle over/about 苦思puzzling a. 令人迷惑的，令人困惑的be a puzzle to sb 对某人来说是个谜be in a puzzle about sth 对某事迷惑不解典型例句 Ive been sitting here puzzling over what to do. 我一直坐在这里苦思着要做什么事。The computers are a puzzle to me. 我不懂电脑.2 search n.& v. 搜寻，搜查短语搭配search after/for 寻找, 探求search ones

44、 memory 寻思; 追忆search a person 搜身 search some place 搜查某地search out 搜(查)出, 探出search through 把.仔细搜寻一遍 search into 调查, 研究 in search of 寻找make a search for 搜查,搜寻典型例句Police searched everyone present at the scene of crime.警察搜查了在犯罪现场的每一个人。Ive searched my memory, but I cant remember that mans name.我想了又想,可是记不

45、起那个人的名字。He searched for work at the various stores. 他在各家商店寻找工作。The general manager promised to search into the matter. 总经理答应深入调查此事。3 possibility n. U&C可能，可能性典型例句Is there any possibility that he will be elected chairman? 他有可能会当选主席吗？Its possible for him to solve the problem. 他可能能解决这个问题。Its possible that his illness will get worse. 可能他的病会恶化。Read as many books as possible. 尽可能多看书。Send it by air mail if possible. 如果可能的话用航空邮寄.1 disappointed a. 感到失望的基本构词disappoint vt. 使失望 disappointing adj. 令人失望的possible a. 可能的 possibly ad. 可能地，也许disappointment U失望，扫兴；C令人失望的事短语搭配be / feel disappointed