鲁教版九年级英语知识点总结unit(DOC 6页).doc

1、What would you do知识点复习-Unit 1 What would you do一、知识点1. if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句 即 虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为：句 型 ：条件从句 + 主句谓语动词形式 动词过去式(be动词一律用were) would+动词原形即：(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were), 用一般过去时态(主句) 主语+would+动词原形 过去将来时如：If I

2、had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie.假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员)3. be late for （介词用for） 迟到 如：I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.4. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或several一词时要不能加s ，反之，则要加s 并与of 连用，

3、表示数量很多 如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion peopleTwo hunred/ thousand/ million/ billion people几百/千/百万/十亿人 hundreds/thousands of trees 上百棵树5. what if + 从句 如果怎么办 ， 要是 又怎么样 如：What if she doesnt come? 要是她不来怎么办？What if everyone else brings a present?6. 系动词与形容词连用 get nervous 变得紧张feel shy 觉得害羞 lo

4、ok friendly 看起来友好11. too +形/副+to do sth. 太而不能 如：Im too tired to stand. 我太累了而不能站。课本上是I am too tired to do well.12. help with sth. 如：They help with this problem.help sb. do. 如：They help you relax. 他们帮助你放松 help him (to)look for his book.13. in public 在公共场所 如:Dont smoke in public. 请不要在公共场所吸烟。14. energet

5、ic adj. 活力的 如：She is a energetic girl. 她是一个活力的女孩。energy n. 活力 如：She has lots of energies. 她有活力。15. ask sb. to do 叫做某事ask sb. not to do sth.叫不要做某事ask sb never to do sth叫千万不要做某事tell sb. to do 告诉做某事tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉不要做某事如：Teacher asked me to clean the classroom.Teacher asked me not to clean th

6、e classroom.16. start doing = start to do. 开始做某事 如：He started speaking/ to speak. 他开始说话。17. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物 如：I borrowed a book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书。 另lend sth to sb.把某物借给某人lend sb sth.18.wait for sb.等某人 如：I am wait for him. 我正在等他。 Wait for sb to do sth等待某人做某事 例：课本上Id wait for him t

7、o introduce himself to me.19. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人 如：I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介绍给安娜。20. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事 如：课本上Id invite him to have dinner at my house.Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。21. have dinner/ supper 吃晚饭have lunch/ breakfast 吃午餐、吃早餐22. plenty o

8、f 修饰不可数名词，也可以修饰可数名词 许多 如：They have plenty of food/ apples. 他们有许多的食物/苹果。23. 给某人某物 give sth. to sb. 如： give an apple to megive sb. sth. g ive me an apple 给我一个苹果24. get along (with)=get on (with)进行，进展The business is getting along very well. 生意进展的很顺利。How are you getting along with your English study?你的英

9、语学习进展的怎么样了？相处Do you get along with your boss?= Do you and your boss get along?你跟老板合得来吗？Im getting along very well with my classmates. 我和同学们相处得很好。25. would rather than （= would rather than）宁愿，而不愿。前后连接两个动词原形，否定形式为：would rather not do sthwould rather than宁愿而不愿He would rather watch TV at home than go ou

10、t for a walk.would rather do sth that do sth另外prefer 也可以表达同样的意思用法举例如下：I prefer watch TV at home rather than go out for a walk .prefer to do sth rather than do sthI prefer watching TV at home to going out for a walk prefer doing sth to doing sthwould rather 常单独使用，表示“宁愿做”有以下几种表达方法：I would rather watch

11、 TV at home.rather than = instead of 而不是.例： I decided to write rather than telephone.I like going out with you rather than with him.She enjoys listening rather than speaking25. in fact 事实上actually=as a matter of fact26. let sb. down 让某人失望 如：Dont let your mother down. 不要让你的妈妈失望。27. come up with sth.

12、提出 想出如：He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一个好主意。catch up with sb. 追上 赶上如：Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜。28. have experience doing 在做某事有经验 如：I have experience teaching Chinese. 我在教英语方面有经验。29. come out 出版，出来如：The magazine comes out once a week. 这种杂志每周出一次。30. by accident -accidentally偶然地，无意之中 如：Last w

13、eek I cut my finger by accident. 上个星期我不小心割到自己的手指。31. hurry to do 匆忙 I hurry to call the police. in a hurry32. more than=over 超过34. offer 提供 offer sb sth 给 offer to do sth 主动提出干35. give sb sth=give sth to sb类似的词还有:pass、lend、show、write、send等buy sb sth=buy sth for sb类似的词还有:make、draw、cook等36.look for寻找f

14、ind找到、发现find out指经过观察、探索、调查等弄清楚、弄明白。discover 指发现那些客观存在而不为人所知的实情。如科学上的重大发现。37.bring 带来 take 带走 fetch 去并拿来38.talk to/with sb 同说话。tell 告诉, 分辨，辨别。speak to sb 同 说话，做及物动词，后跟语言。say 后跟名词、代词及宾语从句做宾语，着重强调说话内容。39.What if 如果将会怎么样？（引导条件状语从句、疑问句）What if your parent dont agree? 如果你的父母不同意怎么办？What if you should fall

15、 sick? 如果你生病了怎么办？40.What does/do look like? 问相貌。Whats like? 问“品质性格”。What is she like? She is outgoing.41.give a speech =have a speech做演讲 give a report 做报告2.permission (n.) 允许，许可 permit (v.) 允许without permission 未经许可43.plenty of 充足的，相当多的。修饰可数或不可数名词，只能用于肯定句。否定、疑问句中用 enough.44.notin the slightest=notat

16、 all 根本不,一点儿不45.a little = a bit 修饰形容词、副词 a little = a bit of 修饰不可数名词46.the rest 其余的，可指代可数或不可数名词。The other(s) 只能指代可数名词宾语从句 ：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语构成常由下面的一些词引导：由that 引导 表示陈述意义 that 可省略He says (that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。由if , whether 引导 表示 一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等)I dont know if / whether Wei Hua li

17、kes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。由 连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导 表示特殊疑问意义Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想 要买什么吗？从句时态要与主句一致当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态He says (that ) he is at home. 他说他在家里。She wants to know if I have finished my homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。 Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时

18、态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。I didnt know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。She wanted to know if I had finished my homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？二、短语总结，让学生回忆意思1、give it to charity 把它捐给慈善机构2、medical research 医学研究3、Wha

19、t if 如果怎么样？4、get nervous 紧张5、take a big exam 参加大考6、help with 有助于7、in public 在公共场合8、hardly ever 几乎不9、the whole school 全校10、without permission 为经许可11、be(make) friends with 与交朋友12、ask ones permission 请求的允许13、introduceto 把介绍给14、inviteto do 邀请干15、social situations 社会环境16、not in the slightest 根本不，一点也不17、r

20、ight away 立刻，马上18、all day 全天19、be friendly to 对友好20、at lunch time 在午饭时间21、a bit shy 有点害羞22、English s peech contest 英语演讲比赛23、represent the class 代表班级24、come top 名列第一（前茅）25 、let down 使失望26、come up with 提出 、想出27、be sure of + n./pron.be sure to do 相信 be sure +that 从句28、the rest of the students 其余的学生29、h

21、ave a lot of experience (in) doing sth 在做某事方面有经验30、deal with 对付，处理31、come out 出版32、give advice on 在方面提出意见、建议33、by accident 偶然地，无意之中34、hurry to do sth 匆匆忙忙干35、an internet friend 网友三、句子1.He doesnt know if he should bring a present. 他不知道是否该带礼物。2.You shouldnt worry about what other people say.你不应该考虑别人说什

22、么。3.What will you do if you had a million dollars?如果你有一百万美元，你会干什么？4.If I were you, I d take a small present.如果我是你，我会带一个小礼物。5.Im too tired to do well.我太累了，没考好。6.Dogs can be a lot of trouble.狗会带来很多麻烦。7.What are you like? 你是什么样的人？8.Id invite him/her to have dinner at my house.我会邀请他（她）到我家吃饭。9.You enjoy

23、the company of other people.你喜欢别人的陪伴。10. I feel nervous talking in front of many people.我在众人面前讲话时感到紧张。11.She always comes top in the school exams.她在学校的考试中总是名列前茅。12.She doesnt want to let her friends down.她不愿让朋友失望。13.If I were you, Ill get out of here.如果我是你，我会离开这里。虚拟语气一、词的语气指我们平常说的说话人说话的口气。（在英语中，语气除了

24、指语调以外，最主要的是通过动词发生变化而表示不同语气）英语中的语气分为三类：陈述语气（用于陈述句、疑问句、感叹句）祈使语气（用于祈使句）虚拟语气（用于条件状语从句、宾语从句等）二、虚拟语气如果所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、建议或是一种实现不了的空想，就用虚拟语气。三、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句eg If he doesnt hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语)If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.（真实条件状语）If I were you, I

25、would go at once.（非真实条件状语从句）If there was no air, people would die.（非真实条件状语从句）2、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式 表示与现在事实相反的情况If I were you, Id take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。If I knew his telephone number , I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）If there were no air or water, there would be no living thing

26、s on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)If I had any money with me, I could lend you some.如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没带钱）If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他在努力些，就能通过考试了。（事实：学习不用功）表示与过去事实相反的情况从句谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式Had+过去分词 Shou ld/would/could/might+have+过去分词从 句 例句 主句wereIf+主语 didwere to do(通

27、常与一个表示时间状语连用)其 中were to do可能性最小，should+动词原形。 If it rained tomorrow our picnicwould be put off.假如那天下雨，我们的郊游就推迟。主句+should/would /might /could+动词原形（条件）从句谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式谓语动词用过去式（be用were） should/would/could/might+动词原形eg If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）If he

28、 had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话）表示对将来情况的主观推测（可能相反或可能性很小）eg: If he would come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him.如果他哪天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小）If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了，（事实：不知能

29、否下雪） If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事得始末。四、虚拟语气的其他用法1、虚拟语气用在wish 后的宾语从句a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式eg: I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。(事实：我根本比不上你)b、表示过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+v-edeg: I wish I had known the truth of the matter.我希望我原来知道这件事的真相。（事实：

30、原来不知道）c、表示将来难以实现的愿望谓语动词：should/would + 动词原形eg: I wish I should have a chance again.很难再有这样的机会了。（事实：很难再有这样的机会了）虚拟语气用在suggest(建议)、insist(坚持)、demand(要求)、order(命令)等动词后的宾语从句中。在这种用法中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用：“should + 动词原形”或只用“动词原形”。如 He suggestedHe insistedHe demand that we (should) take the teachers adviceHe ordered