高中英语语法必备知识点：高中英语语法宾语从句讲解(DOC 5页).doc

1、精诚凝聚 =_= 成就梦想 宾语从句简介：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。 一、宾语从句用法宾语从句的连接词： (一)、从属连词 连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether。 that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，if和whether，whether.or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句。 He told me (that ）he would go to college the next year. 他告诉我他明年上大学。 I dont know if there will be a bus a

2、ny more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车。 Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没有人知道他是否会通过考试。 （二）关联代词 连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。连接代词一般指疑问，但what,whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述。 Do you know who has won Red Alert game？ 你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏么？ The book will show you what the best CEO

3、 should know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么。 Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone？ 你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗？ （三）关联副词 连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等. He didnt tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面. Could you please tell me how you use the n

4、ew panel 你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗 None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.二、动词的宾语从句大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句 We all expect （that ）they will win,for members of their team are stronger. 我们都预料他们会赢，因为他们的队员更强壮. He told us （that） they would help us through the whole work. 他告诉我们在整个工作中，他们都会帮忙

5、的.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句I have found out （that） all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.Can you work out （that）how much we will spend during the trip 你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗动词短语也可以带宾语从句 常见的这些词有：make sure确保 make up ones mind下决心 keep in mind牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in

6、 your papers before you turn them in.当你在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I havent been to the get-together. 我没去聚会，感觉非常遗憾.I have ma

7、de it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matter. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it（双宾语）这类动词主要有：hate,take,owe,have,see to.I hate it when they say with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.He will have it that ou

8、r plan is really practical. 他会认为我们的计划确实可行.We take it that you will agree with us. 我们认为你会同意我们的.When you start the engine,you must see to it that car is in neutral.开启发动机时，一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.若宾语从句是wh-类，则不可用it代替We all consider what you said to be unbelievable. 我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.We discovered what we had lear

9、ned to be valuable. 我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有价值的.三、介词的宾语从句用whether之类的介词宾语从句：We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space. 这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到tha

10、t引导的宾语从句I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company. 对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班，其他一无所知.四、形容词的宾语从句有些形容词具有动词的含义，所以也可以带一个宾语从句，例如； 1. I am sorry I am late. 2. I am glad that you can join us. 3. Are you sure his answer is right? 常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有： sure,certain,glad,please,happy

11、,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised I am sure I will pass the exam. 我确信我会通过考试. I am sorry that I have troubled you so long. 很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你. He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill. 他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.五、if与whether if和whether在作“是否”解时，引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后，介词后一般不用if 少

12、数动词，如：leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether. whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以. 在不定式前只能用whether. （如：I cant decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。）一般“no matt”后表“是否”用whether而不用if六、不省略引导词that当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时； 当宾语从句较长时； 当主语状语置于主句尾，宾语从句之前时； 当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与

13、宾语从句之间有插入语时； 当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，此时第一个that可以省略，第二个that不可以省略； 当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时； 当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时； 当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时； 当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时； 当宾语从句有it做其先行词时； 在直接引语中，转述分句把宾语从句隔开时. 当that在从句中充当主语时.七、否定转移 宾语从句的反意疑问句主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等，并且主句的主语是

14、第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致. I dont think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he wont come to my party. 我认为他不会来我的舞会. I dont believe that man is killed by Jim,is he 我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的，是不是 如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词，其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.通常我们称为否定前疑。 We find that he never listens to the teacher car

15、efully,does he 我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课，是不是。八、时态和语序当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响. 当主句为过去时从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生 I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didnt know what country he was in. 我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书，可不知道是哪个国家. He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when h

16、e was in. 他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读老人与海.从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前 He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already. 他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉了Mary.从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后 The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do. 记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱. 如果从句是一个客观真理，那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化 The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday. 老师昨天说月亮围着地球转.当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时，不能按正常语序安排，经常将这类引导词置于句首 Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year 你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手. 6.无论任何时候都为陈述语序 点亮心灯 /(v) 照亮人生