牛津译林版英语八年级上Unit-6综合知识点总结(DOC 9页).doc

1、牛津译林版英语八年级上Unit 6综合知识点总结8AU6 Birdwatching单词&词组1. 去市场 go to the market在市场 at the market食品市场 foot market2. 去观鸟(go+现在分词,表示去做某事) go birdwatching3. 细长的脖子 a long thin neck4. 灰色的羽毛 grey feathers5. 宽大的翅膀 broad wings6. 稀有鸟类 rare birds不常有的、很少的,属否定副词 rarely = seldom 7. 加入观鸟协会 join the birdwatching society8. 15

2、种鹤 15 types of cranes一种. a type of + 单数名词（不加冠词）多少种 how many types = how many kinds什么种类的. What type of.9. 自然保护区 nature reserveNature表示“大自然，自然界”时，其前面通常不加定冠词。自然环境 a natural environment10. 在中国的的东北部, be in North-east China(中国的东北，是专有名词，此时方向词前不加冠词 the)华南 South China华北 North China华东 East China华西 West China东

3、北方north-east西北方 north-west东南方 south-east西南方 south-west南方的 southern北方的 northern东方的 eastern西方的 western= be in the north-east of China两者是包含关系时用inJilin Province is in North-east China.两者是接壤关系时用onJiangsu is on the east of Anhui两者不是包含或接壤关系时用toJapan is to the east of China.11. 世界上最重要的湿地之一 one of the worlds

4、 most important wetlands = one of the most important wetlands in the world12. 为提供食物和庇护所 provide food and cover for sb = provide sb with food and cover为某人提供某物 provide sth for sb = provide sb with sthGive sb sth = give sth to sbOffer sb sth = offer sth to sbSupply sb with sth = supply sth to sb13. 孰能生

5、巧。 Practice makes perfect .14. 许多野生生物 a lot of wildlife (不可数)15. 一些鸟的最佳场所 a perfect place for some birds16. 一年到头 all (the) year round = the whole year17. 去那儿短暂逗留 go there for a short stay = go there for a short timestay、remain和keep辨析 1 表示“继续呆在某处”时，应该用不及物动词remain或stay，例： Shall I go or stay? He remain

6、ed in his seat after all the other students had gone home. 2 表示“暂住、短期停留”时，只能用不及物动词stay。例： He is staying at Hilton Hotel. 3 表示“残留、剩下”时，只能用不及物动词remain，例： Of the seven brothers, only four now remain; the rest are dead. 4表示“继续保持或处于某种状态”时，应视具体情况在上述动词中进行选择： (1)表示“继续保持或处于原来的状态”时，可用remain或stay，例： Three of t

7、hem remained single.The door stayed closed.例： She had kept him waiting twenty minutes on this occasion. Why do you always keep your windows closed?(2) 表示“需要设法才能保持或处于某种状态”时，应用keep，例： She knew she must keep calm. I wish those children would keep quiet. (3) 表示“使某人或某物保持某种状态”时，只能用及物动词keep，例： She had kept

8、 him waiting twenty minutes on this occasion. Why do you always keep your windows closed? 作名词时，一般用单数形式。也可作动词，意为“停留；暂住；维持”18. 然而 while 引导时间状语从句，意为“当.的时候，和.同时”，此句的主从句谓语动作同时发生，从句谓语通常是延续性动词。 引导从句时，如主从句的主语一致，且从句谓语动词又含有be，则从句主语和be可省略，while后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。 用于表示两种情况、活动等之间的差别，表示对比或转折，意为“而，然而”，可用于句首或句中。

9、19. 在白天活跃 be active in the daytime （反：inactive）20. 没有很多的鹤剩下 There are not many cranes left.21. 为了,以便，为的是. in order (not) to do sth = in order that 从句 = so as to（不能用于句首）22. 给农场和大楼腾出更多的空间 have more space for farms and buildings23. 导致；通向 lead to sth/doing sth (led) 导致、促使某人做某事 lead sb to do sthresult in

10、 & lead to & contribute to & give rise to & responsible forResult in侧重强调所造成的结果，而结果通常是不良或消极的结果。The fall he had during his infancyresulted inhis deafness. 小时候的一次跌跤造成了他的耳聋。Lead to与 result in 相似强调会造成某种结果，但产生的结果并不一定是不好结果，也可能是好的结果，而且多用于描述客观的可能性和对未来的预测。使用比 result in 广泛。This condition canlead toother health

11、 issues such as diabetes, high blood pressure, heartattacks and strokes. 这种情况可能导致其他的健康问题,如糖尿病、高血压、心脏病和中风。Bring about多指“带来”某种变化、好处等，或“导致”“造成”某种问题、不良结果等。The Internet hasbrought aboutmany changes in our work, study and life. 互联网已经给我们的工作、学习和生活带来了许多变化。Contribute to本意是“对作贡献”，在不好的方面作贡献引申出“造成”，“导致” 的意思，相当于l

12、ead to 的用法。 用于好的方面则表示“促成”、“有助于”的意思。Cigarette smoking is believed to be a major factorcontributing tolung cancer. 吸烟被认为是导致肺癌的主要因素。Give rise to多见用于比较正式的表达，指“引发”、“ 引起”某种现象的出现。The great increase in food pricesgave rise toa lot of complaints. 食品价格的猛涨引起了许多不满。Responsible for本意是“对负责”，引申出“是造成的原因”。 result in、

13、 lead to、contribute to、give rise to 强调的是“果”，而responsible for侧重强调的是“因”。Global warming was one of the many factorsresponsible for theworst flooding indecades. 在这几个十年里，全球变暖是造成大洪水泛滥的诸多因素之一。24. 百分之 per cent 也写作percent。表示占某事物的百分比，用“数值+per cent+of”，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致。 百分比与不可数名词或单数名词连用作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 百分比与可数名词复数连

14、用作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。25. 野生生物的空间越来越少 less and less space for wildlife为让出空间，给腾出地方 make/have space for Room&space&place room指为某一目的所需的空间，侧重大小，尺寸等，是不可数名词。room表示“房间”，是可数名词room表示“房间”，是可数名词space指(个人)空间，表示万物存在之处,于time为相对概念。太空时是不可数名词。指空地，余地，间隔时，可以做可数名词，也可以做不可数名词。place表示“空地”，其含义通常比较具体，且往往指座位，有时与 seat 同义。如： Well tr

15、y to get places (=seats) at the front of the hall. 我们要设法弄到大厅前面的座位。26. 渔人不断捕鱼 fishermen keep fishing27. 结果，因此 as a result28. 中国政府 the Chinese government29. 有足够吃的食物 have enough food to eat (对某人而言)足够.做某事 形容词/副词+enough+(for sb)+to do sth30. 制定法律来预防所有这些事 make laws to prevent all these things31. 阻止某人做某事 p

16、reven sb (from) doing sth= stop sb. (from) doing sth. = keep sb. from doing sth. 某人一直在做 Keep sb doing32. 我们观鸟协会的成员们 the members of our Birdwatching Society33. 记录它们数量上的变化 record changes in their numbers34. 许多的游客 a lot of tourists名词后缀-er, -or和-ist名词后缀可以附在动词、名词、形容词等词后，构成名词。名词后缀-er, -or和-ist的用法如下：后缀用法例词

17、-er表示“从事某种职业的人，某地区、某地方的人”work-worker-or表示“从事某种职业的人，者”visit-visitor-ist表示“从事研究者，家”piano-pianist35. 从.数到. count from.to.fromto是介词短语，意为“从到”，既可用于连接时间，也可用于连接地点。数鸟 do a bird count36. 把某人/某物描述为. describe sb/sth as描述. give a description (of)37. 邀请某人去做某事 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人去某地 invite so to 地点38. 需要某人做某事

18、 need sb to do sth39. 了解的重要性 understand the importance of 使自己被理解；说清楚自己的意思 make oneself understood重要的 be of importance = be important40. 了解保护鸟类（的方法） learn about protecting wildlife41. 处于危险中 (自身) be in danger危险的（对别人造成危险） be dangerous42. 写下 write down sth43. 给鸟儿们拍照 take photos of the birds44. 让我加入他们学校的

19、旅行 let me join their school trip建议某人（不要）做某事advise sb (not) to do sth要求某人（不要）做某事ask sb (not) to do sth命令某人（不要）做某事order sb (not) to do sth教某人（不要）做某事teach sb (not) to do sth告诉某人（不要）做某事tell sb (not) to do sth允许某人做某事allow sb to do sth帮助某人做某事help sb (to) do sth让某人做某事make sb do st让某人做某事let sb do sth45. 看见某

20、人经常做某事或看见全过程 see sb do sth看见某人正在做 see sb doing sth46. 听见某人做某事 hear sb do sth(强调听见整个过程，属于一种回忆性描述) 听见某人正在做某事 hear sb doing sth(强调听见某人正在执行某个具体动作，属于现场及时描述)47. 穿一双舒服的鞋子 wear a pair of comfortable shoes48. 鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb to do sth49. 走很长一段路 walk a long way50. 飞到南方过冬 fly south for the winter = fly so

21、uth to spend the winter51. 捕鸟 hunt the birds52. 覆盖的面积 cover/have an area of 用.将.覆盖 cover sth with sth53. 平方千米 square kilometers54. 是的第二大家园 be the second-largest home to 是.的家园 be home to 植物、动物的产地，生长栖息地；发源地 the home of55. 庆祝世界湿地日 celebrate the World Wetlands Day56. 不仅。而且。（就近一致原则） not only but also 57.

22、 更清楚地看见 see sth more clearly58. 有些口渴 get thirsty59. 带本笔记本来记下你所看见的。 Take a notebook with you to write down what you see.60. 发出美妙的声音 make beautiful sounds Sound&noise&voiceSound指自然界中所有的声音，可指悦耳的声音也可指噪音Noise一般指很响的、刺耳的声音，及喧嚣，嘈杂声等Voice指人通过发音器官发出的声音（包括说话、唱歌等）61. 在鸟类展览上 at bird shows62. 把鸟儿涵盖在诗歌中 include bi

23、rds in their poems63. 是我们生活的一部分 be part of our lives64. 兴趣爱好 interests and hobbies65. 周日下午两点到五点 from 2 p.m. to 5p.m. on Sundays66. 介绍自己 introduce myself自我介绍 introduce oneself把A介绍或引荐 B introduce A to B67. 对感兴趣 be interested in (doing) sth68. 欣赏自然世界 enjoy the natural world69. 成为的一员 become a member of

24、70. 参加活动 take part in activities71. 打010-5558 6390找我 call me on 010-5558 6390写电子邮件到找我 email me at Call sb. on +电话号码，意为“拨号码给某人打电话”Email sb. at +电子邮箱，意为“给某人发邮件至邮箱”72. 写下，记下 write down 73. 走很长一段路 walk a long way74. 穿新皮鞋 wear new leather shoes75. 把垃圾丢那 leave litter there 76. 在将来 in the future77. 优美地歌唱 s

25、ing nicely78. 轻声地讲话 speak softly79. 明亮地照耀 shine brightly80. 上校车 get on the school bus81. 高声地谈论 talk loudly82. 礼貌地向我们打招呼 greet us politely 83. 仔细听 listen carefully84. 吓唬鸟 frighten the birds句子1. 你明天要做什么？ What are you going to do tomorrow? 我明天要去市场观鸟。 Im going birdwatching at the market. 2. 它是世界上最重要的湿地之

26、一。 It is one of the worlds most important wetlands.“one of+/其他限定词+形容词最高级+名词复数”指在某一范围内“最.之一”该结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数。3. 有些人想要缩小扎龙湿地的面积，以便有更多空间作为耕地和建筑用地。Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings.4. 越来越多的鸟处于危险之中，因为它们没有足够地点生存空间。More and more birds are in da

27、nger because they do not have enough living space5. 扎龙自然保护区位于中国东北黑龙江省。 Zhalong Nature Reserve is in Heilongjiang Province in North-east China.6. 该地区为很多野生生物提供了食物和栖息地。The area provides food and cover for a lot of wilde life.我们学校准备为贫困地区的学生们提供一些文具来帮助他们。Our school plans to help the students in poor areas

28、 by providing some stationery for them. =Our school plans to help the students in poor areas by providing them with some stationery.7. 我经常去市场上看鸟。 I often go the market to watch the birds.8. 鹤是什么样子的？ What do cranes look like?Look like 意为“看上去像，像.，似.，外貌特征是.问外貌 be like 范围更大一些，有时候既问性格也问外貌，偏重于问性格What do/d

29、oes sb. look like?的同义句可以做成What be sb. like?9. 世界上鸟儿所剩无几了。 There are not many birds left in the world.10. 一些人们想要把湿地变小以便能为农场和大楼腾出更多的空间。Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings.11. 每年许多游客去扎龙看鸟。 Every year, a lot of tourists go to Zhalong to watch

30、 the birds.12. 许多鸟长年生活在扎龙，而有些鸟则仅去那儿作短暂停留。Many birds live in Zhalong all year round, while some go there only for a short stay.这只狗一整天都在叫个不停。 The dog kept barking all day long.13. 世界上的鹤所剩不多，其中40%生活在扎龙。There are not many cranes left in the world, and 40 per cent of them live in Zhalong.我的班里40%的学生是女孩。 F

31、orty per cent of the students in my class are girls.西蒙80%的零花钱都用于买电脑游戏。Simon spends eighty per cent of his pocket money on computer games.14. 我们正邀请他们来帮助我们。 We are now inviting them to help us.15. 我们需要更多人来数鸟并对其进行描述。 We need more people to count and describe the birds.16. 盐城自然保护区有各种植物和稀有鸟类。 Yancheng Na

32、ture Reserve is home to different kinds of plants and rare birds.17. 随身携带一本笔记本以便你能记下你看见的事物。Take a notebook with you in order to write down what you see.18. 我们要求人们不要出于任何原因去捕鸟。 We ask people not to catch birds for any reason.19. Max讲有趣的笑话，经常使我大笑。 Max tells funny jokes and often makes me laugh.20. 她看见一

33、只小熊猫在喝妈妈的奶。 She saw a baby panda drink her mothers milk.21. 这将帮助人们理解湿地的重要性。This will help people (to) understand the importance of wetlands.22. 这个保护区占地超过4,530平方米。The reserve covers an area of over 4,530 square kilometers.23. 在那打猎和捕鱼是不对的 It is incorrect to hunt or fish there. 24. 如果我们不保护湿地，将来看到鸟类就不可能

34、了If we do not protect the wetlands,it will be impossible to see these birds in the future.25. 你最好随身带一副望远镜。 Youd better take a pair of binoculars.26. 我想要加入观鸟协会。 I would like to join the Birdwatching Society.27. 如果我能成为观鸟协会的一员我将十分开心。I will be very happy if I can become a member of the Birdwatching Soci

35、ety.语法动词不定式不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to + 动词原形”。不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时有“for + 名词或代词宾格”构成。1不定式的用法1）作主语。不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式宾语。如To see is to believe.It is right to give up smoking.2）作宾语。不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语。如：He wanted to go.I find it interesting to study history.3）作宾语补足语。在某些动词如tell, want, ask, would like, order等，构成“动词+sb+(not) to do sth”如：He asked me to do the work with him.注意：在feel，hear，notice，observe，see，watch，have，let，make，look at，listen to等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to；动词help作补足语的动词不定式可以