苏教版-牛津-译林版-初二-8A-Unit5-重要知识点(DOC 5页).doc

1、8A U5 知识点【welcome】1.wild 不可数名词“自然坏境，野生状态” in the wild 在野外，处于野生状态 adj.“野生的” wild animals 野生动物2. free adj.自由的，不受束缚的( freerfreest) be free/feel free to do sth随意做某事 adj.免费的；空闲的freely adv.无拘无束地；自由自在地 freedom n. 自由3. -So could you please not eat them? -No way! Could/Would you please (not) do sth? 一种表示请求的巨

2、型，语气比较委婉、客气。肯定回答：Sure./Of course./No problem.否定回答：Sorry,but I.Could you please not smoke in the library?Could you give me a hand?4. no way “不可能” 常用在口语中，表示不同意或拒绝。 还可以表示不相信或惊讶 “不会吧”5. pity 不可数名词 “同情，怜悯” have /take pity on. 同情 . 可数名词 “可惜，遗憾” 常用单数形式 what a pity! 真可惜！ 6.die vi.死 现在分词dying 过去式、过去分词died de

3、ath n.死亡 dead adj.死的 dying adj. 垂死的die of.死于.（疾病，年老，劳累等内部原因）die of lung cancer die from. 死于.（事故，地震，饥饿等外部原因）die from overwork ( hunger, a car accident)7.in fact事实上，实际上=actually(用于强调与实际情况恰恰相反)【reading】1. mean vt.意思是，意味着 过去式meant meaning n.意义，意思meaningful adj.有意义的meaningless adj.无意义的mean意为“意思是.”时，后接tha

4、t引导的宾语从句。The teacher meant that you must listen carefully.mean意为“意味着.”时，后接动名词（v-ing）作宾语。What he said means sending you to the hospital. mean还可以译为“打算，意图” ，后接动词不定式（to do）做宾语。 I dont mean to hurt you.2.not.any more=no more数量和程度上的“不再”常修饰短暂性动词 ，指某个动作不再重复发生，它所表达的是“never again”或“没有更多”not.any longer=no long

5、er时间或距离上的“不再”它一般修饰延续性动词，表示某个动作或状态不再延续下去现在的情况和过去的情况加以比较，所以多用于一般现在时no more和no longer放在行为动词的前面not.any more和not.any longer放在助动词和be动词的后面3. in the beginning一开始 =at firstat the beginning of. 在.的开始from beginning to end从头到尾4. learn to do sth.学会做某事 learnt/learnedlearn by oneself自学learn of/about了解关于.learn from

6、. 向.学习learn by heart背下来，背熟5.face vt.面临；面对 face your difficulty bravely 勇敢面对你的困难 n.脸 face to face面对面地 make faces 做鬼脸serious adj.严肃的 seriously adv.严重地；严肃地；认真地take seriously 认真对待。6. live on. 以食.为生live by. 靠.(手段)为生main adj. mainly adv.The people in the hotel were mainly foreign tourists. They eat mainly

7、 fruit and nuts.7.howeveradv.句首However , .句末. , however.but连词直接引出分句，表示转折，其后一般不用逗号8. as a result 因此as a result of.由于，因为；作为.的结果He was careless, as a result, he failed the exam.He failed the exam as a result of his carelessness.9.in danger 处境危险 out of danger脱险 dangerous adj. Its dangerous for sb. to do

8、 sth.safe adj. safely adv. safety n.danger-dangerous-dangerously 10. take action 采取行动 take action to do sth采取行动做某事 Actions speak louder than words.11. law make laws break the laws do sth. against the lawsby law 根据法律，依法12. right away立刻，马上 = at once/right now13.none&no one¬hingnone人/物+of作主语时，谓语动词用单

9、数或复数均可回答“how many/much”引导的特殊疑问句或含有“any+名词”的一般疑问句no one人/做主语时，谓语动词用单数回答“who”引导的特殊疑问句或含有anyone、anybody的一般疑问句nothing物/做主语时，谓语动词用单数回答“what”引导的特殊疑问句或含有anything的一般疑问句14.left 是leaved的过去分词，此处作none的后置定语，意为“剩下的，留下的 ”。过去分词作定语表示被动或完成。15.be important to sb/sth 对某人/某物来说重要16.at birth 出生时，诞生时Mans nature at birth is

10、 good.人之初，性本善。 from birth 自出生【grammar】1. with ones eyes closed/open眼睛闭着/睁着with+宾语+宾语补足语 在句中作伴随状语，该结构中的宾语补足语可以是adj./adv./介词短语/to do/现在分词/过去分词等2. work out 解答，计算出 ; 锻炼身体，做运动 ； 成功地发展The maths problem is so hard for me to work out.这道数学题非常难，我解答不出来。I work out regularly to keep fit.我经常做运动以保持健康。My first job

11、didnt work out. 我的第一份动作干的不好。3. with the help of.在.的帮助下with the help of sb=with sbs help4. lost adj.迷路的；迷失的 get lost=lose ones way 迷路 adj.丢失的；失去的 lost keys5. remember to do sth &remember doing sth6. the same(.) as 与.同样的 be different from. 与.不同7. save vt.储存，节省 save water vt.救，救助；保存 save ones life救某人的命

12、 8. where to find the food去哪里找食物 疑问词+ to do该结构可作主语，宾语或表语Where to live is a problem. （主语）I cant decide which coat to buy.(宾语)The main problem is where to work in this company.(表语）9. 情态动词may的用法（1） 含义：意为“也许；可能”，表示猜测某件事发生的可能性。（2） 用法：可用于各人称， 与动词原形连用，表示可能性，是一种不太有把握的推测。may表示“可能”时，通常只用于肯定句和否定句中，相当于possibly，

13、perhaps，maybe。（3） may be&maybemay be情态动词+动词原形“可能是”，用于句中，作谓语。maybe副词“也许”，用于句首，作状语。10.动词不定式作宾语当句子中已经有谓语动词，而我们又要表达不止一个动作概念时，其余的动词可以使用非谓语形式表达。动词不定式就是一种非谓语形式，其基本形式是“to+动词原形”。它在句中不可以作谓语，因此没有人称，数和时态的变化，其否定形式是“not+to+动词原形”Tara wants to play tennis after school.We decide not to go swimming in the river.常见的接动

14、词不定式作宾语的动词/短语agree,choose,decide,fail,hope,plan,would like等Wed like to go to Hong Kong tomorrow.ask,learn,show,teach,know等动词后可以接“疑问词+ to do”结构作宾语I dont know how to play the piano.like,love,begin,start等词后既可以接动词不定式，也可以接v-ing形式作宾语，意义差别不大I like singing, but I dont like to sing the songforget,remember,st

15、op,try等词后既可以接动词不定式，也可以接v-ing形式作宾语，但是意义不同forget/remember to do sth.(未做)forget/remember doing sth.（已做）stop to do sth.停止现在的事去做（另外一件）事stop doing sth. 停止现在做的事try to do sth.努力去做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事 在“find/think/feel+it+adj.+动词不定式（短语）”结构中，it为形式宾语，动词不定式（短语）为真正的宾语I find it difficult to learn a language well

16、.【integrated skills& study skills& task】 1. for a while一会儿after a while过了一会儿in a short while 很快；不久（以后）2. hunt vt.打猎，追捕 -hunter n.猎人 hunt for 寻找 3. catch vt.捉住，捕获 catch.for.为.而捕捉 vt.听清楚，理解 多用于否定句和疑问句 I cant catch a word.我一句都听不清。 vt.染上疾病 catch a cold染上风寒 catch up with sb = catch sb up赶上某人 4. living n.

17、生存，生计 make ones living by doing sth.谋生 = do sth. for a living adj.活着的 living things生物5. human-humans / human beings 6. Im sorry to hear that.“听到这些我很难过。”是听到某人遭遇不幸的事情时，为了表示难过或遗憾而常说的一句话。 7. What a shame/pity! to ones shame 使我惭愧的是8. lose vt.失去，被.夺去 lose ones life 丧生，失去某人的生命。 vt.输掉 lose the game loser (w

18、inner) loss n. the loss of the living areas9. sell-seller sth. sell well 某物畅销 sell out sth. 卖完 sale n. on sale 促销 for sale 待售10. act vi.行动 vi/vt 表演act-action n.行动；动作 active adj.活跃的 inactive actively adv.activity n.活动 actor/actress n.男/女演员11.ill-illness speak ill of = say bad words about sb.12.becaus

19、e of+名词/代词/v-ing because+从句 Our sports meeting was put off because of the heavy rain.Our sports meeting was put off because it rained heavily.13.accept “接受”，主观上接受 receive “收到”，强调客观上接到或收到，但主观上不一定接受。 I received his gift, but I didnt accept it.14.report n.报告 make a report做报告 a report on. 关于.的报告 vt.报告；汇报；报道 It is reported that. 据报道. report sth. to sb. reporter n. 15.move vi.活动 move around四处活动 vt.打动，使感动=touch movement n. 16.in the daytime 在白天 反义短语：at night17.slowly adv. more slowly, the most slowly18.otherwise adv.要不然，否则（逗号隔开） = or 7