新目标人教版八年级英语下册unit7全单元知识点归纳与总结及练习(DOC 20页).doc

1、Unit 7 W hats the highest mountain in the world?重难点解析一、重点短语1. as big as 与一样大 as.as 与.一样(形容词 副词) 同级比较 中间加形容词副词原型2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一 one of +the 形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最之一3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事4. as far as I know 据我所知 （可用在作文当中发表自己的观点） In my opioion5. in the world 在世界上 同义短语有： all ove

2、r the world around the world throughout the world 6. any other mountain 其他任何一座山7. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中8. run along 跨越 9. freezing weather 冰冻的天气10. take in air 呼吸空气11. the first people to do sth. 第一个做某事的人12. in the face of difficulties 面临危险13. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事14. achieve one s dream

3、 实现某人的梦想15. even though 虽然;尽管= even if as if= as though好像16. be awake 醒着 wake up 醒来， 叫醒17. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去18. walk into sb. 撞到某人19 fall over 摔倒20. take care of 照顾;照料=look after= care for take care 当心，保重21. every two years 每两年 表频率 相当于 once two years二、知识点详解1.Feel free to ask me anythin

4、g on todays Great Wall tour.在今天的长城游中，大家尽管问我任何问题，不要拘束。 feel free 是英语口语中一个常用表达。若有人让你 feel free to do something, 就 是让你无需拘束，只管按照自己的意愿去做某事。 e.g.A: Can I use your bathroom? 我可以用一下你的卫生间吗？ B: Yes, feel free.可以，请随意。2. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this.据我所知，再没有像它这样大的人造物体了。 as far

5、as I know 是一个固定的表达方式， 还可以说 so far as I know, 意思是据我所知。 e.g. Theyre not coming today, so far as I know.3.achievement n.成就；成绩 e.g.We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain.当我们到达山顶的时候，我们有一种巨大的成就感。 achieve v.达到；完成；成功 e.g.He will never achieve anything if he doesnt work

6、harder.4.southwestern adj.西南的；西南方向的 、e.g.Is this Southwestern Airline? 这是西南航空公司吗？ 5.include v.包含；包括 e.g.Her hobbies include swimming and gardening.6.condition n.条件；状况 e.g.The piano was in good condition. 7.take in 吸入；容纳 e.g.Fish take in oxygen through their gills.Take 常见短语： take off _ take out_take

7、away_take care_take up_take after_ take care of_8.succeed v.实现目标；成功 常用短语：succeed in doing sth.e.g.Police have finally succeeded in solving the mystery. Succeed词性转换 success_uccessful_successfully_8.challenge v.& n.挑战；考验 e.g.The job doesnt really challenge him.这项工作不能真正的考验他。 9.in the face of 面对（困难、问题等）

8、 e.g.In the face of difficulties, hes completely unafraid.。10.force n.力；力量 e.g.The thief took the money from the old man by force. 11.One of the worlds most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, one of + the + 形容词的最高级 + 复数名词，意为最之一eg: Miss Wang is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 12.I

9、t is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.It is + adj.+ to do sth.，Eg: Its very difficult to climb Qomolangma.13.Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.u difficulty 既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。作可数名词时通常用复数，表示具体概念，u 即：各式各样的 困难，难题，难事，如： Hes having finan

10、cial difficulties.u 作不可数名词时，译作困难，艰难，幸苦，如： She had great difficulty in understanding him.常见短语有：have difficulty in doing sth 在方面有困难 14.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. give up 意为放弃，后面可以接名词、代词或 v-ing 形式作宾语。 【注意】 如果其宾语是名词，那么名词可以放在 give 和 up

11、 之间，也可以放在 up 之后；如果其宾语是代词，那么代词只能放在 give 和 up 之间。Eg. Although English isnt easy to learn, I wont give it up.15.Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous? even though 用作从属连词，意为即使；尽管，相当于 even if，引导让步状语 从句，一般不与并列连词 but 连用。Eg: Mr.Wang will come on time even though it rai

12、ns.16.they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall over! run over 跑上前去e.g.She ran over to say hello, but I didnt recognize her.17. walk into （走路时意外）撞上 e.g.As he was thinking too deeply and not playing attention to where he was going, he walked straight into a

13、tree.18.over 摔倒；倒下 e.g.Dont run too fast, or you might fall over. fall over something 被某物绊倒 e.g.Tommy fell over the dog and broke his front teeth.Tommy 19. China has the largest population in the world.中国式世界上人口最多的国家。Population 人口 当前面有百分数，分数修饰的时候谓语动词用复数，没有则用单数Eg. The worlds population is increasing f

14、aster and faster.About 80% of the population in china are farmers. 问人口是多少切记：What is the population of 或者 How large is the population of Eg. What is the population of China? = How large is the population of China?【注意】一定不能用How many 或 how much；修饰population同样用的是large或small,不能用much 或many三、重点句型1. It is +a

15、dj. + (for sb. ) to do sth.Eg.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.u It is +adj+ of sb +to do sth 介词 for，of 的选择取决于前面的形容词，前面的形容词可以用来形容一个人的性格，品质特征用of 常见有：kind, clever, smart, foolish, 对事而言的话，则用for,常见有hard, easy, difficult, important, necessary等2. Although. “ ， 不可以与but连用Eg. Altho

16、ugh Japan is older than Canada，it is much smaller.3. sb. spend tim e/money doing/on sth.Eg. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.四、重点语法形容词副词的原级、比较级和最高级（一）原级句型：1. A is as+原级+ as+ B 表示A 与B一样eg: He is as tall as me.2.A is not as/so +原级+ as B表示A不如Beg:He is not as t

17、all as me.3.只能修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，too，so, enough, pretty等例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。（二）比较级句型u 可以修饰比较级的词，much，a lot，far，的多a little，a bit，一点儿even甚至，still仍然 Eg. Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。 Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。1.当句中有than 时则用比较级。eg:

18、He is fatter than me.2当句子中的比较对象为两者时用比较级：“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级，A or B？”eg: Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一个大，地球还是月球？3. “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。 eg.The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。u 加more构成比较级的形容词则用more and more +形容词表示越来越eg: English is more and more important.4. “the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越，

19、越”。Eg. The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes youll make.5.“A+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+”表示“A是两者中较的”。 Eg.Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.6.A+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)” 表示“A比同一范围的任何一个人/物都”，含义是“A最”。 Eg. The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.

20、=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.（三）最高级常用句型结构1“主语+be+the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“是中最的”。eg：Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.This apple is the biggest of the five.2“主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“是中最之一”。Eg：Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.3“特殊疑问

21、词+be+the+最高级+A，B，or C？”用于三者以上eg Which is the biggest? The moon,the sun or ths earth?4.”the +序数词+最高级+单数名词+范围”。表示是第几大（）eg: The Yellow River is the second longest river in China .【注意】形容词最高级之前要加the,但当最高级之前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时则不用加the eg: He is the best student in my class. He is my best friend.（四）形容词副词的规则与不规

22、则变化l 规则变化 1.一般在词尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est，eg. big-bigger-biggest5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级，例如，slowly-more slowly-most slowl

23、y；beautiful- more beautiful-most beautifull 不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurtheroldolderOldest(无血缘关系的)elderEldest（有血缘关系）五、课堂练习I用所给词的适当形式填空。1. The white shirts are as _(cheap) as the yellow ones.2. Which one is _ (popu

24、lar), football or basketball?3. The fifth orange is _ (big) of all. Give it to the young boy.4. Jasons has _(good) quality than Trendy Teens.5. Which city is _ (beautiful), Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?II.单项选择题1. Pop music is _music in the world. A .best of B .more better C .good of D. the best2. Of

25、all the students, Angie is the _but studies _than others.A .shorter, best B .shortest, better C .shortest, best D .shorter, better3. As students, we must work hard to make our country _.A .rich and stronger B .richer and stronger C .richer and stronger D .rich and strong4. John often talks _ but doe

26、s _, so all of us think he is a good boy.A .little, many B .few, fast C .less, more D. more, less5. The boy didnt run _ to catch the bus. A .fast enough B .enough fast C .quick enough C .enough quick6. Im sure you can jump as _as Jim if you wear your sports shoes. A .slow B .slower C .higher D .high

27、7. I dont think this question is _than that one .It is _of these questions.A. easier, more difficult B .easier, the most difficult C. easiest, more difficult D .easier, much more difficult 8. Mr Zhang is one of _in our school. A .the more popular teachers B .most popular teachers C .the most popular

28、 teachers D .the most popular teacher（一） 写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式： long_ _ wide _ _ fat _ _ heavy_ _ slow _ _ few_ _ brightly_ -_ bably _ _ far_ _ quickly _ _ happy_ -_ unhappy_ (二)用所给词的正确形式填空： 1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever). 2. Gold(黄金) is _ (little) useful than iron(铁). 3. My sister i

29、s two years _ (old ) than I. 4. Johns parents have four daughters, and she is the _ (young) child. 5. The _ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones. 6. The short one is by far _ expensive of the five. 7. The boy is not so _ (interesting) as his brother. 8. Dick sings _ (well), she sings _(wel

30、l) than John, but Mary sings_(well) in her class. 9. She will be much _ (happy) in her mew house. 10. This dress is _ that.(twice, asas, expensive)英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级练习题1. This box is_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy thanC. heavier as D. as heavy as2 When we speak to people, we should be .A. as polit

31、e as possible B. as polite as possiblyC. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly3 This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensiveD. more difficult as; as expensive4 I think the story is not s

32、o _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting5 His father began to work_ he was seven years old.A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while21. I think science is _ than Japanese.A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important( ) 2

33、 This pencil is_ than that one. longest B. long C. longer D. as long( ) 3 My mother is no _ young.A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few( ) 4 These children are _ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller( ) 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ to

34、day.A. even hotter B. more hotterC. much more hot D. much hot6. Mrs Black has got_ instead of getting any better.A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse3( ) 1 When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_ students.A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite2 T

35、he house is small for a family of six.A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so3 Through the window we can see nothing but _ buildings.A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall4 -Whats your brother like?-He is_.A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school5 The jac

36、ket was so_ that he decided to buy it. ,A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl6 Our classroom is_ larger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much4( ) 1 The earth is about_ as the moon.A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big( ) 2 Your room is mine.

37、A. twice as large than B. twice the size ofC. bigger twice than D. as twice large as( ) 3 Your room is _ than mine.A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times( ) 4 His father is_than his mother. ;A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. b

38、igger four years5( ) 1 Maths is more popular than_.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject( ) 2 China is larger than _ in Africa (W).A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country J 1%D. any country( ) 3 Tom is stronger than _ in his class.A. any other

39、boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy6( ) 1 When spring comes, it gets_.A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter) 2 By and by, _ students in our class came to like English. A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least) 3 At last he b

40、egan to cry _.A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder) 4 When spring comes the days get _ and nights _.A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer71_ I look at the picture, _ I like it.A. The best; the more B. The more; th

41、e lessC. The more; less D. More; the more2 _ he read the book, _ he got in it. A. The more; the more interestingB. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested 3 _ you come back, _ it will be.A, The quicker; the best B. The sooner; the better C. Faster; th

42、e better D. The sooner; better81 I like_ one of the two books.A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older( )2 Which is_country, China or Japan?A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest( ) 3 Of the two cups, he bought .A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small D: smaller9( ) 1 Which do you like

43、 _, tea or coffee?A. well B. better C. best D. most( ) 2 This work is _ for me than for you.A. difficult B. most difficultC. much difficult D. more difficult( ) 3 Which do you think tastes _, the chicken or the fish?A. good B. better C. best D. well( ) 4 The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high to

44、day, but it was onceA. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high( ) 5 Dont you think it _ not to write the letter?A A. well , B. better C. best D. good10( ) 1 Who jumped_of all?A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far( ) 2 Li Lei is_ student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest( ) 3 The fifth orange is_ of all. Give it to that small child.A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest( )4 Who is-of you three?A. the oldest B. much older