新外研版八年级上册英语M8知识点梳理和总结(超齐全和整洁)综述(DOC 8页).doc

1、 个性化教学辅导教案学科: 英语 任课教师： 老师 授课时间：2014年 12月 13 日 姓名年级： 初二教学课题 八上M8 单元知识点讲解阶段 基础（ ） 提高（ ） 强化（ ）课时计划第（ ）次课 共（ ）次课教学目标知识点：M8重要单词，短语和句型等的应用考点：相关知识的考点和用法方法：讲练法重点难点重点：本章单词，词组及句型的灵活运用； 难点：过去进行时态及本章单词，词组及句型的灵活运用；教学内容与教学过程课前检查作业完成情况：优 良 中 差 建议_ M8U1.基本词汇1. pale adj. _2. _ n. 出现；显露3. round prep. _4. _ n. 拐角；街角5.

2、 _ v. （使）碰撞6. _ adj. 高兴的；欢喜的7. risk n. _8. _ n. 注意力9. _ n. （物体或形状的）侧面.基本词组1. 等待做某事 _2. cross the road _3. 及时 _4. 从跌落 _5. 考虑 _6. 注意；留心 _7. 并排地；肩并肩地 _.基本句型1. 我在等待过马路。 I _ _ to cross the road.2. 当灯变红色的时候，一辆汽车突然出现在拐角处。 _ the lights _ _ to red, a car suddenly appeared round the corner.3. 司机正在打手机。 The dri

3、ver _ _ on his mobile phone.4. 当你骑自行车的时候，考虑一下事故的风险吧！ _ youre on your bike, think about the risk of an accident!.词汇拓展appear v. 出现，显露。 【知识拓展】appearance n.出现，外貌，外观，外表 appear还可以作系动词，意为“似乎，看起来好像，显得”。 appear + (to be) adj./n. 似乎，好像，显得 appear to do sth. 似乎做某事 appear to sb. + 从句 在某人看来round prep 在附近。 【知识拓展】同

4、义词是around，另外round还有形容词词性，意为“圆的， 圆形的”，a round face一张圆脸hit v. (使)碰撞。【知识拓展】hit作为动词还可意为“（用手或器具）击，打” hit sb. in the face(on the back) 打某人耳光（后背）risk n. 危险，风险。 【知识拓展】face/run/take the risk of 冒的危险 at any risk 无论冒什么危险 at risk 处在危险中重点句型导学I was waiting to cross the road. 我正在等待过马路wait to do sth. 意为“等待做某事”。【注意】

5、wait也可作不及物动词，意为“等待；等候”，后若跟宾语要用wait for。如：They are waiting for the bus. 他们正在等公共汽车。cross the road意为“过马路”，其中cross是动词，意为“穿过；越过”【词语辨析】cross与across的区别cross是动词，意为“穿过；越过”，同go/walk across。across是介词，意为“穿过；越过”，强调从表面穿过。【例】根据句意写出所缺的单词 Be careful to look both ways before you _ the street.While the lights were cha

6、nging to red, a car suddenly appeared round the corner. 当灯开始变红色的时候，一辆汽车同然出现在拐角处。appear是动词，意为“出现；显露”【知识拓展】disappear是appear的反义词，disappear意为“消失”，其中dis是否定前缀。以dis为否定前缀的词有： + agree = disagree 反对 dis + like = dislike 不喜欢 + appear = disappear 消失 + able = disable 使伤残 【例】用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 We couldnt see the plan

7、e. It _ (appear).Dont ride side by side with your friends. 不要和你的朋友并排骑车。本句中的side by side意为“并排地；肩并肩地”。【知识拓展】常见的符合“名词+介词+名词”结构的短语还有：hand in hand手挽手face to face面对面day by day 一天天地step by step逐步课堂检测从方框中选出合适的词，并用其正确形式填空pale，appear，corner，glad，hit1. She was angry and she _ me on the head with a book.2. I wa

8、s very _ to see Lisa. She was pleased to see me, too.3. You look _. Whats the matter with you? My mother is ill. I am worried about her.4. There is a shoe shop round the _.5. A stranger_ at the door of the classroom. He wanted to talk with our teacher. M8U2.基本词汇1. _ v. 咬；叮2. _ v. 爬；攀登3. _ v. 躲；躲藏4.

9、_ v. 扔；掷5. _ n. 冰箱6. hurt v. _7. pain n. _8. _ adj. 更糟的；更坏的 adv. 更糟；更严重9. _ n. 药，药物.基本词组1. 爬出来 _2. 捡起 _3. 拍一张照片 _4. begin to do sth. _5. in pain _.基本句型1. 一天，当亨利正在一家饭店工作时，一条蛇突然出现并咬到了他的手。One day, when Henry _ _ in a restaurant, a snake suddenly appeared and bit his hand.2. 当它又咬我的时候，我正试图把它抓起来。I _ _ to

10、pick it up when it bit me again.3. 当那条蛇躺在桌子上时，亨利迅速抓起他的手机并用它拍了一张照片。 _ the snake _ _ on the table, Henry quickly picked up his mobile phone and took a photo with it.4. 他们无法帮助他，因为他们不知道是哪一种蛇咬了他。They couldnt help him _ they didnt know what kind of snake _ _.词汇拓展bite v. 叮，咬。 【知识拓展】过去式bit；过去分词bitten；现在分词bi

11、ting。 bite也有名词词性，是可数名词，复数加s，意为“咬，咬一 口”，（食物的）一口（之量）。 climb v. 爬；攀爬。 【固定搭配】climb the mountain/hill/tree/wall 爬山/树/墙 go climbing 去爬山 climb up 爬上throw v. 扔；掷。过去式 threw，过去分词thrown。 【固定搭配】throw sth. at 朝扔某物 throw away 扔掉 throw it like that 像那样把它扔出去 throw sth. to sb. 向某人扔某物 hurt v. 感到疼痛。 【词语辨析】wound，injure

12、，hurtwound一般指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、尤指在战争、战斗中受伤。injure一般指由于意外或事故而造成损伤。hurt是一般用语，可以指身体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害，特指伴有疼痛的肉体上的伤害。【例】I had to break up you although I didnt want to _ your feelings. A. wound B. injure C. hurt D. lendpain n. 痛，疼痛。 【固定搭配】feel a pain/pains in the head/the chest/the stomach 感觉头/胸/胃痛 【词语辨析】pain，achep

13、ain是一般用语，指（人）身体的或精神上的痛都可以，一般用于比ache更为严重的疼痛。ache指（人）身的疼痛，往往用于持续的伤痛，或因一些小病引起的感觉，常常是局部的，另外ache常常可以与表示痛的部位的词连用。如：headache头痛，toothache牙痛，stomachache胃痛。medicine n. 药，药物 【固定搭配】have/take medicine 服/吃药 【知识拓展】形容词：medical医学的，医疗的.重点句型导学As he was lying there in great pain, Henry suddenly remembered the photo.当他忍

14、着巨大的疼痛躺在那里的时候，亨利突然想起了那张照片。本句中的in great pain是固定搭配，意为“巨大的疼痛”，in pain是固定搭配，意为“疼痛”。as引导时间状语从句，主语是Henry suddenly remembered the photo，从句是As he was lying there in great pain.【知识拓展】as还有如下词性和含义：prep. 作为；当作She works as an interpreter in that company.她在那家公司里担任翻译员。conj. 如同；按照Do as I do.像我这样做。conj. 因为；由于As it w

15、as raining, I stayed at home.由于下雨我便待在家里。【例】Mrs.Black doesnt agree to keep a cat _ a pet because she hates cats. A. for B. on C. as D. withAs soon as they learnt what kind of snake bit him, they gave Henry the right medicine, and he left hospital the next day. 他们一知道哪种蛇咬了他，他们就给亨利开了适合的药，然后第二天他就离开了医院。本句

16、含有as soon as引导的时间状语，主句是they gave Henry the right medicine，从句是as soon as they learnt what kind of snake bit him，该从句中的what kind of snake bit him是宾语从句，作动词learnt的宾语。【注意】as soon as是连词，引导时间状语从句。当主句是一般将来时时，从句要用一般现在时来代替将来时。 【例】When will your aunt leave for Shanghai? I dont know, but Ill call you as soon as

17、she _.A. leaves B. will leave C. left 根据汉语翻译句子1. 我的双腿还痛着呢。 Both my legs are still _ _.2. 我想拍一张树叶的照片。 I want to _ _ _ of tree leaves.3. 利萨说她能自己完成那件事。 Lisa said that she _ _ _ finish it by herself. 4. 吃点药吧，你很快就会感觉好很多。 _ _ _, and you will feel better soon. 5. 我不知道它是哪种鸟。 I didnt know _ _ _ _ _ _.书面表达请根据

18、表格提供的信息描述昨晚8点停电时以下四个人的情况，内容可以适当发挥。短文起始部分已给出。Mr Zhengwatch a basketball match; listen to the radio later Aliceplay the piano; stop to have a restTomdo some reading; go to bed laterMrs Liin the lift; cant get outWhen the light went out at eight oclock yesterday evening, Mr Zheng was_ M8U3.基本词组1. 摔倒 _2

19、. 和平常一样 _3. tell sb. to do sth. _4. promise to do sth. _5. 起飞 _6. 作决定 _.基本句型1 当他给我打电话的时候，我正在上课。I _ _ a lesson _ he called me.2 我正在街道上散步的时候，我遇到了我的一个老朋友。I met one of my old friends_ I _ _ on the street.3 詹尼为什么在跑？_ was Jenny running?4 你们正在做什么？_ were you doing?5 他们正在哪里打牌？_ were they playing cards?重点句型导学

20、US Airways Flight 1549 took off as usual from an airport in New York.美国1549航班像平常一样从纽约的一个机场起飞。本句中的take off是动词短语，意为“起飞”。它还有“脱掉”之意。【知识拓展】 take off 起飞（反义词是land“着陆”） 脱掉（反义词是put on“穿上”）易错易混词汇解析across，through与over over across through across across指从表面穿越，可和street，bridge等搭配。through指从立体空间穿越，可和forest，city，wind

21、ow等搭配。over指越过高的障碍物等。【例】Dont drive so fast! We must slow down when we drive _ the tunnel. A. past B. across C. over D. through过去进行时when，while的用法when，while是引导时间状语从句常见的连词，它们的搭配通常是这样的： 主句的时态连词从句的时态过去进行时when一般过去时过去进行时while过去进行时一般过去时while过去进行时【注意】1.when表示“当时候”。when从句中谓语动词既可用延续性动词，又可用非延续性动词，这些动词既可以表示动作，又可以

22、表示状态。 2.while表示“在的时候；在期间”。它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中。while从句中德谓语动词必须是表示动作或状态的延续性动词。 3.谈论两个同时进行的延续性动作多用while。【例】I _ along the road when I saw Peter. So we stopped and had a chat. A. walked B. was walkingC. would walk D. had walked【中考模拟全练】1.（2013广东）Who are you waiting _? My mother. A. for B.

23、in C. on D. to2. (2013广东) What were you doing at 9 pm last night?I _ with Tony. A. was watching TV B. watched TVC. were watching TV 3. (2012贵州) Its impolite to cut in line when you_ a bus at the bus stop. A. ask for B. look forC. care for D. wait for4. (2011北京) What were you doing this time yesterda

24、y?I _ on the grass and drawing a picture. A. sit B. satC. am sitting D. was sitting5. (2010贵州) “Judy, its raining so heavily.” “Yes, but the radio says it will be even_ tomorrow.” A. worse B. bad C. worst 6. (2012宁夏) I _ housework when my aunt came. A. am doing B. did C. was doing D. have done7. (20

25、12黄冈) Sandy, I called you at 9:00 last night, but nobody answered the phone.Im sorry. We _ a birthday party _ Jerry.A. had，with B. were having，for C. are having，for D. had，for8. (2012上海) The students _ the Art Festival when I passed by their school.A. celebrate B. were celebratingC. will celebrate D

26、. have celebrated9. (2012河北) Where were you this morning? I _ in the supermarket. A. will shop B. am shopping C. was shopping D. have shopped10. (2012广东) Jenny _ in the kitchen when you called her at 5 oclock this afternoon. A. is cooking B. was cooking C. cooks D. cooked11. (2012永州) I _ TV when my

27、parents came back. A. am watching B. was watching C. watched12. (2012成都) I want to know when Mr. Brown will arrive. When he _，I will tell you. A. will arrive B. arrived C. arrives13. (2012南宁) A woman with two children _ along the street at the moment. A. is walking B. are walking C. walk D. walks14.

28、 (2012攀枝花) Betty, could you answer my question? Sorry, Mr Green. I didnt hear you. I _ about something else. A. was thinking B. am thinkingC. think D. thought15. (2011长沙) When I came back yesterday evening, my brother _ his homework. A. is doing B. has done C. was doing完形填空It was a very cold morning

29、. Some children were1on the ice. It was snowing2but they enjoyed themselves there. Mike, the tallest boy, skated fast and he3that there was a hole4the ice. He 5 into the water. The other children called out loudly for help.6at that moment a young worker7by and heard them. He put his bike by the side

30、 of the river8ran to them. When he pulled Mike out of the9, he was all wet. Then he sent Mike to a hospital.10that the young man hurried to work.1. A. walking B. skating C. sitting D. standing2. A. hardly B. heavy C. big D. heavily3. A. didnt see B. cant see C. not see D. dont see4. A. on B. in fron

31、t of C. in the front of D. in5. A. jumped B. felt C. sat D. feel6. A. Just B. Only C. When D. While7. A. passed B. pass C. past D. passing8. A. so B. but C. just D. then9. A. ice B. snow C. rain D. water10. A. Before B. After C. And D. Then课后巩固作业_; 巩固复习_; 预习布置_签字学科组长签字： 学习管理师:老师课后赏识评价老师最欣赏的地方：老师的建议：备注9