广东语法填空之形容词和副词q课件.ppt

1、1.朗读下列句子朗读下列句子,看看形容词可作哪些成分。看看形容词可作哪些成分。Abraham Lincoln was a self-made man.林肯是一个自学成才的人。林肯是一个自学成才的人。He is unwell.He fells faint.他身体不舒服他身体不舒服,感到头晕。感到头晕。熟读深思熟读深思 定语定语表语表语 Martin found the work slightly dull.马丁发现这工作稍稍有点枯燥。马丁发现这工作稍稍有点枯燥。I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。我有重要的事情要告诉你。宾补宾补后

2、置定语后置定语请比较并体会以下句子请比较并体会以下句子 He is frightened.He is frightening.He has a frightened look on his face.He has a frightening look on his face.I read an interested expression on his face.I read an interesting expression on his face.1.After hearing the _news,he gave a speech in an _voice.(excite)2.Ten yea

3、rs later,the old friends met again,and _tears came into their eyes.(excite)3.From the valley came a _voice and we were all _.(frighten)excitingexcitedexcitedfrighteningfrightened4.The old man put down the phone,with a _(satisfy)look.5.Mr.wu is really _(amuse)and he tells jokes when he thinks were ge

4、tting _(bore).satisfiedamusingbored2.副词在句中作状语副词在句中作状语,看看可修饰看看可修饰哪些词。哪些词。He said quite positively that he would come.他很肯定地说他会来。他很肯定地说他会来。修饰动词修饰动词 Its simply wonderful to see you！看！看到你真太好了！到你真太好了！I heard pretty clearly then.我当时听我当时听得相当清楚。得相当清楚。修饰形容词修饰形容词修饰另一副词修饰另一副词 Your coat is just behind the door.你

5、你的上衣正好在门后面。的上衣正好在门后面。Frankly,I am not satisfied with your work.坦白说坦白说,我对你的工作不满意。我对你的工作不满意。修饰句子修饰句子修饰介词短语修饰介词短语 高考高考 链接链接 2012广东卷节选广东卷节选 For some reason he sat beside Mary.Mary felt _(please),because there were many empty seats in the room.【解析】【解析】pleased2012山东卷改编山东卷改编 Be _(reason)you cant expect me

6、to finish all this work in so little time.【解析】【解析】reasonable句意：理性句意：理性一点吧，你别指望我一点吧，你别指望我 2012安徽卷改编安徽卷改编 Queen Elizabeth is often thought to be the richest woman in the world._,her personal wealth seems rather small.【解析】【解析】However2012辽宁卷改编辽宁卷改编 We used to see each other _(regular),but I havent heard

7、 from him since last year.【解析】【解析】regularly。句意：我们。句意：我们过去时常见面，但是自从去年我就过去时常见面，但是自从去年我就失去了他的音讯。失去了他的音讯。返回目录返回目录 正 面 解 读1.形容词是作定语、表语、补语的典型词形容词是作定语、表语、补语的典型词类。因此，在做语法填空时，若句子缺定类。因此，在做语法填空时，若句子缺定语、表语或补语，要首先想到用形容词。语、表语或补语，要首先想到用形容词。2.副词在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子。副词、介词短语或整个句子。归纳总结归纳总结 1.

8、_(exhaust),Li Qing slid into bed and fell fast asleep.2_(lucky),he passed the exam.ExhaustedLuckily形容词作状语是形容主语的性质，形容词作状语是形容主语的性质，如：如：He arrived home,hungry and tired他到家时又累又饿。他到家时又累又饿。比较：比较：He walked home slowly.他慢慢地步行回家了。他慢慢地步行回家了。返回目录返回目录 正 面 解 读 2:有些副词：有些副词：fortunately,luckily,surprisingly,honestl

9、y,actually,personally 等作等作评注评注性状语性状语往往修饰整个句子，对整个句子进往往修饰整个句子，对整个句子进行说明或解释，行说明或解释，表示说话人的态度与看法表示说话人的态度与看法。通常位于句首，常用逗号与句子分开。如：通常位于句首，常用逗号与句子分开。如：Surprisingly,no one in the class could work out the problem.Personally,I dont think he will interview you.归纳归纳 1形容词在句中主要作定语、表语和宾语补足语，但形容词在句中主要作定语、表语和宾语补足语，但有时也

10、作状语，有时也作状语，表示伴随、原因等表示伴随、原因等。如。如：He walked in the snow,cold and hungry.(伴随状语伴随状语)Afraid of difficulties,they took the easy road.(原因状语原因状语)2副词作状语主要是用作副词作状语主要是用作修饰性状语修饰性状语、评注性状语评注性状语及及连接性状语连接性状语。其中后两种状语是考查的重点。如。其中后两种状语是考查的重点。如：He spoke English fairly fluently.(修饰性状语修饰性状语)Fortunately,none of them was hu

11、rt.(评注性状语评注性状语)His first response was to say no.Later,however,he changed his mind.(连接性状语连接性状语)返回目录返回目录 正 面 解 读注意注意不要把连接性副词当连词使用不要把连接性副词当连词使用。【误】【误】He takes no interest in studies,instead,he plays tennis all day.【正】【正】He takes no interest in studies;instead,he plays tennis all day.【正】【正】He takes no i

12、nterest in studies.Instead,he plays tennis all day.【误】【误】The house is not big enough for us，besides,it is too far from town.【正】【正】The house is not big enough for us,and besides,it is too far from town.【正】【正】The house is not big enough for us.Besides,it is too far from town.1：形容词：形容词副词副词 形容词变副词的规则形容词

13、变副词通常是形容词变副词的规则形容词变副词通常是加加ly,其变化有规律可循其变化有规律可循,请记住以下口诀：请记住以下口诀：一一般直接加，般直接加，“元元e”去去e加，加，“辅辅y”改改i加，加，“le”结尾结尾e改改y。具体规则如下：具体规则如下：1.一般情况下直接加一般情况下直接加“ly”，如：，如：quick-quickly;polite-politely;sad-sadly;imediate-immediately;recent-recently 2.少数以少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加再加-ly。如：。如：true-truly;due-duly 绝大多数辅音字

14、母加绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加结尾的形容词直接加-ly。如：。如：polite-politely;wide-widely;wise-wisely;nice-nicely 3.以以“y”结尾的，且读音为结尾的，且读音为/i/，先将先将“y”改成改成“i”，再加再加“ly”，如：，如：happy-happily;heavy-heavily;angry-angrily;busy-busily 但是如果读音为但是如果读音为/ai/，直接加直接加ly，如：，如：dry-dryly;sly-slyly;shy-shyly 4.以以ic 结尾的词，加结尾的词，加ally，如：，如：economi

15、c-economically;basic-basically;scientific-scientifically;automatic-automatically;energetic-energetically;但是但是public-publicly 例外。例外。5.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加le结尾时结尾时,去去e加加y，如：，如：simple-simply;considerable-considerably;terrible-terribly gentle-gently;possible-possibly;probable-probably;incredible-incredibly 6.以以

16、-ll结尾时，只须加结尾时，只须加 y，如：，如：dull-dully;shrill-shrilly2：名词：名词形容词形容词后后 缀缀 例例 词词 后后 缀缀 例例 词词-alindustrial national-an European American-ern eastern northern -able reasonable believable-ful careful mouthful-ish childish selfish-ive active creative-y dirty thirsty windy-en golden wooden -ary imaginary revol

17、utionary-ic realistic historic-some troublesome lonesome-like childlike womanlike -lyfriendly lovely-lesscareless harmless不变词性的前缀和后缀不变词性的前缀和后缀前缀前缀含含 义义例例 词词dis-不，否定不，否定dissatisfy使不满意使不满意 dishonest 不诚实不诚实un-不不unable 不能够不能够 unlucky 不幸的不幸的un-相反动作相反动作undress脱衣服脱衣服 unload 卸货卸货in-im-ir-il-不，非不，非inactive 不

18、活跃的不活跃的 incorrect 不正确的不正确的impolite不有礼貌的不有礼貌的 impossible不可能的不可能的irregular 不规则的不规则的 irresponsible不负责任不负责任的的illogical 不合逻辑的不合逻辑的 illegal 非法的非法的non-不，非不，非non-existent不存在的不存在的 non-stop 直达的直达的mis-错误的，坏的错误的，坏的misunderstand 误解误解 misfortune 厄运厄运,不幸不幸考点二：形容词、副词的比较级形容词、副词的比较级 1比较结构的使用原则：比较结构的使用原则：规则规则1：同级比较要使用

19、：同级比较要使用：(1)asadj./adv.as；(2)asadj.名词名词as。规则规则2：比较级前可用：比较级前可用much，far，a lot，a little，a bit，rather，even，still，a great deal等表示等表示程度，但比较级前不能再用程度，但比较级前不能再用more。如：。如：She sings far/much better than the others.她唱得比别人好得多。她唱得比别人好得多。规则规则3：比较级用于否定句中表示最高级的意思。：比较级用于否定句中表示最高级的意思。如：如：It cant be worse.不可能再糟糕了不可能再糟糕

20、了。There is no greater love than that given by parents in the world.父母之爱，是世间最伟大的爱父母之爱，是世间最伟大的爱。规则规则4：最高级可用：最高级可用by far，nearly，by no means和序数词等修饰，置于最高级之前。如和序数词等修饰，置于最高级之前。如：He is the second tallest boy in our class.2倍数表达法的三种基本句式倍数表达法的三种基本句式 规则规则1：A is倍数倍数as原级原级as B如：如：This tree is three times as tall

21、as that one.这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。规则规则2：A is倍数比较级倍数比较级than B如：如：The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.这本字典比那本恰好这本字典比那本恰好贵贵5倍。倍。规则规则3：A is倍数倍数the size/length/weight/heightof B如：如：The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。新扩建的广场

22、是未扩建时的四倍大。3.固定句式固定句式 规则规则1：“the比较级比较级，the比较比较级级”结构，意为结构，意为“越越，越，越”。规则规则2：“比较级比较级and比较级比较级”结构，结构，意为意为“越来越越来越”，表示程度逐渐变化。，表示程度逐渐变化。如：如：Our life is getting better and better.我们的生活越来越好。我们的生活越来越好。1.Boris has brains.In fact,I doubt whether anyone in the class has a_(high)IQ.2.How cold it is!Weve never had

23、a_(cold)day this winter.3.How beautifully she sings!I have never heard a _(good)voice.highercolderbetter【2011广东卷节选广东卷节选】If he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back,he was wrong.It might have made it a little _(hard)for everybody because it meant they had to turn around,but that di

24、dnt stop the kids in the class.【解析】【解析】harder返回目录返回目录 正 面 解 读 高考高考 链接链接 The result is not very important to us,but if we do win,then so much the _(good)【解析】【解析】better句意：这结果对我们来句意：这结果对我们来说不是很重要，但如果我们真的赢了，那说不是很重要，但如果我们真的赢了，那就更好了。就更好了。【2012课标全国卷课标全国卷】【2011广东卷节选广东卷节选】I left it early because I had an app

25、ointment _(late)that day.【解析【解析】later 2008广东卷节选广东卷节选 he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.he did so the next dayhe felt very happy since the crop did“grow”_(high).【解析【解析】higher【2010】The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be _(sweet).【解析【解析】sweeter

26、在班会课上，班主任让我们介绍一位在在班会课上，班主任让我们介绍一位在平时的学习和生活中能够成为你学习榜样的平时的学习和生活中能够成为你学习榜样的人物。假如李明是你从小到大的朋友，而你人物。假如李明是你从小到大的朋友，而你对他刻苦、勤奋和懂事很钦佩，因此，决定对他刻苦、勤奋和懂事很钦佩，因此，决定向全班同学介绍李明的情况。内容包含以下向全班同学介绍李明的情况。内容包含以下要点：要点：写作运用写作运用姓名姓名 李明李明年龄年龄15岁岁基本基本情况情况1.在他在他5岁时岁时,他的父母亲在一次车祸中他的父母亲在一次车祸中去世去世,除了一个姐姐外除了一个姐姐外,没有其他的亲人没有其他的亲人了了,因此他从

27、小就比其他小孩更懂事；因此他从小就比其他小孩更懂事；2.在班上在班上,没人比他更勤奋没人比他更勤奋,成绩也是班成绩也是班上最好的；上最好的；3.每天他都是最早到学校、最晚一个离每天他都是最早到学校、最晚一个离开的；开的；4.他总是认为他总是认为“不会读书写字的人和瞎不会读书写字的人和瞎子没什么两样子没什么两样”。Li Ming,boy of 15,is my good friend.At the age of 5,his parents died in a traffic accident,and he has no relatives other than his elder sister,

28、which makes him more sensible than other children.In study,nobody can be more diligent than he in his class and he is always the best student in the eyes of his teachers.Every day he is the first to get to the school and the last to leave.He always believes that one who can not read and write is no better than a blind man.