初中名词复习课件.ppt

1、 名词复习名词复习 一、考查重点一、考查重点二、考查重点讲解二、考查重点讲解1.可数名词与不可数名词可数名词与不可数名词2.名词的单数与复数名词的单数与复数3.名词所有格名词所有格4.单位词单位词5.名词作定语名词作定语e.g a drop of water中考英语总复习中考英语总复习即可做不可数名词，又可做可数名词的：即可做不可数名词，又可做可数名词的：不可数名词不可数名词 可数名词可数名词 paper 纸 paper glass 玻璃 glass room 空间 room chicken 鸡肉 chicken beauty 美 beauty试卷，论文试卷，论文玻璃杯玻璃杯房间房间小鸡小鸡美

2、人美人1.cap-caps task-tasks star-stars tree-trees stomach-stomachs house-houses exercise-exercises2.bus-buses box-boxes watch-watches dish-dishes3.shelf-shelves lifelives knife-knives leaf-leaves wifewives half-halves4.storystories babybabies countrycountries partyparties/daydays boy-boys toy-toys5.pot

3、ato-potatoes hero-heroes tomatotomatoes radioradios pianopianos zoo-zoos可数名词的复数形式可数名词的复数形式规则变化规则变化不规则变化不规则变化1.特殊变化：特殊变化：2.单复同形单复同形 manmen gentlemangentlemen policemanpolicemen womanwomen footfeet toothteeth goosegeese mousemice child childrensheep sheep fish fish deer deer aircraft aircraftChinese C

4、hinese Japanese Japanese3.表示表示“某国人某国人”的名词，其变化有三种情况的名词，其变化有三种情况 a.a Japanese five Japanese (e.g Chinese)b.a Frenchman two Frenchmen (e.g Englishman Englishwoman)c.a German five Germans (e.g Russian American Indian)4.常以复数形式出现的名词常以复数形式出现的名词trousers glasses shortssocks physics news clothes woods5.复合名词的复

5、数形式复合名词的复数形式a.将主体名词变为复数将主体名词变为复数e.g:a boy studentboy students a flower shopflower shops a dining room dining roomsb.当名词的第一个构成部分为当名词的第一个构成部分为man或或woman时，时，将将2个构成部分均变为复数个构成部分均变为复数e.g:a woman teacher two women teachers a man nurse two men nurses名词的所有格名词的所有格1.最基本的：最基本的：Mikes bag the boys knife2.为为 2人共同所

6、有，在最后一个名词后加人共同所有，在最后一个名词后加-s;若不是若不是 2人共同所有，则在人共同所有，则在 2个名词后都加个名词后都加-se.g 珍妮和海伦的房间珍妮和海伦的房间 珍妮的房间和海伦的房间珍妮的房间和海伦的房间Jenny and Helens roomJennys and Helens room3.无生命的东西一般用无生命的东西一般用“of+名词名词”的形式表示其所有格的形式表示其所有格e.g the door of the room the wall of the park4.有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体的等无生有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体的等无生 命的东西，也

7、可以加命的东西，也可以加-s 构成所有格构成所有格e.g 2小时路程小时路程 北京最好的公园北京最好的公园 今日报纸今日报纸 车站休息室车站休息室 two hours walkBeijings best park todays newspaper the stations waiting-room my teachers office students exercise books Childrens Palace todays newspaper15 minutes walk=a 15-minute walk1 我老师的办公室我老师的办公室2 学生们学生们 的练习本的练习本3 少年宫少年宫4

8、 今天的报纸今天的报纸5 十五分钟的路程十五分钟的路程名词的所有格名词的所有格 Practice 6 广东的省会广东的省会7 教室的门教室的门8 我父亲的一个朋友我父亲的一个朋友9 他的两个兄弟他的两个兄弟10 爱迪生的一些发明爱迪生的一些发明11他弟弟的一张照片他弟弟的一张照片(照片照片属于他弟弟属于他弟弟)12 他弟弟的一张照片他弟弟的一张照片(照照片里的人士他弟弟片里的人士他弟弟)the capital of Guangdongthe doors of the classrooma friend of my father(s)two brothers of hissome inventi

9、ons of Edisons a picture of his brothers a picture of his brother名词做定语名词做定语 e.g a coffee cup a woman driver summer holiday a milk bottle a tooth brush注意：注意：两周的假两周的假 一个一个10岁的男孩岁的男孩 a two-week vacation a ten-year-old boy睡睡2个小时的觉个小时的觉做半小时车的路做半小时车的路 two hours sleephalf an hours drive主谓一致主谓一致1.1.当当class,

10、family,team,group,public class,family,team,group,public 等集体名词做等集体名词做主语时，如果看成一个整体，动词就用单数；看成一主语时，如果看成一个整体，动词就用单数；看成一个个具体成员时，就用复数。个个具体成员时，就用复数。e.g The class e.g The class waiting for her.waiting for her.Toms family _ rather big.Toms family _ rather big.Toms family _ are film fans.Toms family _ are film

11、 fans.is are2.news,maths,politics 2.news,maths,politics 表示单数意义，动词用单数。表示单数意义，动词用单数。e.g The news e.g The news makes makes her very happy.her very happy.Maths _ not easy for him.Maths _ not easy for him.is are3.3.像像chopstickchopsticks s,shoe,shoes s,glasses,glasses,trouser trousers s,等表示复数含义的词，动词用复数。等表

12、示复数含义的词，动词用复数。e.g The shoes e.g The shoes are are hers.hers.但是但是:A pair ofA pair of glasses _ on the table.glasses _ on the table.Two pairsTwo pairs of of glasses _ on the table.glasses _ on the table.is are4.police,people(4.police,people(人们人们),youth(),youth(青年们青年们)只有单数形式，只有单数形式，但表示复数意义，动词用复数。但表示复数意

13、义，动词用复数。e.g The police e.g The police areare gathering in the street.gathering in the street.The Chinese people _ peace.The Chinese people _ peace.love但是:people当“民族”，youth当“男青年”讲时，有单复数之分 e.g He e.g He is is a youth of 20.a youth of 20.Many English-speaking people Many English-speaking peoples s _ th

14、is book._ this book.like5.5.像像deerdeer、sheepsheep等等单复同形单复同形的词，动词单复根据的词，动词单复根据 具体情况定具体情况定e.g A deer e.g A deer is is over there in the field.over there in the field.A group of deer _ over there in the field.A group of deer _ over there in the field.are are 7.Both 7.Both and and 的谓语动词用复数形式。的谓语动词用复数形式。

15、e.g.Both he and his father _ there.e.g.Both he and his father _ there.were6.6.采取就近一致原则的句型结构：采取就近一致原则的句型结构：There be There be e.g.There _ a book and two apples on the desk.e.g.There _ a book and two apples on the desk.not onlybut also not onlybut also e.ge.g Not only you but also he _ right.Not only y

16、ou but also he _ right.eitheror eitheror e.g Either he or I _ wrong.e.g Either he or I _ wrong.neithernor neithernor e.g Neither she nor I _ right.e.g Neither she nor I _ right.is is am am8.8.表示时间、距离表示时间、距离 、金额、度量、书名、国名等的、金额、度量、书名、国名等的 复数名词，看作整体，动词用单数。复数名词，看作整体，动词用单数。e.g Eight hours of sleep_ enough

17、 for you.e.g Eight hours of sleep_ enough for you.Ten dollars _ too much to pay.Ten dollars _ too much to pay.is is has is9 9、e.g The old man with his two sons _ left for America.Miss Wang as well as his friends _ waiting there.注注:由由 as well as,together with,with,besides,as well as,together with,with,besides,but,exceptbut,except 等词连接两个名词做主语时，动词的等词连接两个名词做主语时，动词的单复数根据单复数根据as well as as well as 等词前面的名词来定。等词前面的名词来定。