2020高考英语专项动词短语归纳及练习.doc

1、2020高考英语专项动词短语归纳及练习1. add to增加，增进 add to把加进 add up相加 add up to总计，所有这一切说明 1) I dont think these facts will _ anything. 2) Fifty new books have been _ the library. 3) The music _ our enjoyment of the film. 4) You must have made a mistake when you _ the bill _.2. break away from打破，脱离，挣脱，改掉 break down出毛

2、病，身体(精神)衰弱，分解，拆开 break off暂停，中断 break in强行进入，插话 break into闯入 break into pieces成为碎片 break out爆发 break up捣碎，驱散，瓦解，学期结束，拆散 break through突破 1) The criminal managed to break _ the police and ran into the woods. 2) When he heard the news, he broke _ and cried. 3) Dont break _ while others are speaking. 4)

3、 Why dont you break _ for a few minutes and have some coffee? 5) When does school break _? 6) After harvest we break _ the soil with a tool pulled by two oxen.3. bring up抚养，呕吐，提出 bring about造成 bring out拿出，出版 bring in引入，引进，挣钱 bring back使回想起 bring down使下降，使倒下 1) The shopkeeper brought his price _ to o

4、nly five dollars. 2) The school has brought _ new foreign teachers to teach oral English. 3) The song brought _ happy memories of our schooldays. 4) Do you know what brought _ this misunderstanding? 5) The kind old man agreed to bring _ the young orphan. 6) We decided to bring the matter _ at the ne

5、xt meeting. 7) The wind brought _ a lot of trees last night. 8) Next month they will bring _ a new edition of the book.( down, in, back, about, up, up, down, out )4. call on号召，拜访（某人） call at拜访、参观（某地） call for去叫某人, 要求, 需要 call up使回忆起, 征召入伍 call in召集，请某人来 call out大喊，高叫 call off取消，不举行 1) Doctors are of

6、ten called _ in the middle of the war. 2) Please wait for me at home. Ill call _ you at your house at seven tonight. 3) The trains calls _ several big cities between Beijing and Guangzhou. 4) He called her name _, but she didnt answer. 5) The sports meet was called _ on account of the rain.5. come a

7、bout发生，出现 come down下跌，落，降，传下来 come in进来 come into (sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect) 进入视野，形成，投入使用，生效 come on来临/ 快点 come out出版，结果是 come along一道来，赶快 come to达到，苏醒，合计，总共是(an end/an agreement/a stop)结束，达成一致 come over走过来come up发芽，走近 come across偶然碰到 come back回想起 come from来自，源自 1) I come _ the book I

8、 lent you last month. 2) How did it come _ that you both got lost? I thought you had a map. 3) It suddenly came _ to me where I had seen the boy before. 4) Come _ now, or else we shall be late. 5) He came _ me like a tiger. 6) The price of petrol has come _ since the beginning of this year. 7) The w

9、ord came _ use many years ago. 8) When the examination result came _, he had already got a job. 9)The bill came _ over a thousand dollars. 10) I sowed the seeds over a month ago, but they havent come _ yet.6. cut across抄近路 cut down砍倒，削减 cut off切断，割掉，断绝关系 cut up连根拔除，切碎 cut through剪断，凿穿 cut out删（省）掉，戒

10、掉 cut in插嘴 1) Dont cut _ this tree. It will be very shady in summer. 2) You must cut _ the number of cigarettes you smoke, or it will cause illness. 3) We decided to cut _ the moor（旷野） to the village. 4) Cutting the tree _ means cutting the tree into pieces. 5) The electricity was cut _ when the lad

11、y refused to pay the bill. 6) We were having a pleasant conversation when Tom cut _.7. die of (disease/hunger/grief/old age)死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因） die from死于（意外事故、情形） die away渐渐消失，减弱 die out绝种 die down(炉火)渐熄 ,逐渐降低，平息 die off逐一死去1) the sound of their laughter _. 2) the flames finally _.3) the species has

12、nearly _because its habitat is being destroyed。4）when the applause had _,she began her speech.8. fall behind落后 fall over ones feet 跌跤 fall down掉下，跌倒 fall back撤退，后退 1) Babies often fall _ when they are learning to walk. 2) Our team seems to have fallen _ the others. 3) As soon as the enemies fell _,

13、the people returned to their village. 4) She fell_ the bench and had her leg broken.9. go in for从事，喜爱，参加 go through通过，经受 go over复习，检查 go up（价格）上涨，建造起来 go after追捕，追赶go against违反 go ahead先行，开始吧，问吧，说吧 go away离开 go back on背约，食言 go by时间过去go down下沉，降低，（日、月）西沉 go on(with)继续进行 go with相配，陪同 go beyond超出 go wi

14、thout没有，缺少 go out外出，熄灭 go all out全力以赴 go off爆炸，进行，变坏，断电，停止供应 1) Many new factories have gone _ in the past few years. 2) Rents have gone _ greatly recently. 3) Many years have gone _ since we first met. 4) Lets continue our journey until the sun goes _. 5) His actions went _ the will of the people,

15、6) I cant do it, for it goes _ my duty. 7) Over 100 students went _ this entrance examination. 8) The bomb went _ and killed ten people. 9) The buyer went _ the car carefully before reaching a decision. 10) This tie doesnt go _ my blue shirt. 11) If you think you can solve the problem, go _. 12) Man

16、y students went _ playing basketball.10. get down下来，记下，使沮丧 get down to致力于，专心于 get on进展，进步，穿上，上车 get off脱下,下车 get in收集，插（话） get away逃跑，逃脱，去休假 get over忘记，越过，克服，从疾病中恢复get up起床 get along with进展，相处 get through打通电话，完成，通过 get round消息传开 get close to sth. 接近，几乎 get into (trouble) 陷入困境 get to (know) 开始认识 get

17、back取回，收回 1) She spoke so fast that I couldnt get _ what he said. 2) We will find ways to get _ difficulties. 3) The story has got _, and everyone knows about it. 4) When I get _ with the report, Ill go to the cinema. 5) After a delicious meal the two men got _ to business. 6) Dont always get _ a wo

18、rd when others are speaking. 7) It took me a long time to get _ such an unpleasant experience.11. give away赠送，泄露，出卖 give out发出，疲劳，分发，公布 give off发出（光、热、气体） give in (to sb.) 屈服 give up放弃，让（座位） 1) His accent at last gave him _. 2) The liquid gave _ a strong smell. 3) The headmaster gave _ the names of

19、the prize-winners. 4) The soldiers gave _ the town to the enemies. 5) Who will help me to give the books _? 6) Dont believe in those who give his friends _. 7) After a long walk, my strength gave _.12. hand in交上，提交 hand out分发 hand down流传，遗传13. hang about闲逛 hang up挂电话14. hold back阻止，隐瞒 hold up举起，使停顿

20、hold on别挂电话，等，坚持 hold out持续，坚持，伸出 hold down控制，镇压 1) Im sure he is holding something _. 2) She managed to hold _ her emotion until her guests had left. Then she cried. 3) Tell him to hold _ a moment. Ill come soon. 4) Our food supply wont hold _ for more than a few days. 5) The train was held _ as a

21、result of the floods. 6) These measures helped to hold _ the citys population. 7) Hold _ your left arm, please.15. keep up (courage, English, spirits)保持， keep up with跟上keep off (grass)不接近，离开keep out of 不让进来 keep away from避开，不接近，离远远的 keep to (rules, promise)坚持，遵守 keep on继续，坚持下来 keep back阻止，留下，隐瞒，扣下 k

22、eep from克制，阻止 1) The angry lady told the strangers to keep _ from her. 2) I can hardly keep _ my tears after hearing his words. 3) Only pride kept her _ bursting into tears. 4) I can scarcely keep _ asking him what he has done. 5) Dont touch me, screamed the woman, Keep _! 6) Keep _ until you succee

23、d. 7) Keep _ your courage, and youll succeed in the end. 8) The thick coat can keep the cold _. 9) Always try to keep _ the rules when you play a game. 10) I cant keep _ with everything youre doing.16. knock at/on敲 knock into撞到某人身上 knock down撞倒 knock out of把敲出 knock over撞倒 knock off停止工作，休息 1) The bo

24、xer soon knocked his opponent _. 2) The office stuff knocks _ at six every day. 3) Try knocking _ the window and see if there is anyone indoors. 4) He was so absorbed in his book that he knocked _ the car parked there.17. leave for离开前往 leave out删去，遗漏 leave behind遗留,忘记拿走 leave to留给，遗嘱赠于 leave over遗留，

25、剩下，延期 1) Whose name has been left _? demanded the teacher. 2) When he died, he left all his property _ his niece. 3) He suddenly realized that he had left his umbrella _. 4) Dont leave this matter _ until tomorrow. 5) Leave some meat _ for tomorrow. 6) Those are questions left _ by history.18. look

26、up查找，向上看 look through翻阅，浏览 look on旁观look onas看作look into调查 look after/ at / for 照顾/看/寻找look out(for)当心 look about / around/round四下查看 look down upon瞧不起 look back upon回忆，回顾look sb. up and down仔细打量某人look ab in the face/eyes直视某人 1) I spent two hours looking _ the students papers. 2)Look _! There is a bi

27、g hole in front. 3) He took part in the game, and the rest of us just looked _ and cheered for him. 4) The old man looked _ upon the days of his youth. 5) She was so snobbish（势利）that she looked _ upon all his neighbours. 6) The police promised to look _ the case as soon as possible. 7) He looked _ b

28、ut saw nobody, and he listened but hear nothing.19. make up编造，配制，打扮，组成 make up for弥补 make into / of / from 制成 make out弄懂，发现，看出,填写，开列（清单） make for走向，驶往，促使 1) Can you make this length of cloth _ a suit? 2) I asked the driver if he was making _ London? 3) My father made _ a check for me to buy the came

29、ra. 4) We must make the loss _ next week./ He tried hard to make _ for the damage he had done. 5) He made _ a story, which I found hard to believe. 6) Someone is coming, but I cant make _ who it is.20. pass away去世 pass by经过pass down(on)to传给 pass through经历 pass over漠视，忽视 1) The old clock has been pas

30、sed _ to me from my grandfathers grandfather. 2) The man passed _ last week in peace. 3) We are passing _ difficult times. 4) The secretary passed _ the details in the first part of his report.21. pay back还钱，报复 pay for付钱，为受到惩罚，因得到报应 pay off还清 1) How much did you pay _ the dictionary? 2) You should p

31、ay _ the money you borrowed from me. 3) Ill pay him _ for all his crimes(罪行) against me. 4) Some day, youll pay _ what you have done today. 5) Has she pay _ the debt yet?22. pick up拾起，获得(information)，接人，站起，收听，自然习得(language/knowledge)，恢复重获(pick up health) pick out挑选，辨认，看出pick cotton/flower/leaves/wor

32、ds摘棉花，选词 1) I picked the information _ while waiting in the queue. 2) My friend has arranged to pick me _ at 6:00. 3) The patient has picked _ health during the last two weeks. 4) She picked _ the most expensive pair of shoes. 5) I cant pick John _ in the crowd. 6) Can I pick _ VOA with this short-w

33、ave radio? 7) He fell down suddenly, but picked himself _ quickly.23. put up搭起，张贴，举起，安装，投宿，安排住下put up with忍受put out伸出，扑灭 put off推迟 put into放进，翻译 put away放好，存钱 put down记下，平息 put on穿戴，上映，增加(put on weight/speed) put forward 提出，提前 put through 接通电话 put aside放到一边 put back放回 1) He put _ half his wage every

34、 week. 2) The government soon put _ the revolt（暴乱）. 3) Put your watch _. Its slow. 4) He put _ his hand for me to shake. 5). Please put me _ to Extension（分机）2. 6) We put _ for night at the village inn. 7) He is very proud, and he often put _ airs.（摆架子） 8) We had a telephone put _ in our office. 9) I

35、 cant put _ with your laziness.24. pull down拆掉，推翻 pull on匆匆穿上 / pull off 脱下 pull in进站 pull out取出,(火车)离站 pull down往下拉,拆毁pull over驶到一边 pull through恢复健康,渡过难关,脱离险境 pull up（使）停住 1) The train slowly pulled _ and disappeared in the distance. 2) All the old houses here have now been pulled _, and new ones a

36、re to be built. 3) The car pulled _ when I blew the horn. 4) The doctor thinks the man will pull _. 5) The driver pulled _ at the traffic lights.25. push over推倒，刮倒push ahead(on, forward)继续前进，坚持下去push through排除困难办好谋事，努力设法通过，挤过 1) Weve decided to push _ with our plan to build a new road 2) Many trees

37、were pushed _ in the hurricane. 3) They were determined to push the new rules _ at any cost. 4) Take care not to push the baby _. 5) They pushed _ the crowd and at last reached us. 26. run across偶然碰到 run after追逐，追捕 run away逃跑 run for竞选 run into偶然碰到（困难）遇见（人），相撞 run out of用完 1) If you drive so fast, y

38、oull run _ someone some day. 2) I ran _ a friend of mine in the exhibition. 3) Our water has run _. Can you fill up some more bottles? 4) Why do you always run _ adventure? 5) He didnt want to run _ president that year. 6) In that way you will only run _ difficulties.27. see off送行 see through看透，识破 s

39、ee to照料，照管28. send for派人去请 send off送行 send out发出（光亮）等 send up发射29. set up建立 set off出发，触发，引起 set out动身，着手(to do)，陈述 set about开始着手(doing) set to work(n.)开始做 set back拨回，使推迟 1) I shall set my watch _ by five minutes. 2) We set _ reading the text aloud immediately the bell rang. 3) We set _ at daybreak y

40、esterday and weve been travelling ever since then. 4) I set _ to advise him not to drink. 5) What were the reasons he set _ in his report? 6) The president set _ a special group of soldiers to guard him. 7) The unpopular law set _ a series of protests.（抗议） 30. take off脱掉，起飞take on呈现 雇佣 take away拿走 t

41、ake in吸收，领会 take up从事，占用（时间空间） take down记录，取下take back收回 take for误认为 take along随身带 take over接管 take out拿出来take charge of负责, take sth. for granted想当然, take hold of抓住, take pride in以 为自豪, take the place of, 代替take turns to do轮流做, take office就职 1) I take _ all I said about his dishonesty. 2) He went to the shelf and took _ a book of poems. 3) At first I took him _ a doctor. 4) I can see that most of you have taken _ everything that the teacher taught. 5) Bill has now taken _ his fathers business. 6) My job takes _ most of my time. 7) The bo