高考英语阅读理解专项训练：人物类(附详解)(DOC 8页).doc

1、精诚凝聚 =_= 成就梦想 高考英语阅读理解专项训练人物类(1)In October 1961 at Crowley Field in Cincinnati Ohio an old deaf gentleman named William E. Hoy stood up to throw the first ball of the World Series. Most people at Crowley Field on that day probably did not remember Hoy because he had retired(退休) from professional bas

2、eball 58 years earlier in 1903. However he had been an outstanding player and the deaf people still talk about him and his years in baseball. William E. Hoy was born in Houckstown Ohio on May 23, 1862. He became deaf when he was two years old. He attended the Columbus Ohio School for the deaf. After

3、 graduation he started playing baseball while working as a shoemaker. Hoy began playing professional baseball in 1886 for Oshkosh(Wisconsin) of the Northwestern League. In 1888 he started as an outfielder(外场手) with the old Washington Senators. His small figure and speed made him an outstanding base

4、runner. He was very good at stealing bases during his career. In the 1888 major league season he stole 82 bases. He was also the Senators leading hitter in 1888. Hoy was clever and he threw right-handed and batted left-handed. On June 19,1889 he threw out three batters(击球手) at the plate from his out

5、field position. The arm signals used by judges today to show balls and strikes began because of Hoy. The judge lifted his right arm to show that the pitch was a strike and his left arm to signal that it was a ball. For many years people talked about Hoys last ball game in 1903. He was playing for Lo

6、s Angeles of the Pacific Coast Winter League. It was a memorable game because Hoy hit a wonderful ball which won the game. It was a very foggy day and therefore very hard to see the ball. In the ninth inning(棒球的一局) with two men out, Hoy managed to catch a fly ball to make the third out in spite of t

7、he fog. Los Angeles defeated their opposition and won the game. After he retired Hoy stayed busy. He ran a dairy farm near Cincinnati for 20 years. He also became a public speaker and traveled giving speeches. Until a few years before his death he took 4-10 mile walks several mornings a week. On Dec

8、ember 15, 1961 William Hoy died at the age of 99. 1. In which order did the following things happen in Hoys life?a. Hoy worked as a shoemaker. b. Hoy began to run a diary farm. c. Hoy played a memorable game in the heavy fog. d. Hoy threw the first ball of the World Series. e. Hoy became deaf. A. d

9、e a c bB. e a c b dC. d a e c bD. e a b c d2. We can infer from the last paragraph that Hoy _ in his late years. A. became famousB. led a relaxed lifeC. traveled around the worldD. was in good physical condition3. This passage is mainly about _. A. a deaf player devoted to the game of baseballB. bas

10、eball game rules and important playersC. the rise in the social position of the deaf peopleD. where the baseball judge hand signals came from4. What can be inferred from this passage?A. Hoy was the greatest baseball player in his time. B. Speaking and listening are not necessary in baseball games. C

11、. The judge had to study the hand signals very seriously. D. Hoys family encouraged him to become a baseball player. 【答案解析】本文介绍了美国20世纪初最杰出的棒球选手Hoy不平凡的一生。1. B。细节题。此题要求对事件发生的先后顺序进行排序。可用首尾定位法，即找到第一个发生的事件 (e. Hoy became deaf.)，再找到最后一个发生的事件 (d. Hoy threw the first ball of the World Series.)，故可排除A、C。再进行比较

12、可知B最佳。2. D。推断题。根据Until a few years before his death he took 4-10 mile walks several mornings a week.，可见在他生命的最后岁月里，他的身体状况很好。3. A。主旨题。纵观全文可知。4. A。推断题。根据he stole 82 basesthe Senators leading hitterthrew out three battersmanaged to catch a fly ball to make the third out in spite of the fog. 等细节，可以判断Hoy是

13、他那个时代最杰出的棒球选手。(2)The Man of Many Secrets Harry Houdini was one of the greatest American entertainers in the theater this century. He was a man famous for his escapes from prison cells, from wooden boxes floating in rivers, from locked tanks full of water. He appeared in theaters all over Europe and

14、America. Crowds came to see the great Houdini and his “magic” tricks. Of course, his secret was not magic, or supernatural powers. It was simply strength. He had the ability to move his toes as well as he moved his fingers. He could move his body into almost any position he wanted.Houdini started wo

15、rking in the entertainment world when he was 17, in 1891. He and his brother Theo performed card tricks in club in New York. They called themselves the Houdini Brothers. When Harry married in 1894, he and his wife Bess worked together as magician and assistant. But for a long time they were not very

16、 successful. Then Harry performed his first prison escape, in Chicago in 1898. Harry persuaded a detective to let him try to escape from the prison, and he invited the local newspapermen to watch.It was the publicity(宣传) that came from this that started Harry Houdinis success. Harry had fingers trai

17、ned to escape from handcuffs and toes trained to escape ankle chins. But his biggest secret was how he unlocked the prison doors. Every time he went into the prison cell, Bess gave him a kiss for good luck and a small skeleton key, which is a key that fits many locks, pass quickly from her mouth to

18、his.Harry used these prison escapes to build his fame. He arranged to escape from the local prison of every town he visited. In the afternoon, the people of the town would read about it in their local newspapers, and in the evening every seat in the local theater would be full. What was the result?

19、World-wild fame, and a name remembered today.1. According to the passage, Houdinis success in prison escapes depends on _.A. his special tricks and supernatural powersB. his unusual ability and a skeleton keyC. his magic tricks and unhuman powersD. his wisdom and magic tricks 2. In the fourth paragr

20、aph, the underlined word “this” refers to _.A. his first prison escapeB. the year 1898C. the publicityD. Harry Houdinis success3. It can be inferred from the passage that Houdini became famous _.A. in 1894B. before he marriedC. at the age of 17D. when he was about 244. Which of the following is the

21、best title for the passage?A. A Skeleton KeyB. A Man of Many SecretsC. World-wild Fame D. Great Escape 【答案解析】本文介绍了Harry Houdini特技成功的经历和方法。1. B。细节题。根据第4段第2句：Harry把手、脚都训练得很灵活来摆脱手链脚铐及第4句后半部分：妻子通过接吻传给他万能钥匙，可推知此题答案为B。2. A。单词理解题。根据语境，this指上文所表演的事情：第一次越狱成功。由此可推知此题答案为A。3. D。推断题。第3段第1句：他步入娱乐圈时是1891年，17岁；倒数第2

22、句：第一次成功是1898年，时隔七年，应是24岁，可推知此题答案为D4. D。主旨题。由文章第1段第2句：He was a man famous for his escapes from prison cells, from wooden boxes floating in rivers, from locked tanks full of water，可知Harry 因逃脱出名，后面列举的例子谈的是他从监狱成功地逃出，所以答案为D。 (3)On May 29, 1973, Thomas Bradley, a black man, was elected mayor of Los Angele

23、s. Los Angeles is the third largest city in the United States, with a population of three million. About sixteen percent of the citys population are black.News of this election appeared on the front pages of newspapers everywhere in the United States. Here is how one major newspaper reported the eve

24、nt:LOS ANGELES ELECTS BRADLEY MAYOR UNSEATING YORTYBLACK WINS 56% OF VOTES Bradley called his victory over Yorty “the fulfillment (实现) of a dream”. During his childhood and youth, people had kept telling him, “You cant do this, you cant go there, because you are a Negro.” Nevertheless he had won a d

25、ecisive victory over a man who had been won 43.7 percent.Los Angeles voters have had many opportunities to judge. Thomas Bradley had to form an opinion of him. The son of a poor farmer Texas, he joined the Los Angeles police force in 1940. During his twenty-one years on the police force he earned a

26、law degree by attending school at night. He was elected to the city council (市政厅) ten years ago.At the time of the Los Angeles election, three other American cities already had black mayors, but none of those cities had as large a population as Los Angeles. Besides, the percentage of blacks in those

27、 other cities was much larger. Cleveland, Ohio, had thirty-six percent black when Carl Stokes was elected mayor of Cleveland in 1967. In the same year Richard Hatcher was elected mayor of Cary. In Newark, New Jersey, sixty percent of the population were black when Kenneth Gibson was elected in 1970.

28、 Thus election of a black mayor in those cities was not very surprising.In Los Angeles thousands of white citizens voted for Thomas Bradley because they believed he would be a better mayor than the white candidate(候选人). Bradley had spent forty-eight of his fifty-five years in Los Angeles. Four years

29、 ago Bradley lost mayoral election to Yorty. This time Bradley won.1. In the authors opinion, it was surprising that _.A. the whites would vote for a black mayorB. a black mayor would be elected in such a large cityC. a black from a poor farmers family could be elected mayor of Los AngelesD. there w

30、ould be so many black mayors2. From the passage we can infer that people _.A. voted for Bradley because of his black colorB. didnt care much about his color when they votedC. voted for him to give a chance to fulfill his dreamD. voted for Bradley because they trust him 3. Bradley hit the front page

31、headline for _.A. he was the first black mayor in history B. he was the first black mayor in the south of USAC. he was the first black mayor of one of the largest cities in USAD. a poor farmers son could also win an important election4. From Bradleys victory in the election we can see that _.A. blac

32、ks had equal rights as whites in the USAB. black peoples situation began to be improving much more than beforeC. one can be successful through hard work in the USA no matter what color he isD. it is certain that someday the USA will have a black president【答案解析】本文报道了黑人在洛杉矶这样白人占绝大多数的大城市里被当选为市长这一新闻。1.

33、A。推断题。根据文章第1段最后一句：洛杉矶黑人的比例为16%以及倒数第2段所描述其他几个城市的黑人的比例(分别是36 %、55 %、60 %)可推此题答案为A。2. D。细节题。根据文章最后一段第1句because they believed he would be a better mayor than the white candidate可推知此题的答案为D。3. C。细节题。根据倒数第2段第1句three other American cities already had black mayors, but none of those cities had as large a pop

34、ulation as Los Angeles可推知此题的答案为C。4. B。推断题。运用排除法：选项A显然与原文内容不符；选项C和D文章没提及，况且此两项过于忽略美国的种族矛盾，不宜选；只有选项B原文内容较相符。(4)Jeanne Calment, a French woman, became a record breaker on 17 October of 1995, when at the age of 120 years and 238 days, she became the longest-lived human being on record. A Japanese man di

35、ed in 1986 at the age of 120 years and 237 days. Jeanne Calment lives in a small old peoples home in the south of France; her husband, her only child and her grandson have all died. She is nearly blind and deaf and is always in a wheelchair, but her doctor describes her as being more like a 90-year-

36、old in good health than someone of 120. She still has a lively sense of humor. When asked on her 120th birthday what she expected of the future, she replied: A very short one. She also remarked that she thought the good Lord had forgotten all about her. So what is the key to a long life? According t

37、o some doctors, diet, exercise and no smoking are the three important factors. Jeanne Calment has followed two of the tips(窍门). She has always eaten a healthy diet, and she used to do exercises every day until she broke her leg at the age of 115. However, until recently she drank two glassed of stro

38、ng red wine a day, and she does smoke (now only a little). Besides, Jeanne Calment might have got very good genes(基因) from her parents. Her father lived to the age of 94 and her mother to 86. A local lawyer bought her house when she was 80 under an agreement that he would pay her some money every ye

39、ar until her death. It must have seemed a good move at the time, but so far the lawyer has paid her at least three times the value of the house. Every year on her birthday Jeanne Calment sends him a card saying: Sorry, Im still alive! 1. How does Jeanne Calment feel about her old age? A. She is mise

40、rable and unhappy. B. She is cheerful and humorous. C. She would like to live much longer. D. She feels she is going to die very soon. 2. Jeanne Calment owes her good health and long life to _. A. smoking only a little every dayB. her giving up smoking and drinkingC. drinking two glasses of strong r

41、ed wine every dayD. the good genes from her parents, a healthy diet and some exercises3. Which of the following could best replace the word “move” in the fourth paragraph? A. dealB. trickC. march D. sport 4. Why does Jeanne Calment say “Sorry, Im still alive” to the local lawyer every year on her bi

42、rthday?A. Because she had an agreement at 80 with the lawyer which was to her advantage. B. Because she has asked the lawyer to pay her more rent than they first agreed. C. Because the lawyer has paid her much more money than the value of the house.D. Because the house she sold to the lawyer isnt wo

43、rth the money he has already paid. 【答案解析】本文介绍了世界上寿命最长的法国老太太。1. B。细节题。根据文章内容及第2段第3句 She still has a lively sense of humor 可推知此题答案为 B。2. D。细节题。根据文章第 3 段第4句 She has always eaten a healthy diet 及倒数第 2 句 Jeanne Calment might have got very good genes (基因) from her parents 可推知此题答案为 D。3. A。词义猜测题。根据此单词所在句子的前

44、面部分 A local lawyer bought her house under an agreement that he would pay her some money every year until her death 可推知此题答案为 A。4. C。推断题。文章倒数第 2 段第 1 句说 so far the lawyer has paid her at least three times the value of the house，而老太太本人也感到不好意思，据此可推知答案为 C。(4)Jonathan James looks like just another kid abo

45、ut to graduate from high school. But this 19-year-old Swede is anything but ordinary, from the computer in his parents home he helps the US Federal Bureau of Investigation(FBI) find out the worlds most wanted cyber criminals(网络犯罪分子). Jonathan first made headlines when he and another Swede, Fredrik B

46、joerck, found out the maker of the “Melissa” virus(病毒) in March 1999. He came to the aid of the FBI again on May 7, finding out the suspected(嫌疑的) sender of the dangerous “I LOVE YOU” virus. The suspect was caught in Manila on May 8.Jonathans special skills are in hot demand as officials around the

47、world express alarm at the “virtual” crimewave. In between studying for final exams, hanging out with friends and refereeing his younger brothers football matches, the quiet, gentle teenager also gives lessons on e-security(电子安全) to large companies. He reads a lot and exchanges information with othe

48、r computer experts to know much about the latest tricks of the hacker (黑客) trade.Many companies have already tried to employ him, but he is not interested at the moment. Instead, he plans to begin law school in the autumn at Swedens Uppsala University and start up his own e-security company.Although he works with the FBI now, his family insists hes just “a regular kid”. “Jonathan is a great kid, he has his friends and he does a lot mor