高考英语系动词及表语从句(DOC 13页).doc

1、系动词1. 最常用连系动词：be(am; is/was; are/were)。 2. 表变化的系动词：get; turn; go; fall; become; grow; come; run。用法注意：在英语中，系动词一般只有一般现在 时和一般过去时两种时态变化形式，没有其他时态变化形式。但表变化的这类系动词除外，它们有各种时态变化。 Eg: It is becoming colder and colder. The food has gone bad. 此处还需注意的是become和turn后接表职业的名词时冠词的有无： Eg: Two years later, he became a te

2、acher. 但Two years later, he turned teacher. 另外，go表变化时一般指事情向消极、不好的方面转化。 3. 所谓“感官动词”:look; sound; taste; smell; feel。一般它们在句子中译成：。起来；。上去。此类系动词为高考 高频词。Eg: The food tasted good.食物尝起来很香。 其中必须注意到它们本身也用作实义动词，所以在平常的教学和应用中一定多比较、关注它们的用法。 Eg: He looked sadly at the picture. / She looked sad after hearing the ne

3、ws. Tom tasted the food and it tasted good. 4. 表状态的系动词：keep; stay; remain;（依然是；保持） Eg: She remains loyal to her father despite his cruelty towards her. What a lovely day today! I love fine weather and I hope it will stay fine for some more days. Much remains to be done. 5. 表像系动词：seem; appear。汉语意义：看起

4、来像、似乎、好像。这两个动词有一个共同的特点，即如果要表达时态的变化，需要后接不定时来完成。 Eg: He seemed to have caught cold./ When Father came in, Tom seemed to be eating something. 另外此处一句型转换也要要求学生牢记It seemed that he had caught cold. When Father came in, it seemed that Tom was eating something. 6. 终止系动词：prove; turn out。表达“证实、证明、结果为。”之意。 Eg:

5、He proved (to be) right. / The experiment turned out successful. 系动词用法应注意的几个问题 1 一般地说，系动词无进行时态，无被动语态 如：Your hand feels cold.The soup tastes good.The dinner smells good.2系动词的时态与形容词的比较级连用的问题。某些含有变化意义的动态系动词如get, become, grow, turn等的进行时态可与形容词的比较级连用，表示渐进过程，其意思是“越来越”。例如：He is growing taller and taller.Our

6、 life is getting better and better.Things are getting worse.3所有半系动词的被动语态要分情况讨论。 英语中某动词在作系动词用时，无被动语态，而作实义动词用时，才有被动语态，二者不可混为一谈。例如：不能说：The apple is tasted good.因为taste此时是系动词，“尝起来”之意，指的是苹果的性质，无被动语态）但我们可以说：The apple is tasted by me.这苹果被我尝了一下。（taste此时指“尝一尝”这一动作，有被动语态）因此，在平时的英语教学和学习之 ，要有意注意半系动词在具体的语言环境中到底是

7、系动词用法还是实义动词用法，要注意区分、识别。4瞬间动态系动词能否与时间段连用的问题英语中某些表示瞬间意义的系动词不能与“for+时间段，since+时间点，how long until+时间,by + 时间，so far”等直接连用。例如：不能说：He has become a teacher for 2 years.应改为：He has been a teacher for 2 years.不能说：He has turned writer since 3 years ago.应改为：He has been a write since 3 years ago.或It is two years

8、 since he turned writer.不能说：He got angry until his child came back home.应改为：He didnt get angry until his child came back home.5系动词能接几种表语（从句）系动词除了接adj.n.prep.短语,还可接以下几种表语形式：能接as if/as though表语从句的系动词有：look（看起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来），feel（觉得）；appear（显得），seem（似乎）。例如：It looks as if we are going to have s

9、now.看样子天要下雪了。He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairy tales.他看来好像刚从我的童话故事中走出来似的。She seemed as if (though) she couldnt understand why Laura was there.看来她好像不能理解为什么劳拉呆在那儿。It sounds to me as though theres a tap running somewhere.我好像听到某处水龙头流水的声音。She felt as if her head were splitting.她

10、仿佛觉得她的头要裂开了。The river appeared as if enveloped in smog.那条河好像笼罩在烟雾之中。It seems as if it were spring already.好像已是春天了。可用于“It+系动词+that从句”结构的有：seem, appear如：It seemed that he had made some serious mistakes in his work.好像他在工作中犯了严重错误。It appeared that he was talking to himself.好像他在自言自语。能用不定式作表语的系动词有：be, seem

11、, , look, appear, prove, grow.Her job is to look after the children.她的工作是照料孩子们。He seems not to look after the children.他好像不是她的父亲。He looks to be a young girl of twenty.他看起来像是一个20岁的年轻姑娘。He didnt appear to dislike it.看不出他憎恨此事。My advice proved to be wrong.我的建议证明是错误的。能与there连用的系动词有：be, appear, seem.There

12、 appeared to be only one room.那儿好像只有一个房间。There seems(to be)no need to go.似乎没有必要走。Exercise1.The story sounds_ A. to be trueB. as trueC. being trueD. true2.Those oranges taste_ A. goodB. wellC. to be goodD. to be well3.-Are you feeling_? -Yes, Im fine now A. any wellB. any better C. quite goodD. quite

13、 better4.-Can I join the club, Dad. -You can when you _a bit older. A. getB. will getC. getsD. will have got5.-Do you like the material? -Yes, it _very soft. A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt6.I love to go to the seaside on Summer. It_ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea. A. doesB. f

14、eelsC. getsD. makes7.Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. payB. payingC. paidD. to pay8.Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It will _ fresh for several days. A. be stayedB. stayC. be stayingD. have stayed9.What you have said_. Ais sounded interestingBsounds interesting Cso

15、und interestedDlistens interested10.The class begins. Please keep_. AsilentBsilenceCthe silenceDsilently11.Look! Several people in the crowd seemed_. Ato be fightingBto have fought Cbeing foughtDhaving fought12.How _the song she sings sounds! I have never _a better voice. Abeautifully, soundedBbeaut

16、iful, sounded Csweet, listened toDsweet, heard13.Her feeling about the marriage _rather strange. Ais lookedBis seemed CseemsDis appeared14.The new shirt_ right. Adoesnt feelBisnt felt Cisnt feelingDdoesnt touch15.How happy it_ for me to be home again after twenty years abroad! AgivesBfeelsCis feltDi

17、s given16.John _driver since two months ago. Abecame aBhas become a Chas turnedDhas been a 17.It _he felt very _over the death of the boy. Aseemed that, sadBseemed as if, sadly Clooked as though, sadDlooked that, sadness18. _ everyone here today? A. Be B. Are C. Is D. Am19. Harry is older than I. Bu

18、t he _ younger than I. A. look B. looks C. looked D. looking20. It _ like the singing of the birds.A. sounds B. looks C. smells D. tastes 21. This kind of cake tastes _. A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well22. The children all looked _ at the broken model plane and felt quite _.A. sad, sad B.

19、 sadly, sadly C. sad, sadly D. sadly, sad23. This kind of paper _ nice. A. feel B. felt C. is feeling D. feels24. This math problem is _ and I can do it _. A. easy, easily B. easily, easily C. easy, easy D. easily, easy25. Coffee is ready. How nice it _! Would you like some?A. looks B. smells C. sou

20、nds D. feels 26. In winter the days _ colder and colder. A. gets B. getting C. got D. get 参考答案：126DABAC BCBBA ADCAB DACBA ADDABD表语从句表语从句的表现形式1.由从属连词引导。如：“that”,“whether” The question is whether we should ask them for help. The trouble is that he has never done the work before.2.由连接代词引导。如：“what” “who

21、”“whom”“whose” “which” Guilin is not what it used to be. What she wants to know is which dress she should buy.3.由连接副词引导。如：“when”“why”“where”“how”“because” That is where Lu Xun used to live. That is why he didnt pass the exam4.另可由as if ,as though引导。如： It looks as if it were going to rain表语从句两大要素:1. 除

22、that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。2.除that,whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分。一些引导词的用法（一）that在表语从句中 ,又 。The fact is that he hasnt yet recover from illness. The reason why he has to go is that his mother is ill in bed. 比较在定语从句中的用法。There are some films that Id like to see.She is the only one among us that knows French.结论:th

23、at 在引导定语从句时,指事物,也可指人,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。（二）What 在表语从句中充当 主语、宾语或表语，表示“什么，什么样子，或所的（人或事）1. The question is what caused the accident. 2. That mountain is no longer what it used to be .3. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.（三）Which 在引导表语从句时,常充当定语,表语。表示“其中哪一个“。如： I read about it

24、in some book or another,but what I dont know is which (book) it is. 比较在定语从句中的用法。China is a country which has a history of 2000 years.A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words结论: which在引导定语从句时,指事物,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略（四）当主句的主语为reason,或者是why由引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用that来引导,而不能由because引导; becaus

25、e 引导表语从句时只能用于It/That/This is /was because句型中.如: The reason why I was late was that I missed the train. I was late. It/That/This was because I missed the train.（五）whether在表语从句中表“是否”,但不充当句子的成分。if不能引导表语从句.如: What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon（六

26、）as if 从句用陈述语气的情况。 当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。如： It sounds as if it is raining 听起来像是在下雨。 He talks as if he is drunk 从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。 as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况。 当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下： （1）如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。如： You look as if you didn t care 你看上去好像并不在乎。 He talks as if he knew wh

27、ere she was 他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。 （2）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词”。如： He talks about Rome as if he had been there before 他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。 The girl listened as if she had been turned to stone那女孩倾听着，像已经变成了石头似的。 （3）从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“wouldcouldmight动词原形”。如： He opened his mouth as if he would say something

28、他张开嘴好像要说什么。 It looks as if it might snow 看来好像要下雪了。（七）使用虚拟语气的表语从句在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形” 表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice，suggestion，order，proposal，plan，idea等。My suggestion is that we （should） start early tomorrow. Exercise1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A. tha

29、t B. if C. when D. whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there4The problem is _to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can get C. who we can get

30、D. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reason is_I missed the bus. A. that B. when C. why D. what7. That is _ _ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what8. She looked _ she were ten years younger.A. that B. like C.

31、 as D. as though9.I fell sick!-I think it is _ you are doing too much. A. why B. when C. what D. because 10. The reason why he hasnt come is _. A. because his mother is ill B. because of his mothers being ill C. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill11. He was born here.- That is _ he likes

32、 the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how12.That is _ Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. why13. The question is _it is worth visiting. A. if B. as if C. whether D. how14. This is _it happened. A. what B. when C. that D. how15. This is _ the city lies. A. which B. what C. where D. w

33、hen16. He was ill .That is _he didnt come yesterday. A. when B. why C. how D. that 17. That was _ I was thirteen I entered the No.1 Middle School. A. because B. why C. how D when18.The problem is _we can master modern science and technology in a short time. A. if B. that C. what D. how 19. Doesnt Mr

34、. Smith live on this street? -No .This is _Mr. Brown lives. A. which B. where C. how D. that 20. The reason why he has been such a success is _he never gives up. A. what B. where C. how D. that 21. what is that building?-_the garden equipment is stored A. thats where B. There is in which C. the buil

35、ding is D. Thats the building which 22. Our village is no longer _over twenty years ago. A. what was it B. what it was C. the village what was D. what was the village 23. _you are the first one here. A. it seems that as if B. it seems as if that c. it seems as if D. It seems that as though 24. My ho

36、pe is _he will become a doctor in the future. A. if B. whether C. that D. what 25.He treated me as though/as if _ his own son.A. I am B. I would be C. I was D. I werethat/what的区别1_your father wants to know is_ getting on with your studies.A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are

37、D. What；how you are2. The trouble is_we are short of tools. A. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was _was first called “India” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_ . A. what it used to be B. what it was used to b

38、eing C. what it used to being D. what it was used to be 5. _he really means is _he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That what C. What what D. That what6. The energy is _ makes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. such高考练习1 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week .Is that

39、_ you had a few days off？ A. why B .what C. when D. where 2 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella _I got wet through. A. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres why D. Its how3. See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning. A. when B. which C. where D. what4. - Are you stil

40、l thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats _.A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited5. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which6.You are saying that ever

41、yone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. (2004)A. why B. where C. what D. how7.The doctors advice is that the patient _ about his real physical condition. A.be not told B . not be told C. will not be told D. must not be told表语从句参考答案1-25 DBACC ACDDC CBCBC BDDBD ABCCDThat与what的区别：DBAAAC高考练习ABDAABB附：教案格式模板所在单位 所属教研室 课 程 名 称 授 课 教 师 *教案（宋体二号，标题加粗）一、课 程 性 质： （注：填公共基础必修课、公共基础选修课、专业基础必修课、专业核心必修课、师范技能必修课、师范技能选修课）二、总学时学分: