高考必考语法改错之直接引语间接引语十大经典错误课件.ppt

1、 直接直接/间接间接引语引语错中学错中学 易掌握易掌握印象深印象深 永不忘永不忘考点规律分析考点规律分析高考考查“间接引语”主要以宾语从句和不定式作宾补的形式出现。考查的内容有：一、“不定式作宾补”句式 二、宾语从句的语序三、宾语从句的时态呼应 1.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him _（NMET95）点评：tell sb（not）to do sth是祈使句直接引语变间接引语时的常用句式。谓语动词要求用及物动词，常见的用于此句式的谓语动词有tell，warn，ask等。to后面省去了相

2、同的不定式部分。not to 语法填空：语法填空：2.MrsSmith warned her daughter _(drive)after drinking（MET91）点评：warn要求用不定式作宾补，never是否定词，应放在不定式符号to前面never to drive语法填空：语法填空：3.He asked how much I _(pay)for the violin（NMET92）paid点评：宾语从句要求使用陈述句语序，而非一般疑问句语序。4.Someone is ringing the doorbellGo and see _（2000年上海）点评：英语中常用it代替不明身份的

3、或心目中的人who it is语法填空：语法填空：5.I wonder why Jenny _(write)us recentlyWe should have heard from her by now（NMET2002 hasnt written 点评：如果主句是祈使句或主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时，宾语从句谓语动词可根据句意的需要而用任何一种时态。本题recently暗示从句中应用现在完成时态6.The reporter said that the UFO _(travel)east to west when he saw it（NMET2000）点评：本题的句意是：记者说当他看见飞碟时

4、，它正从东向西飞过。从句要用过去进行时态。当主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态（如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时等）。但如果宾语从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。was travelling语法填空：语法填空：7.When Jack arrived，he learned Mary _ _for almost an hour（MET92）点评：宾语从句的动作先于learned的动作，故宾语从句谓语动词要用过去完成时态，后面又有一段时间状语had been away语法填空：语法填空：【改错改错】间接引语十大经典错误例析间接引语十大经典错误

5、例析 注意！1.1.The woman told us that she doesnt like Amercan movies very much 主句用过去式，从句也要用相的过去式，所以“doesnt”应改为didnt，didnt【改错改错】间接引语十大经典错误例析间接引语十大经典错误例析 注意！2.He said that light traveled much faster than sound.当直接引语是客观真理、谚语或名人名言当直接引语是客观真理、谚语或名人名言时，在变为间接引语时，时态不变时，在变为间接引语时，时态不变。travels_【改错改错】间接引语十大经典错误例析间接引语

6、十大经典错误例析 注意！3.Sarlah s friend asked Sarah that she was going to mail the gifts to her parents 主为asked。所以从句应为疑问句，连接词“that”应为if或whether。whether_【改错改错】间接引语十大经典错误例析间接引语十大经典错误例析 注意！4.4.I asked him how often did he went to visit his hometown 连接词“how often”后应为陈述语序。【改错改错】间接引语十大经典错误例析间接引语十大经典错误例析 注意！5.He sai

7、d that he had been reading when she came in.在含有时间状语从句的直接引语中，主句在含有时间状语从句的直接引语中，主句的谓语动词为过去进行时、过去完成时或的谓语动词为过去进行时、过去完成时或过去将来时，在变为间接引语时，这些时过去将来时，在变为间接引语时，这些时态通常不变。态通常不变。was_He said,“I was reading when she came in.”【改错改错】间接引语十大经典错误例析间接引语十大经典错误例析 注意！6.He said that he had worked there since he had finished

8、school.如果直接引语中有以如果直接引语中有以when 或或since 引导引导的表示过去时间的状语从句的表示过去时间的状语从句,在变为间接引在变为间接引语时，状语从句中的一般过去时保持不变。语时，状语从句中的一般过去时保持不变。主句的谓语动词则要变为过去完成时。主句的谓语动词则要变为过去完成时。He said,“Ive worked here since I finished school.”【改错改错】间接引语十大经典错误例析间接引语十大经典错误例析 注意！7.he said that his grandmother had died in 1960.如果直接引语中有明确表示过去时间的

9、时间状语，如果直接引语中有明确表示过去时间的时间状语，在变为间接引语时，一般过去时通常保持不变。在变为间接引语时，一般过去时通常保持不变。【改错改错】间接引语十大经典错误例析间接引语十大经典错误例析 注意！8.George told me that he would take those books there next day.直接引语变成间接引语时，指示代词直接引语变成间接引语时，指示代词this 要变成要变成that，these 变成变成those;here 变成变成there,tomorrow 要变成要变成the next day。theGeorge said to me,“I wil

10、l bring these books here tomorrow.”【改错改错】间接引语十大经典错误例析间接引语十大经典错误例析 注意！9.Gina said that she was learning computer now.Gina said,“I am learning computer now.”直接引语变为间接引语时，当主句是一般过去直接引语变为间接引语时，当主句是一般过去时态时，现在进行时要变成过去进行时，时态时，现在进行时要变成过去进行时，now 要变成要变成then。then_【改错改错】间接引语十大经典错误例析间接引语十大经典错误例析 注意！10.Our English

11、teacher suggested us to speak English more often in and out of class.简析简析:直接引语是祈使句直接引语是祈使句,变为间接引语时变为间接引语时,要将祈使句的要将祈使句的动词原形变为带动词原形变为带to的不定式的不定式,并在不定式的前面根据语气并在不定式的前面根据语气需要使用需要使用ask,tell,order等动词等动词,其句型是其句型是:ask/tell/order someone to do sth.,但是但是suggest不能接不定式作宾补不能接不定式作宾补,只能接只能接-ing形式或从句形式或从句(从句用虚拟语气从句用

12、虚拟语气)作宾语。作宾语。told/asked_Our English teacher suggested that we(should)speak English more often in and out of class.把下列各句变成间接引语把下列各句变成间接引语1.“Its a fine day.Lets go to the country for a picnic,”Peter said to me.Peter said that it was a fine day and asked me to go to the country for a picnic with him.简析

13、简析:当直接引语中有多种句子形式如陈述句、当直接引语中有多种句子形式如陈述句、祈使句、疑问句等时祈使句、疑问句等时,我们就要用不同的方式我们就要用不同的方式将各种句子进行转述。因为原句中直接引语前将各种句子进行转述。因为原句中直接引语前面部分是陈述句面部分是陈述句,故变为由故变为由that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句,后面部分是祈使句所以变为不定式作宾补。后面部分是祈使句所以变为不定式作宾补。把下列各句变成间接引语把下列各句变成间接引语2.“You clean the classroom after class today,Tom,”said the monitor.The monitor t

14、old Tom to clean the classroom after class that day.简析简析:一般而言一般而言,祈使句是以动词原形开头的祈使句是以动词原形开头的,但是如果说话人有意强调动作执行者但是如果说话人有意强调动作执行者,也可以也可以在句首加上主语。我们在将其变为间接引语时在句首加上主语。我们在将其变为间接引语时不能将带有主语的祈使句与陈述句混淆起来。不能将带有主语的祈使句与陈述句混淆起来。把下列各句变成间接引语把下列各句变成间接引语3.“Would you please do me the favor to carry the box upstairs?”the y

15、oung woman said to me.The young woman asked me to carry the box upstairs for her.简析简析:直接引语是一些表示请求、建议的疑问句直接引语是一些表示请求、建议的疑问句,变为间接引语时变为间接引语时,也变为不定式作宾语补足语。也变为不定式作宾语补足语。需要注意的是应根据原句的语气选用恰当的动需要注意的是应根据原句的语气选用恰当的动词。因为此处原来的疑问句用的是很客气的语词。因为此处原来的疑问句用的是很客气的语气气,改写后不宜用改写后不宜用order。把下列各句变成间接引语把下列各句变成间接引语4.“Dont play

16、football on the street,little boys,”the policeman said.The policeman told the little boys not to play football on the street.简析简析:如果直接引语是祈使句的否定式如果直接引语是祈使句的否定式,变为间变为间接引语时接引语时,要将其改为不定式的否定形式作宾补要将其改为不定式的否定形式作宾补,不定式的否定形式是在不定式前面加不定式的否定形式是在不定式前面加not,而不是而不是加加do not,does not,did not等。等。把下列各句变成间接引语把下列各句变成间接引语5.He said to me,”Your picture is very good.”He told me that my picture was very good.简析简析:直接引语中的第一人称到间接引语中，就直接引语中的第一人称到间接引语中，就变成说话人的人称；直接引语中的第二人称到变成说话人的人称；直接引语中的第二人称到间接引语中，就变成听话人的人称；直接引语间接引语中，就变成听话人的人称；直接引语中的第三人称到间接引语中，人称不变。中的第三人称到间接引语中，人称不变。