高中英语必修1-6重点归纳总结.doc

1、高中英语必修16重点归纳总结Unit1 &2 of Module 1重点单词与短语 1. concern （1）n.所关心的人或事；担心，挂念His greatest concern is the future of his daughter.The report expressed the publics concerned about/for the nuclear waste.（2）v.与有关；涉及；使担忧The lecture concerned the environmental protection.What concerns us is that so many children

2、 in the area have dropped out of school.concerned a.关心的(about),与有关的(with)He is never concerned about what is going on with his family and friends.拓展：have no concern for毫不关心be concerned about/for 关心as/so far as is concerned 就而言concerning prep.关于;有关2. suffer （1）vt.遭受,蒙受(痛苦、疾病、饥饿、损失等)Many provinces in

3、our country suffered a heavy loss in the flood in 1998.（2）vi.(from)因而受损失，患病She is suffering from loss of memory.拓展：suffering n.痛苦,苦难 sufferer n.受苦者 A. Suffer B. Suffering C. Suffering from D. Suffered from 3. include vt.包括,包含,算入The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.拓展：including 介词 词义为“包括，包

4、含”The singer sang a few songs, including two of my favorites = two of my favorites included.辨析：contain包括的内容或成分include包括整体的一部分hold能容纳4. advice n.意见,建议,忠告ask sb. for advice征求某人的意见follow/take sbs advice采纳某人的建议give/offer sb. advice on就给某人建议a piece of advice一条建议much/lots of advice许多建议拓展:advise v.建议advise

5、 doing sth.建议做advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做advise. that sb./sth. (should) do 建议They strongly advised that the government (should) take some measures to improve the transport.考点例题:改错：The Smiths thought of some advice that they went traveling on foot together. 5. request （1）n.请求,要求We will make a request

6、for help if necessary.His request is that the work(should) be finished as soon as possible. （2）v.请求，要求request sth. request sb. to do sth. request sth from sb. request that sb./sth. (should) do 6. calm（1）adj.镇静的，沉着的He remained calm in time of danger.（2）vt.使平静；使安静Youd better take a deep breath to calm

7、 yourself before answering the question.拓展：calm down镇静；平静 calm sb. down使某人镇静 The moment the famous film star appeared on the stage, the excited audience calmed down.辨析：calm指无风浪或人的心情平静quiet指没有声音，不吵闹still指没有运动或动作的状态silent指不作声，不讲话三. 重点短语 1. go through经历，经受go through a hard time经历一段困难时期go through the ba

8、ggage检查行李go through the newspaper浏览报纸拓展：go after追求，追赶go ahead前进；请说（做）吧go by走过，（时间）过去go along with向前，（与）一起去go in for爱好，从事 go out外出；（灯，火）熄灭go over越过；复习 go up爬上，（价格等）上升 2. do with处理do with pollution处理污染have sth./much/nothing to do with 与有些关系/很大关系/没有关系拓展：What to do with. How to deal with. 3. get along/o

9、n with get along/on with sb.与某人相处get along/on with sth某事进展拓展：get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 与相处得好/不好，进展顺利/不顺利get away离开，逃离get down下来；写下，取下get down to (doing)开始认真干get off下（车，飞机），脱下get over克服，摆脱get through通过，做完get together聚集 4. have trouble/ difficulty/ problem with sb./ sth和某人相处/做某事有困难He has n

10、o trouble with English grammar.拓展：Have trouble/difficulty/ problem (in) doing sth.做某事有困难We have some difficulty in dealing with the matter.四. 重点句型 1. It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face.这是我一年半来第一次目睹夜晚。此句为复合句，that 引导定语从句修饰the first time.It/ This is / was

11、the first /second time that sb. have/ had done sth.某人第一/二次做 1. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗时，你太粗心，狗松扣了而被车撞了。While walking the dog = while you were walking the dog在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，如果主句的主语和从句的主语相同，而且从句中的谓语动词又含有be的某种形式，从句中的主语和be可以省略。When I was travelin

12、g in Beijing (=when traveling in Beijing), I happened to meet a former classmate. Though he is over sixty(= though over sixty), he still keeps on studying English.She wont go to the conference unless she is invited(= unless invited). 2. Why do you think people all over the world want to learn Englis

13、h?你认为为什么世界各地的人们都想学习英语呢？本句为双重疑问名句，do you think在句中做插入语注意：一般疑问句用疑问语序( do you think)特殊疑问句疑问词置于句首，并用陈述语序；可用于该句型的动词还有believe, guess, imagine, ,suppose等Who do you suppose is the right person for the job?How many students do you guess have been to the Great Wall? 3. Believe it or not, there is no such thing

14、 as standard English.信不信由你，（世界上）没有什么标准英语。（1）believe it or not在句中做插入语，意为“信不信由你；我说的是真的”。常见的插入语有：generally speaking一般来说frankly speaking坦白地说judging from从来判断to tell you the truth说真的；老实说to be honest说实在的to make matters worse更糟糕的是（2）such的用法小结no suchas没有这样的such as例如suchas像这样的such that这样以致于He is reading such

15、a book as you borrowed from the library last week.他在读的书和你上周从图书馆借来的一样。（ as是关系代词，引导定语从句）He is reading such an interesting book that I want to borrow it.他在读的书这么有趣，我想借来读读。（that引导结果状语从句）Unit 3&4 of Module 1重点单词与短语 1. persuade vt.说服； 劝服； 使相信（1）persuade sb.说服某人Advertisers try to persuade consumers to buy t

16、heir goods.（2）persuade sb. to do sth.= persuade sb. into doing sth.说服某人做某事We have persuade him to give up smoking.（3）persuade sb. not to do sth. = persuade sb. out of /against doing sb.说服/劝服某人别做某事His mother persuaded him not to give up the chance to take part in the competition. （4）persuade sb. of s

17、th./ that+ clause 设法使某人相信He failed to persuade the workers of his honesty = to persuade the workers that he was honest.注意：persuade强调说服、劝服的结果； 而只表劝说动作不表结果时需用try to persuade 或换成advise。 1. insist v.（1）坚决要求； 坚决主张Insist on / upon doing sth.或insist that-clause,从句动词用(should) do The government insists that

18、waste water (should) be made clean before going into the river.She insisted on our staying there for supper.（2）坚持认为； 坚持说Insist on / upon doing sth.或insist that-clause,从句动词用陈述句语序和相应的时态He insisted on his innocence. (无罪)The farmer insisted that the neighbor had stolen his sheep. 2. determine v.决定； 确定；

19、下决心 + n. + to do sth. determine + clause + on/upon sht./doing sth. +疑问句+to do sth.You had better determine a date for the meeting as soon as possible. It is unnecessary to determine what each word means while you are reading a passage.I havent determined where to spend the seven-day holiday.拓展：deter

20、mination n.决心； 决定determined adj.决然的；果断的be determined to do下决心干=make up ones mind to dogive sb. a determined look坚定地看某人a determined man意志坚定的人 3. familiar adj.熟悉的；通晓The lady looked somewhat familiar, but I could not remember where I had seen her.拓展：be familiar with熟悉；通晓be familiar to对熟悉的考点例题：The song

21、is familiar _me. = I am familiar _ the song. 1. rise(rose, risen)（1）vi.上升，起立（床），增长The amount of money spent in dealing with the problem of pollution keeps rising year by year.（2）n. 上升,上涨，升起arise in price涨价give sb. a rise给某人提工资a rise in the cost of living生活费用的增加at the rise of the sun日出之时拓展：raise vt.举

22、起，提出，提高，饲养The price of rice has been raised lately.= The price of rice has risen lately.raise chickens养鸡rise ones voice提高嗓音raise ones hands举起手 2. injure v.受伤，伤害They were slightly/seriously/badly injured in the crash.Smoking will surely injure ones health.拓展：injured adj.受伤的injury n.伤口，受伤处hurt(身体部位)感到

23、疼；（肉体或精神上）受到伤害wound受伤（枪伤/刀伤）等harm意指无形伤害，“对有害”常指伤及一个人的健康、权利、事业等damage主要用于无生命的东西，常指对价值和功能的损坏，可修复。destroy意为“毁坏，消灭”，指不可修复的破坏。Reading in the sun harms your eyes.It hurts me to think that so many people died in the flood.In the battle, hundreds of soldiers were wounded and some were even killed.考点例题：Altho

24、ugh the city had been attacked by the storm several times, _was done. A. a few damages B. few destroy C. little hurt D. little damage三、重点短语： 1. care with关心，担忧，惦记What she cares about is her own future.I dont care about what he is talking about.拓展：care for喜欢； 照顾；关心He had to care for his sister while s

25、tudying in college.I care much for pop music. 2. change ones mind改变主意It is easy for him to change his mind, so dont believe him easily.拓展：make up ones mind下决心keep ones mind on专心于read ones mind看出某人的心思bear/keep sth. in mind记住某事speak ones mind 坦率说出心里话 3. give in (to)(向)屈服，让步I will never give in to diff

26、iculties.拓展：give away泄露；送掉；赠送give back归还give up放弃（后接sth./doing sth.）give off发出（蒸汽、光等）give out分发；筋疲力尽give way to让位于；妥协We cant give way to their demands.He had no choice but to give up going abroad for further education. 4. for one thing., for another一方面另一方面；一则再则I am not going to Beijing for a holiday

27、 with them. For one thing, I have no time; for another, I have been there.拓展：On (the) one hand, on the other (hand)用以引出相互矛盾的观点和意见On the one hand, the concert really is worth going to, but on the other hand, the ticket is too expensive. 5. tens of thousands of 数以万计的Tens of thousands of people were wa

28、tching the game in the stadium when it began to rain heavily.拓展：hundreds of数百的hundreds of and thousands of 成百上千的thousands of数千的millions of数百万的dozens of许多； 大量scores of 许多； 大量 6. be known/well known as = be famous as作为而出名Shenzhen is well-known as a modern city.拓展：be known for因为而闻名be known to sb.为所熟悉It

29、 is known (to all) that众所周知As is known (to all), .众所周知It is well-known to us all it is very important to keep the balance of nature.=As is well-known to us all, it is important to keep the balance of nature. 7. break out(战争、火灾、疫病等)突然发生，爆发A fire broke out in the supermarket last night.拓展：break down出毛

30、病，不运转break away from脱离，摆脱break in插话，破门进入break into破门闯入break off突然终止break through突围，突破 8. lose hope绝望He never loses hope even when he fails.拓展：lose heart泄气；灰心lose courage沮丧lose face丢脸；受屈辱lose touch (with sb.)与某人失去联系lose ones way迷路lose ones breath上气不接下气lose ones head昏了头lose ones life丧生，遇害四、重点句型 1. It

31、was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.是我姐姐首先想到骑自行车沿湄公河从它的源头骑到终点的。It was who引导的是一个强调句型。两个where引导的从句均作介词宾语从句。强调句型结构：It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+其余部分It was they that put forward the problem at the meeting.It was not until you told me th

32、at I realized that she hadnt turned up yet.What is it that is happening there? 2. While dairy writers try to record how they feel very soon after things happen, journal writers try to better understand what has happened to them much later.虽然日记作者试图在事情发生后不久就记录他们的感受，但是日记作者要在很久后才能努力尝试更好地理解发生在他们身上的事。whil

33、e引导的是一个让步状语从句，how和what引导的均为宾语从句。while作连词用法小结：（1）=though/although尽管，虽然While I admit that there are problems, I dont agree that they cant be solved.（2）与同时He listened to music while doing his homework.（3）在期间，当时候He fell off the bike while he was practicing riding.（4）（表对比）而，却 He was against the plan whil

34、e the majority was/were in favor of it.Modu1e 1 Unit 5 & Module 2 Unit 1重点单词与短语 1. active adj.积极的，灵活的，活性的Over seventy as he is, he is still active.I cant tell whether it is an active volcano.拓展：be active in在方面活跃，积极参加take an active part in积极参加act n./v.行为，举动，行动action n.行为，做法activity n.活动actor/ actress

35、 n.（男女）演员 2. continue v.继续，持续，延续continue + n.continue to do /doing sth.The road continues as far as we can see.We cant continue to work/working with all that noise going on.拓展：continue指“原来做的事现在还在做或有中断，然后继续做下去”；go on后接to do sth.表继续做另一件事；后接doing sth.表继续做同一件事；go on with sth.继续干某事last指“持续长久”。The weather

36、man says that the fine weather will last a week. 3. reward (1)n.报答，奖赏，报酬He worked hard in hope of getting a financial reward.(2)报答；酬谢The old lady rewarded the boy with a smile.They will be rewarded for what they have done.拓展：as a rewarded for 作为对的报酬give/offer a reward to sb. for sth.为某事而酬谢某人reward s

37、b. for sth./doing sth.为某事而酬谢某人 4. remain vi.保持，仍是。后常跟形容词、名词、介词短语及v.-ed或v.-ingMr. Smith remained active/ expressionless/ single/fat.They remained friends/ partners/ competitors.The coal mine（煤矿）reminds closed/ working regularly.注：remainder n.残余；剩余物 5. wonder (1)n.惊奇，奇迹Its a wonder (that) you recogniz

38、ed me.(Its) No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day.(2)wonder作动词常用于以下词组及句型：wonder +从句“自忖，自问，不知道(想知道)”Tom wondered why he was wanted by the police.(3)wonder +if从句“请问您是否”（用于礼貌地提出请求）(4)wonder at对感到惊奇I wonder at his rudeness. 6. doubt(1)n.怀疑；不确定； 不信任There is no doubt about sth./ th

39、at .毫无疑问without doubt确定地；无疑地Without doubt, we will defeat them.(2)v.对无把握，怀疑I dont doubt that 我肯定（=Im sure/certain that）I doubt if/whether 我不确定（=Im not sure/certain if/whether） 7. considervt.(1)考虑(=think about)consider doing sth./sth.考虑做某事I consider finding a new job.(2)认为（=regard as.）consider sb./st

40、h. as / to beWe consider him as our wise leader.consider it +形容词+ to do sth.认为做某事是I consider it necessary to remind him of his bad behaviour.(3)考虑到；体谅（=takeinto account/consideration）considering考虑到注：considerable adj.相当多的；相当大的considerate adj.考虑周到的；体贴的consideration n.考虑三. 重点短语： 1. in trouble处于困境中，有麻烦H

41、e is ready to help those who are in trouble.拓展：get into trouble遇到麻烦make trouble制造麻烦ask for trouble自找麻烦have trouble in doing sth.做某事有困难save trouble省事take great trouble to do sth.不辞劳苦做某事put sb. to the trouble of doing sth.麻烦某人做某事 2. out of work/ a job失业He lost his job the year before last, that is to

42、say, he has been out of work for nearly two years.拓展：at work在工作 off work在休班after work下班后 go to work去上班out of habit出于习惯out of breath气喘吁吁out of date过期；过时 = out of fashionout of control失去控制3. think highly of = have a good opinion of看重；高度评价They think highly of your work abilities.拓展：What do you think of

43、 sb./ sth.?你认为某人/物怎么样？think much/well of对评价良好think nothing of对无所谓；不把当回事think badly/poorly of对评价不高think of sb./ sth. as把某人/物当作 4. rather than不是别的，而是Rather than idle away his youth doing nothing in the large company, he started his own small business.He ran rather than walked.拓展：would rather do sththa

44、n do sth宁愿做；而不愿做=prefer doingto doing)other than = except for除了； 而非There is nobody here other than me.考点例题：This crop doesnt do well in soils _the one for which it has been specially developed. A) beyond B) rather than C) outside D) other than 解：other than意思是：不同于，除之外；rather than意思是：而不是。根据句意：除了这块专门为它培

45、育的土壤，这种作物在其它土壤上都生长不好。应选择D.四. 重点句型1. we were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the Government.我们被置于这样一种境地，或者是被迫承认我们低人一等，或者是与政府作斗争。这是一个主从复合句，in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词position。类似的名词还有situation, stage, case等，作先行词时，可用where引导定语从句Can you think of a situation where you once felt embarrassed?拓展：介词+关系代词which在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语，相当于关系副词when, where和why。He is the boss of the restaurant where （= in which） we often have lunch.Today when （= on which） the product will be put into use will c